Yintoni intsapho? U-Herzen uthe intsapho iqala nabantwana, kodwa emva koko, isibini esasingenayo ixesha elaneleyo lokufumana intsapho nayo inentsapho. Kwaye kukho iintsapho zeentsapho ezikhuselekileyo, ezingaphelelanga, ezinxamnye nezinye iintlobo zeentsapho. Makhe sizame ukuqonda iindlela eziphambili zokwahlula eli qela leyona ntlalontle ebalulekileyo.
Iintlobo kunye neentlobo zentsapho yanamhlanje
Abaphengululi banamhlanje basebenzisa izigaba ezahlukeneyo ukucacisa iintlobo zeentsapho, ezi zinto zilandelayo zilandelayo.
1. Ubukhulu bentsapho - inani lamalungu ayo lithathwa ingqalelo.
2. Ngohlobo lwentsapho.
- intsapho yenyukliya - iqulethe iqabane lomtshato kunye nabantwana.
- Intsapho enzima - iquka isibini esitshatileyo, abantwana kunye neentsapho-ugogo, ootata, oodade, abazalwana, njl. Loo ntsapho inokubandakanya izidibeneyo ezitshatileyo ezidibeneyo ezidibeneyo ukuze kube lula ukulawulwa kwendlu.
- intsapho engaphelelanga - iquka abantwana kunye nomzali omnye kuphela okanye isibini esitshatileyo engenabantwana.
3. Ngenani labantwana.
- iintsapho ezingenamntwana;
- intsapho yodwa;
- iintsapho ezincinci - inani labantwana alaneleyo ukwenzela ukunyuka kwendalo, kungabikho abantwana aba-2;
- iintsapho ezifumana imali ephakathi-ngokwaneleyo ekukhuleni nasekuphuhlisweni kwezinto ezinamandla, abantwana abane-3-4;
- ezinkulu iintsapho - kakhulu kunyanzelekile ukuqinisekisa ukwanda kwendalo, 5 okanye ngaphezulu abantwana.
4. Ngohlobo lomtshato.
- Intsapho enomntu oyedwa - inamalingani amabini;
- intsapho yesithembu - enye yamaqabane aneemfanelo ezininzi zomtshato. Ukwahlula i-polygyny (umtshato womntu kunye nabesifazane abaninzi) kunye ne-polyandry (umtshato womfazi onamadoda amaninzi).
5. Ngokwabelana ngesondo ngabafazi.
- nentsapho e
- intsapho efana nesini-amabhinqa amabini okanye amadoda asebenzisana kwimfundo ehlangeneyo yabantwana.
6. Endaweni yomntu.
- umzali - usapho lwabazali bethu;
- ukuzala - intsapho eyadalwa ngumntu.
7. Ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo yokuhlala.
- umphathiswa - intsapho ehlala kwintsimi enye kunye nabazali bomyeni;
- matrilocal - intsapho ehlala kwintsimi enye kunye nabazali bomfazi;
- i-peolocal - intsapho ehlala ngaphandle kwabazali.
Kwaye akuzona zonke iintlobo kunye neentsapho zentsapho. Ukuqwalasela iimpawu zoluhlu ngalunye aluyiyo ingqiqo, ngoko siza kuthetha ngeentlobo ezigqamile.
Iintlobo zeentsapho zomzali ongabodwa
Kukho mthethweni, inkedama, oqhawule umtshato kwaye yaphulwa yintsapho engumzali oyedwa. Kwakhona, abanye abaphandi bachaza iintsapho zoomama kunye noyise.
Ezi ntlobo zentsapho azikwahlulwa njengezihlelelekileyo, kodwa ubunzima bokukhulisa abantwana apha bukhulu. Ngokweziphumo zengqungquthela, abantwana abakwimibutho engumzali oyedwa bafunda kakubi kunontanga yabo, kwaye baxhomekeke kwiintsholongwane ze-neurotic. Ukongezelela, abaninzi abantu basemaselini babakhulela kwiintsapho ezingabodwa.
Iintlobo zeentsapho ezikhulayo
Kukho iintlobo ezine zeentsapho ezibandakanyekayo: ukwamukelwa, inzala, intsapho kunye nokugcinwa.
- Ukwamukelwa - ukumkelwa komntwana kwintsapho njengezihlobo zegazi. Kule meko, umntwana uba lilungu elipheleleyo leentsapho kunye nawo onke amalungelo kunye nemisebenzi.
- Iwadi - ukumkelwa komntwana kwintsapho ngenjongo yokukhulisa kunye nemfundo, kunye nokukhusela iimfuno zakhe. Umntwana ugcina ifom yakhe, abazali bakhe begazi abafumani ukukhululwa kwimisebenzi yokugcinwa kwakhe. Ukuqinisekiswa kusekwa kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-14 ubudala, kwaye ukusukela kwiminyaka eyi-14 ukuya kwe-18 yobudala, umgcini-mboleko ukhutshwa.
- Ukuxhaswa kwemfundo kukufundisa komntwana kwintsapho ethatha indawo engenazikhundla ngesiseko sesivumelwano esilandelayo phakathi kwamagunya ogciniweyo, intsapho yabantwana kunye neziko leenkedama.
- Intsapho yokukhulisa - ukukhulisa umntwana ekhaya kunye nomgcini ngesiseko somvumelwano esichaza ixesha lokudluliselwa komntwana kwintsapho.
Iintlobo zeentsapho ezinkulu
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zeentsapho zolu hlobo:
- Iintsapho ezinkulu eziqaphelayo - ngokuqhelekileyo iintsapho ezineenkcubeko ezinokholo okanye zesizwe;
- ukuvela komntwana oqhelekileyo emva kokutshata kwakhona;
- yintsapho enkulu ehlelelekileyo - iintlobo zemibutho yabazali apho kukho indlela yokuphila ephikisana nemimiselo yoluntu.
Iintlobo zeentsapho ezihlelelekileyo
Kukho ezimbini iindidi ezinkulu. Iyokuqala iquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentsapho ezichasene nabantwana - abazali bezilwanyana ezixhatshazwayo iziyobisi, izidakwa, iintsapho zokulwa, ukuziphatha kakubi.
Udidi lwesibini luqulethe iintsapho ezihloniphekileyo ngaphandle, kodwa ngeengxabano ezingaphakathi ngaphakathi ngenxa yokuziphatha okungalunganga komzali.