Isiqhamo kiwano - esityebileyo esitshatyalaliswayo kwiindawo

Kwiintengiso kuneziqhamo ezininzi ezingenakunokuthi zikhule ekhaya. I-kiwano izithelo ezivela eAfrika zinomfanekiso ongaqhelekanga kunye nokubonakala kwayo, ngoko ukudideka ngenye into ayifanelekanga. Ngaphakathi, iqukethe i-jelly kunye nembewu.

Kiwano - inkcazo

Isiqhamo esingaqhelekanga siphinde sithiwa i-Afrika ikhukhamba okanye i-melon melon, kuba kukho iimpuphu ephezulu. Esi sityalo sisilwanyana esineengca, esiya kufikelela kwi-3-5 m. Kuyafaneleka ukufumanisa apho i-kiwana ikhula khona, ngoko le nkcubeko ikhula kumazwe aseMntla-America, i-Israel, iNew Zealand kunye nezinye iindawo ezinesimo esifana nesimo sezulu.

1. I-creeper eneminyaka elilodwa ubudala inokwanda kunye nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo, eziyi-brittle ne-pubescent.
2. Amaqabunga ayahlukana, kwaye iintyatyambo zikhulu kwaye ziphuzi, kwaye ngaphandle zibukeka njengeemvambo.
3. Kwiintsuku ezingamashumi asixhenxe emva kokuba imbewu ihlwayelwe, kuya kubakho ukuvuna iziqhamo eziba malunga ne-15 cm ubude. Ingcamango ye-pulp ye-jelly ifana phakathi kwebhanana kunye nekhukhamba.

Omnye akakwaziyo ukubeka ingqalelo kwizinto ezixhamlayo kwi-kiwano izithelo, eziqukethe amanzi angama-89%, obangela umgangatho wekhalori ophantsi. Iipropati eziphambili ziquka ulwazi olulandelayo:

1. Kwiindawo apho izityalo zikhule khona, inyama iyasetyenziswa njengendlela ekhuthaza ukuphulukiswa ngokukhawuleza kwamanxeba. Kukholelwa ukuba kunceda ukuhlambulula umzimba weexube ezikhoyo kunye neesxibisi.
2. Ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo, unokuqinisa amandla omzimba kunye nokutshintsha umzimba.
3. Isiqhamo sesiqulatho sinevithamini A, C kunye neqela B, kwaye ezi zinto zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba.
4. I-kivano ebonakalayo phambi kwezifo zesiginci sesisu kunye nenkqubo yesifo senhliziyo, kuba iqukethe i-potassium eninzi.
5. Isiqhamo sibe nefuthe elifanelekileyo kwimeko yesikhumba, sandisa ukwanda kwayo kwaye senza inkqubo yokuvuselelwa kweseli.
6. I-Kivano yinto efanelekileyo kulabo abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba.
7. Sebenzisa i-pulp yeenjongo zokuzongcola, ngoko wenze iimaski ezinomtsalane wokuqinisa.

Abantu abaninzi banomdla wendlela yokutya kakuhle i-kiwano izithelo, ngoko unokuyisebenzisa ukulungiselela izitya ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, ukutya okuninzi, i-salads kunye needyuli. Iintlobo kufuneka zinqunywe kwisahlulo kunye ne-spoon ukususa inyama. Ingxowa ingasomiswa kwaye isetyenziswe, njengomhlobiso okanye izitya zokutya. I-Kivano inokudliwa yintsha, kunye nokucoca kunye ne-salting.

Ukulima kwe-kiwano ukusuka kwimbewu engadini nasemakhaya

Izinto zokutyala zingatholakala ngeendlela ezimbini: ukuzithenga kwivenkile, kodwa akulula ukuzifumana, okanye ukuzikhupha ngaphandle kweziqhamo ezivuthiweyo, zihluthise, zome kwaye ubambe isisombululo esisondlo. Ukukhulisa i-kiwano ekhaya, landela le pateni:

1. Nciphisa imbewu ngakumbi kwisisombululo se "sodium humate" okanye "epin-extra". Kumele bavule, kubalulekile ukuhluma. Oku kuthatha usuku.
2. Izityalo ezilungiselelwe imbewu zinconywa kwiibhotile ezihlukeneyo kwaye ububanzi beembiza kufuneka zibe malunga no-10 cm. Faka inqabileyo nganye umhlaba wezondlo, omele ukhululeke.
3. Ukutyala imbewu kwi-cm engama-3 cm. Iipotyi mazibekwe kwi-greenhouse ubuncinane kwiiveki ezimbini. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, gquba isitya kunye nefilimu okanye ifilimu. Kubalulekile ukuba ungavumeli umhlaba ukuba umile kwaye ugweme ukukhanya kwelanga.
4. Xa kuvela amahlumela, unokususa iglasi kwaye ulindele ukukwazi ukutshala izityalo.

Indlela yokutshala i-kiwano?

Unako ukukhulisa isityalo kwindawo yokuluhlaza okanye ulinde ixesha elifudumeleyo lokutshintshela kwindawo evulekile. Xa ufumene imbewu eyi-kiwano enhle kwimbewu ekhaya, unokuyihlwaya ngokwemiqathango enjalo.

1. Ukutyala kwendawo yokutshisa kufuneka kuqhutywe kwimigangatho emibini, umgama phakathi kokufuneka ube ngu-40 cm. Phakathi kwamacembe kumqolo omnye kufuneka ube ngu-35-40 cm.
2. Ukuba izityalo ze-kiwana zinyuka ngaphandle, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe izindawo ezikhuselweyo emoyeni kwaye kubalulekile ukubonelela indawo yokucoca i-creeper. Kungcono ukutyala izithombo eduze kwesakhiwo okanye ucingo. Kule meko, umgama ophezulu phakathi kwezityalo u-50-80 cm.
3. Iintlobo kufuneka ziboshwe nge-twine ukuya kwi-trellis. Njengoko kukhula, i-stem efunekayo kufuneka iguqulwe ngeenxa zonke.

Ukuba kukho umnqweno wokuhlobisa ibhalkoni yakho okanye i-loggia ngomdiliya omhle kwaye ufumane ukutya okuninzi okumnandi kwi-kiwano, ngoko ke oku kulungiselela amandla ama-5-25 ilitha. Zonke iingcebiso ezibhekwe ngaphambili zichaphazelekayo kwaye umehluko lukhoyo kwinto yokuba kuya kubakho ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kwembali. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-cotton swab, ukudlulisa impova ukusuka kwizityalo zesintu ukuya kwi-stigma yeesibhobho. Kucetyiswa ukuba kuqhutywe inkqubo phambi kwe-12 ntambama.

Nini ukutshala i-kivana?

Sekukhankanywe kakade ukuba isityalo si-thermophilic, ekubeni ivela e-Afrika, ngoko i-kiwana ayiyikunyamezela ukushisa okuphantsi kwaye, ngakumbi, amaqabunga. Amahlumela enkampu kiwano kwi-greenhouse avunyelwe ukuba ityalwe phakathi okanye ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ngokumalunga nokufika kumhlaba ovulekileyo, ngoko kuya kufuneka silinde deze iqhwa lifudume lifudumale kwaye ixesha lokuqanda liza kudlula.

Izimo ezikhulayo ze-Kiwano

Ukuhlakulela umdiliya kwaye ufumane isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukunyamekela okufanelekileyo, okubandakanya iinkqubo ezininzi zokumisela: ukuchelela, ukuchumisa, ukukhulula nokunye okunjalo. Ngethuba lokulinywa kwe-kivana, xa kukho amacandelo amaninzi amacandelo, kubalulekile ukucoca amahlumela kwi-ovary. Iintyatyambo zingcono ukususa ngokupheleleyo. Amancinci amancinci anconywa ukuba athathwe iintsuku ezimbini, ukwenzela ukuba iziqhamo ezintsha zikhule ngokukhawuleza. Xa ixesha lokukhula liphelile, vuna iziqhamo kwaye uhlanyele isityalo kwindawo yokuquba .

I-Melon kiwano - umhlaba

Ngokuqhelekileyo kuzo zonke izityalo, umgangatho womhlaba ubaluleke kakhulu. Kukho impawu emininzi kule creeper:

1. Ukuze izityalo ze-kiwana zibe ziindwendwe rhoqo kwitafile, kubalulekile ukutyala isityalo kwindawo evulekileyo, eya kuqinisekisa ukunyuka okwaneleyo komoya kunye namanzi kwiingcambu.
2. Uluhlu lwesondlo lomhlaba lunokuba luncinci, kuba inkqubo yeengcambu isondele kufuphi nomhlaba, ngokwaneleyo i-15-20 cm. Umxube ovuthiweyo kufuneka uquke umquba ovuthiweyo okanye i-humus.
3. Ukufumana izivuno i-kiwano kwintsimi ephuculweyo kakuhle, kucetyiswa ukuba i- mulch . Ukuba i-mulch i-organic, ke akuyi kuba yimfuneko yokongeza isichumisi ngexesha lokukhula.
4. Kubalulekile ukususa ukhula ngokusisigxina nokuqhuba ukukhutshwa komhlaba.

I-Kiwano kwintsimi-yokunisela

Umswakama kwesi siqhamo kubalulekile, ngoko ungavumeli umhlaba uphele ngokupheleleyo. Ukunkcenkceshela kufanele kube yinto yokuba umhlaba ujikeleze isityalo, kodwa akumanzi kakhulu, kuba ayithandi intaba. Ukufumanisa indlela yokukhulisa i-kiwano, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imvama yokunkcenkceshela ibonisa ukunkcenkceshela kwexesha ezimbini ngeveki. Ukuba ihlobo livulekileyo, ngoko unokudinga ukunxiliswa okongeziweyo.

Izithelo kiwano - zokugqoka

Isityalo esiyingqungquthela siphendula ngokufanelekileyo kwisichumiso, esifanele senziwe rhoqo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i- mullein okanye ukunyuswa kwamagqabi, ahlanjululwe ngamanzi okanye i-droppings yenkukhu. Ukuze ufumane iziqhamo ezinkulu ze-melon kivano, abagadi begadi abanolwazi bancoma ukutshintshisa okuphezulu kunye nokugqoka i-mineral. Izichumisi ze-mineral fertilizer zifanelekile ukusebenzisa. Uncedo kwaye unxibo oluphezulu lwamabala kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo.

I-Melon kiwano - izifo

Isityalo esingaqhelekanga sidume ngokubakala ukuba asiqhathananga sigula, kuba sinempahla ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela. Ukuba kungafanelekile ukunyamekela isityalo okanye ukungalandeli imimandla, iifutha zingasichaphazelwa yizifo zentsholongwane, umzekelo, i-virus ye-cucumber virus okanye i-fake mosaic virus. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i- powdery mildew ne-fusarium wilt ifumaneka kwisityalo se-kiwana. Ngokuphathelele iinambuzane, i-lianas inokuchaphazeleka yi-whiteflies.