Ukuqhwala komntwana, unyango lomkhuhlane omile kunye nomanzi kubantwana.

Ukuphazamiseka kwentlalo kubantwana kuyisisulu kubazali. Ukuqhwala komntwana kukukhuseleka kwe-reflex kwi-ingress yamazwe angaphandle kwiindlela zokuphefumula, ezingabonisa inani lezifo. Umama ufuna ukuqonda umbandela ngokubanzi ukuze akwazi ukunceda umntwana.

Iintlobo zokukhwehlela kubantwana

Unyango olusebenzayo lunokumiselwa xa kubangelwa imbangela ebangela ukuba le mpawu ichanekileyo. Ukhuhlane livela njengoko impendulo yomzimba kwi-ingress ye-allergen, i-microbes, uthuli kwindawo yokuphefumula. Nantoni na ekhusela ukuphefumula ivelisa ngegama le-gap ngokusebenzisa i-reflex thrusts. Ukwazi indlela yokuchonga uhlobo lokukhwehlela kumntwana, umama uhamba ngokukhawuleza kwimeko. Oku kunceda umntwana ukuba akwazi ukujamelana nokuphazamiseka okubangelwa uphawu olungathandekiyo.

Ukukhwehlela okumanzi kumntwana

Ubonakaliswe ukukhululwa kwe-mucus ngaphandle, inani elikhulu elenziwe kwi-airways ngenxa yeenkqubo ezivuthayo. Uphawu lubonisa:

• izifo zendlela yokuphefumula, i-larynx, umzekelo, i-bronchitis, i-laryngitis, i-pharyngitis;
• ukunqotshwa kweetoni (tonsillitis, adenoiditis );
• ARVI, kuquka ne-influenza;
• izifo zeendinyana zomzimba, ezibonakaliswa yimveliso ebalulekileyo ye-mucus (rhinitis, sinusitis);
• imiphunga, isifo sofuba.

Ukuba ngumzimba wendalo, ukukhwehlela kwamanzi kumntwana akuyingozi. Ezinye iimpawu ezihamba kunye nazo zimele zilondolozwe, ukubonakala kwazo kuyisimboli sobizo olukhawulezileyo ugqirha:

• ukuphefumula okufutshane;
• izibonda ezizwakalayo;
• i-sputum inobuncwane bepus, igazi;
• intlungu esifuba.

Ukukhwehlela komelele kancinci kwintsana

Ihluke ngokugqithisileyo, ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlaselwa kwayo kuphelile. Kwenzeka ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwesiputum, kuba kuthiwa ayivelanga. Ngokuxhomekeke kwithuba, ukukhwehlela oomileyo kuhlulwe ngo:

• i-acute - ukuya kwiiveki ezi-3;
• elide - ixesha layo lingaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-21;
• engapheliyo, apho kungenakwenzeka ukuyilahla iinyanga.

Ukukhwehlela okungavelanga kumntwana kunokubonakalisa into yangaphandle ekungeneni kwiphepha lokuphefumula. Ngokomzekelo, ingaba yipeni, inkcazelo encinci ukusuka kwidonti okanye umyili, isiqwenga sokutya. Abazali mabafanele bakrokre oku, ukuba inkunzi enempilo iqala ukukhwehlela ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlaselwa kuhamba kunye nokuhluthwa. Kubalulekile ukukhulula umthambo wokuphefumula wezinto ezingaphandle.

Umkhuhlane omile ohamba nezifo zentsholongwane kwisigaba sokuqala, i-influenza, i-parainfluenza, inokubonisa i-pertussis-isifo esiyingozi se-bhakteria. Ngezinye izihlandlo impawu ibonisa ukungabikho komzimba. Ukungcoliseka komoya, uthuli lunokubangela ukuba kuthathwe impendulo.

Ukukhwehlela komzimba kumntwana

Eli ligama lokusabela kwe-bronchi ekungeneni kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo kwiprotheni eyenza i-immune system isebenze. Okucaphukisayo kunoku:

• Ekhaya, i-dust particles;
• iimpahla zeekhemikhali zasekhaya;
• umlenze wezilwanyana zasekhaya, uboya;
• impova ye zityalo;
• ubumba kunye nabanye.

Qinisekisa ukuba i-substance apho i-crumb iqala ukuphendula okungalunganga inokubangelwa yimviwo. Ku luncedo kubazali ukwazi ukuqonda ukukhwehlela komntwana kwaye ukuhlula kwiimpawu ze-ARVI:

1. Iqala ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kwe-sputum, okanye icacile, ngesixa esincinci.
2. Ubushushu buqhelekileyo.
3. Kumntwana akwanele ngokomoya.
4. Ukukhwehlela komzimba kumntwana kuthatha ixesha elide.
5. Xa uthatha izidakamizwa ze-antihistamine, kukho ukuphuculwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ukukhwehlela ngamandla kumntwana

Ukubonakala kweso sibonakaliso kufuneka uqaphele umntu omdala. Iyakwazi ukubonakalisa i-pathologies yemeko eyahlukileyo, ngoko ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukudibana nogqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela komntwana onomkhuhlane ngokuqhelekileyo kuba yinto yokubonakalisa i-laryngitis, ehamba kunye neempumlo ezixhambileyo, impumlo ephihliweyo, ukunganakwa, impilo embi.

Ukuba imeko ivumelekile ukuba iqhubekele, ke kukho ithuba lokuphuhlisa i-croup yamanga. Oku kubangelwa ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kwefuthe kwiintsholongwane bangakwazi ukuhlakulela i-edema ye-laryngeal kalula ngenxa yempawu zeminyaka. Isiphumo kukuphulwa komphefumlo, ukuphefumula. Ukukhwehlela kancinci kumntwana, kuhamba nomkhuhlane, kuyimpawu yezinye izifo, ezifana ne-diphtheria, i-influenza. Ezi meko nazo zineengxaki.

Ukukhwehlela okomileyo kumntwana ngaphandle kokushisa kwenzeka xa:

• izifo zendalo;
• iimbungu ezinokuchaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumula;
• uxinzelelo olunokukhupha umkhuhlane obonakala ngosuku;
• ukukhwehlela, okubonakala ngokuhlaselwa ngaphambi kokuhlanza.

Ukhuhlane kwi-adenoids kubantwana

I-SARS rhoqo kunye nexesha elide linokunyusa ukukhula kweetoni kwi-nasopharynx. Iingcali zibiza le ngxaki ye-adenoids. Ziyakuboniswa ngesikhohlela ebusuku emntwaneni. Xa umntwana esesigxina, i-mucus iqhubela phantsi udonga lwangemva lwe-nasopharynx. Oku kuphazamisa ukugqitywa kweentlungu ezikuyo. Ingqungquthela ephuma kwi-snot kumntwana ibonisa ukuguquka kwesi sifo kwi-2, 3. Unyango lufanele lujongane ne-ENT, liya kugqiba indlela ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yesifo.

Ukhuhlane ekuseni kunye nomntwana

Ngamanye amaxesha isibonakaliso sibonakala kuphela emva kokuvuswa. Ukuba umama uqaphela ukukhwehlela okungaqhelekiyo oluqhelekileyo imihla ngemihla kwintsana ephilileyo kwaye ekhutheleyo, ke le nto yinto eqhelekileyo yendalo. Ngethuba lokulala ubusuku, kukho umxube we-mucus kwi-larynx. Ukukhwehlela kwasekuseni kumntwana kuvumela umzimba ukuba uhlambuluke ngokwawo.

Ngokuphathelele kwinto eyenzekayo kukuzisa umgcini wezilwanyana ukuba uhlole imeko ngokufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukubonisana neengcali ezinxulumene nazo ukuze ungabandakanyi ithuba lokugula:

1. I-allergies (ukuya kothuli, njengendlela yokusabela kwi-filler kwimilenze), i-asthma ye-bronchial.
2. I-reflux esophagitis - isifo apho iziqulatho zesisu ziphonswa kwi-pharynx ngokusebenzisa i-esophagus, uphawu lwayo luba ngumkhuhlane emva kokulala komntwana.
3. I-pneumonia nezinye izifo ezivuthayo zendlela yokuphefumula kubantwana ababuthathaka banako ukuhamba ngaphandle kwempawu ezongezelelweyo.

Unyango lwekhwehlo kubantwana

Ngexesha lokugula komntwana ochaphazelekayo abazali bazama ukwenza imizamo eninzi yokunceda ukubuyiswa. Ukutyunjwa kobugcisa bekhwalithi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, ngoko umntu akanako ukuwutyeshela iingcebiso zengcali enezakhono. Abo boomama abathengisa iziyobisi ngokusekelwe kwiingxelo kwi-intanethi, yenza iphutha elinokunyusa imeko. Ukuqonda indlela yokuphatha ukukhwehlela kancinci kumntwana, kufuneka uqonde uhlobo lwalo. Kuxhomekeke kule nto, kufuneka ukhethe amayeza.

Indlela yokuphatha umkhuhlane kumntwana?

Emva kokuvavanya imeko yezempilo, xa sele ukuqonda izizathu zokuphendula ngendlela yendalo, ugqirha uya kukhetha amayeza afanelekileyo:

1. Unyango lwekhwehlo elomileyo kubantwana. Nika imali enjalo:

• Antitussive. Kukho inyathelo lezonyango, iCodeine ibhekiselwa kule ndlela. Iyeza lithintela i-reflex ekhwehlela, inqanda imisebenzi yengqondo. Ukutyunjwa kulungele ukuhlaselwa okuxhatshazayo, njengokuba kukhwehlela. Kukho amayeza anqabileyo okukhuphaza okungahambi konyango. Iimali ezinjalo zinqunyelwe iifom ezinzima zentsholongwane yokuphefumula kwintsholongwane, umkhuhlane. Iziyobisi azibangeli umlutha, ungagxininisi umsebenzi wengqondo. Ukususela kwiziyobisi zale qela waziwa yiSinekod, iTusuprex.
• Mucolytics. Baya kunceda ukuguquka komkhuhlane owomileyo kumntwana ube ngumkhuhlane ovelisayo. Oku kubalulekile, njengokuba i-sputum yabantwana ikhupha ngamandla kunye nobunzima, kwaye iyakuba ngumtshato wokutshatyalaliswa kwebhaktheriya. I-mucolytics iquka uLazolvan, i-Flavomed. Akunakuyithathwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nabadlali abathintekayo.
• Amalungiselelo ahlangeneyo. Ezi ziquka i-Kodelak. Iindlela ezichasene nengxaki ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi, ukuba nefuthe eliphikisayo kunye nokwandisa ukuveliswa kwe-sputum.

Ukunyangwa kwekhwehlela kubantwana abanezigulane zomntu

Abantu abaninzi basebenzisa amayeza alungiselelwe ekhaya. Zonke iindlela zemveli zokukhwehlela komntwana zifuna ingxoxo kunye neengcali. Ugqirha kufuneka ahlolisise ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwimeko ethile:

1. Ngemizuzu emi-5. Ubisi ubilise anyanisi, ugxininise, ucwecwe, unike umntwana kaninzi ngosuku, ubude bonyango 2-4 iintsuku.
2. Ubisi kunye neepine buds kuletha ukubilisa. Ukugxininisa, uxinzelele kwaye unike umntwana ukuba ube ngu-50 g., Kwiintsuku ezingama-2-3 kuya kuvela ukukhutshwa kwaye inkqubo imisiwe.
3. Ijusi ye-kroti ixutywe nobisi kwiindawo ezilinganayo kwaye inikwe umntwana ngesipuni izikhathi ezili-6 ngosuku (iintsuku eziyi-3-4).

Musa ukudlula umkhwehlela kumntwana - wenzeni?

Kwenzeka ukuba unyango olude aluncedo, kuba ukuba umama ubona ukuba ingxaki ayisombululwanga, kufuneka uqhube uphinde uphinde uphinde uhlolisise kwinqanaba labantwana. Ukukhwehlela ixesha elide kumntwana uyakwazi ukubonisa isifo se-asthma okanye iingxaki zempilo ezingahambelani nomoya wokuphefumula. Kungcono ukuba ungayihoyi iinconywa zeengcali ukuba uncedisa ukuthunyelwa kwezinye iingcali.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuhamba nomntwana xa ukhwehlela?

Umoya omtsha unceda kwi-sputum, ukukhawulezisa ukubuyisela. Ukuba umntwana esitalatweni waqala ukukhwehlela, akufuneki ukulila i-alamu. Ekhaya ikhaya le-bronchi lixhaswe, kwaye emoyeni omtsha ithobisa kwaye ihamba ngokufanelekileyo. Abazali banenkxalabo malunga nokuba unokuhamba xa ukhwehlela umntwana wakho ebusika. Ukuba i-crumb ayinayo iqondo lokushisa, akukho moya kwisitalato, kwaye kwi-thermometer ephezulu kune -5 ° C, ngoko umcimbi uya kwenza okulungileyo. Ukuhamba kufuneka kube ngaphandle kwemidlalo esebenzayo. Ukukhwehlela komntwana kumntwana kunokuhlala iiveki. Ukuba khona kwayo akusizathu sokungavumi ukuhamba.

Ndiyakuthambisa umntwana wam xa ndikhwehlela?

Ekuqaleni kwesi sifo kunye nempilo engalunganga, iinkqubo zamanzi azikhuthazwa. Ukuba ufuna ukususa ukungcola, ungasebenzisa iipilki ezinamanzi. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuphucula imeko jikelele, ukuhlanjululwa phantsi kwesitya kuvumelekile. Unako ukuhlamba umntwana xa ukhwehlela ngaphandle kobushushu, kodwa kufuneka uphephe ulungiso kunye nenkqubo akufanele ide.