Isiqhelo se-bilirubin egazini

Esinye sezigaba eziphambili ekuxilongweni kwezifo kukuhlolwa kwegazi, apho kukho izibonakaliso ezininzi, kubandakanywa nesimilo se-bilirubin egazini. Cinga ukuba luhlobo luni lwezinto kunye nokuba lufanele luquke kangakanani ekuhlalutheni komntu onempilo.

Yintoni i-bilirubin?

I-Bilirubin yenye ye-enzyme ye-bile, enombala obomvu obomvu. Yakhiwe ngenxa yokuchithwa kwamalungu egazi, ngokukodwa kwi-hemoglobin, ebeka iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ngexesha lokulimala (ukulimala) okanye ukuguga ngokwemvelo. I-hemoglobin ihlaselwa kwi-heme kunye neetyuniti ze-globin, eziya kuba ngamino-amino. Yaye i-heme, isebenzisana ne-enzymes, iya kuba yi-bilirubin engqalileyo, eyinto evamile ekwahlukileyo phakathi kwe-bilirubin epheleleyo kunye ngqo.

Ngokuchanekileyo kubizwa ngokuba kungenakunqandwa okanye kukhululekile-kuyingozi, njengento enqabileyo, inokungena kalula kwiiseli, iphazamise umsebenzi wayo. Yingakho umxholo wale ngxube ye-bilirubin kwigazi ngaphezu kwesiqhelo kuyingozi.

I-enzyme kule fomu ibophezela kwi-albinini yegazi kwaye ingena esibindi, apho ihamba khona "ukungathathi hlangothi" kwaye ihlaziywa ngamanzi. Eli qhekeza libizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin engekho ngqo. I-enzyme enjalo ixutywe nge-bile, kodwa ukuba umsebenzi wesibindi uphazamiseka, umzimba uyayeka ukujamelana nomsebenzi wokuguqula i-bilirubin engathanga ngqo, kwaye umxholo wayo egazini uba ngaphezu kweqhelekileyo.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-bilirubin

Umlinganiselo we-enzyme kwi-serum yegazi igqityiwe kuhlalutyo lwe-biochemical kwi-indicators ezifana ne-hemoglobin, haptoglobin, i-cholesterol, i-urea, i-glucose, i-creatinine, i-triglyceride kunye nabanye.

Igazi lokuphanda lithathwa kuphela kwi-vein. Ngomhla wokuhlalutya awukwazi ukusela izandi, ubisi, ikhofi, itiye elimnandi kunye notywala. Iiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwi-12 ngaphambi kokunikezelwa kwegazi akunakudliwa, kwaye i-laboratory kufuneka ifike kwisisu esingenanto. Unako ukusela amanzi.

Ingalo engaphezulu kwendwangu igxininiswe nge-tourniquet, ulusu luphathwa nge-antiseptic kwaye inaliti ifakwe kwi-vein, apho igazi lithathwa khona. Njengomthetho, abaninzi abantu bacinga ukuba le ndlela ibuhlungu kakhulu kunokunikela ngegazi eminwe.

Iziphumo zesifundo

Kwibhubhoratri, i-bilirubin iyonke inqunywe kwi-biochemical test test - okuqhelekileyo kule enzyme ngokuqhelekileyo i-8.5 - 20.5 i-μmol / L, nangona amanani angahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu ezisetyenziswayo kwisifundo. Ngaloo ndlela, nganye ibhubhoratri inomgangatho, kwaye imida yayo iboniswe ngokucacileyo kwiziphumo zohlalutyo.

Ngoko ke, ezinye iimpawu zengcaphuno, ngokwemiqathango yesiqhelo se-bilirubin ekuhlolweni kwegazi lifikelela kuma-22 μmol / l.

Icandelo elichanekileyo lifikelela kuma-5.1 μmol / l, kwaye nge-ngqo-ukuya kwi-17.1 μmol / l.

Kutheni i-bilirubin iphakanyisiwe?

Ngosuku lwesibini lwesithathu emva kokuzalwa komzimba, ukutshatyalaliswa okusebenzayo kwe-erythrocytes kwenzeka, nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ye-bilirubin-conjugating (eguqula iqhekeza elingqalileyo le-enzyme kumgca ochanekileyo) ayisakulwanga ngokupheleleyo kubantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa. Ngenxa yoko, abantwana bahlakulela i- jaundice yomzimba - ihamba kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwe-3. Kodwa yintoni eqhelekileyo ye-bilirubin egazini leintsana? Umyalelo wobukhulu obuphezulu kunabantu abadala: ngomhla wesithathu - umhla wesixhenxe emva kokuzalwa, i-205 μmol / l ye-enzyme ichanekile (iintsana ezisenesikhathi esingaphantsi - 170 μmol / l). Ku Iveki yesithathu isibonakaliso sinciphisa kwimveli 8.5-20.5 μmol / l.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokunyusa izinga le-enzyme ye-bile ekudala:

1. Inani le-erthrocyte elibhubhileyo linyukayo, yinto enesifo se-hemolytic anemia , umzekelo.
2. Isibindi sonakaliswe kwaye asihambisani nomsebenzi wokususa i-bilirubin.
3. Ukuphuma kwe-bile ukuya emathunjini amancinci kuphazamiseka.
4. Umsebenzi wee-enzyme ezenza i-bilirubin ngqo iphazamiseka.

Ukuba kukho enye iintlupheko, i-jaundice iqala, apho umbala weembrane ezinamaqabunga, iso kunye nesikhumba se-sclera ziyajika.