Kubalulekile ukuba umama ozayo ahlolisise iimpawu zokukhulelwa kwangaphambili ukuze afune uncedo lwezonyango ngexesha. Ngaloo ntsholongwane, abafazi beeminyaka ezahlukeneyo badibana. Umdala okhulelweyo, omkhulu umngcipheko we-anembrion. Ngokwezibalo, umyinge we-15% wabantu abafayo bavela kwi-embryo.
Kutheni i-fetus ifa kwiindawo zokuqala zokukhulelwa?
Le ntsholongwane ayifuni ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ithukunyiswa yizinto ezithile. Kukho ukucinga ukuba ukukhulelwa kwangaphambi kokuqala kwangoko, izizathu ekufuneka zizimisele ukukhusela oku kwixesha elizayo, zingavela kwiimeko ezinjalo:
- Ukuguquka kwe-Genetic yinto ebalulekileyo kakhulu. Le ntsholongwane ivela ngaphambi kweveki ye-8 yesigxina. Ngokuqhelekileyo akuhambelani nobomi bomva.
- Iingxaki zeHormonal. Ezi ziquka ukunqongophala kweprogesterone kunye nokwanda kwinqanaba le-androgens-i-hormone yamadoda.
- Izifo. Ngethuba lexesha lobunzima bomzimba, umzimba womama ozayo uza kuba neentlobo zegciwane. I-fetal bladder kunye ne-placenta zikhusela i-embryo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhatshazwa kwezifo, le "zixhobo" ayincedi. Ukongeza, kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ezihamba nezifo ezithathelwanayo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-oksijeni kumntwana ukhula.
- Ingxaki ngegazi coagulability. Iqanda le-fetal alikwazi ukufumana indawo ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwesibeleko. Ukongezelela, le ntsholongwane ibangela ukukhutshwa kwemithambo yegazi, ngenxa yoko, umbungu awukhiphi inani elifanelekileyo lezinto ezixabisekileyo, kwaye luyeka ukuphuhlisa.
- Ukutya okunokulinganisela kunye nokuphila okungenampilo. Apha ungabandakanya ukutya okunesondlo kumavithamini, uxinzelelo olunzulu, ukuhlala uhlala kwikhompyutheni okanye kwi-TV, ukuhamba ngokungaqhelekanga njalonjalo.
Indlela yokujonga ukukhulelwa okufileyo kwiimvavanyo zokuqala?
Ukufa kwesibindi kwinqanaba lokuqala kungabonakali. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho imiqondiso emininzi engqina kumfazi malunga neengxaki eziye zavela. Kubalulekile ukuba aqonde indlela ukukhulelwa okukhulelweyo kubonakalisa ngayo kumanyathelo okuqala. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhusela imiphumo emibi kwimpilo kamama. Ukungahoywa iimpawu ezinjalo akunangqiqo kwaye kwaneyingozi.
Iimpawu zokuqala zokukhulelwa okukhukhulayo kwiinqanaba zokuqala
Kukho inani leempawu, ukubonakaliswa kwayo okumele kwenzeke ibhinqa lithinte iindlebe zakhe. Ngendlela yokujonga ukukhulelwa okukhukhulayo kwixesha elidlulileyo, umzimba ngokwawo uza kuxela. Ukuqwalaselwa ngokukodwa kumama ozayo kufuneka kunikezelwe kwiimpawu:
- Ukunyamalala ngokukhawuleza kwe-toxicosis. Ukuba i-gestosis yokuqala ihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ihamba ngeengqiqo, ixesha lokulila i-alamu.
- Ukuphuculwa kwamabele. Emva kokukhulelwa, abafazi bayaqaphela ukuba izilonda zamathambo ziye zanda kwaye ziba buhlungu. Kwixesha elipheleleyo lokuthwala, amaqhekeza amabele angakwazi ukuphumla nokuthulula. Kule ndlela, akukho nto engeyonto, kuba idibaniswa "neenqanaba" ze-hormone emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kwi-1 trimester yokukhulelwa, izilonda ze-mammary ziphumle, oku kungaba ngumqondiso wokutshatyalaliswa komntwana. Kukho ezinye "iintshukumo" zokunciphisa amabele. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, akudingekile ukwesaba xa lo mqondiso uboniswa.
Ukuqhawulwa ngokukhulelwa okufileyo kumanyathelo okuqala
Ukuba umzimba awuzange uphewule ngokukhawuleza iqanda lomntwana ofayo, ukugatya kwakhe kuya kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Ukukhulelwa okukhuselekileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo, iimpawu ziya kubonisa ngendlela yokukhulelwa kwesisu. Ukubambisana kwemfihlo kunye nomthunzi wayo ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni sele ixesha elidlulileyo lidlulileyo ukususela ekufeni komntwana. Izibonakaliso zokukhulelwa okukhukhulayo kwimimiselo yokuqala zilandelayo:
- Kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala emva kokufa kwesibindi, ukuhambelana kwemfihlo kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Unemibala emhlophe.
- Ukuqala ngomhla we-3 no-6, iqanda lokutshatyalaliswa kancane kancane liqala ukugqithisa kwiindonga zesisu. Ngenxa yoko, imivumba yamanzi ibonakala kwiimfihlo.
- Kwiintsuku ezingama-12-14 emva kokufa kwembungu, imfihlelo iya kuba yibomvu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abafazi abakhulelweyo baya kwi-gynecologist, xa bebona ukukhutshwa okubomvu - iimpawu zokutshatyalaliswa komntwana. Le nkqubo ayinakuguquka, kwaye kakade akunakwenzeka ukulungisa into. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhulelwa kwamanzi kungasoloko kusebenza njengobungqina bokuba uphuhliso lwamaqanda luyekile. Bayakwazi ukubonisa kunye nokunye okuqhubekayo kwimeko yokuphila kwintokazi yowesifazane.
Ukuvalelwa ngokukhulelwa okufileyo kumanyathelo okuqala
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, lo mfazi uziva, njengangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kuqalisa ukubola, iimpawu zentsholongwane ekhulayo kwizigaba zokuqala zokukhulelwa zikhula. Kanye nokunyamalala kwe-toxicosis kunye nokunciphisa izilonda ezinobumbele kunentlungu ephezulu. Ukongeza, umfazi okhulelweyo unqotywe bubuthathaka kunye nokungabi namandla. Emva kwenyanga emva kokufa kwembungu, iintlungu ezinzima zesicatshulwa esikhatywayo zivela kwisisu esezantsi.
BT kunye nokukhulelwa okufayo kumanyathelo okuqala
Abanye abesifazana nangona emva kokuchumisa kuqhubeka nokulawula ukushisa okuphantsi . Ngekhosi eqhelekileyo yokuhamba, i-thermometer kufuneka ibonise 37 ° C. Nangona kunjalo, iqondo lokushisa ekukhulelweni kokufa ekuqaleni kwexesha liyehla. Le mpawu phambi kokuba abanye babonakalise ukufa komntwana. Kubonakala ngale ndlela:
- Emva kweeyure ezingama-46-48 iqondo lokushisa lihla ukuya kuma-36.8 ° C kwaye lihlala kule nqanaba iintsuku ezimbalwa;
- emva kweentsuku ezine-BT ngu-36.7 ° C;
- xa iqanda lomntwana liqala ukubola ngokugqithiseleyo, inqubo yokuvuvukala "ukugxuma" okubukhali kubushushu bubonakala kumzimba wesetyhini.
Ukukhulelwa okukhukhulayo - ukuxilongwa
Jonga ugqirha wesifazane kunye nezikhalazo zokubamba ubuhlungu okanye ukuphawula. Ugqirha uqhuba uviwo olunzulu, amvumela ukuba abone ukutshatyalaliswa komntwana ebusweni bokuqala. Kulo xesha, ugqirha uthelekisa ubungakanani bombele kumfazi okhulelwe kunye nokuba yiyiphi into ekufuneka ibe ngayo kule minyaka yobudala. Ukongeza, ugqirha ukhetha izifundo ezongezelelweyo: i- ultrasound kunye nokuhanjiswa kweeHCG. Ngokweziphumo uya kuqinisekisa ukufa komntwana, okanye ukuphikisa.
HCG kunye nokukhulelwa kwangaphambili
Le hormone ikhiqizwa ngokunyanisekileyo emva kokuxhoma iqanda lomntwana kwiqanda le-uterine. Ukufumanisa isibonakaliso salo, igazi linikezwa kusasa kwisisu esingenalutho okanye emini (iiyure ezine-4 ngaphambi koko, akukho nto yokutya). Ngokuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo lombungu, izinga le-hormone egazini landa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, i-hCG ekukhulelweni kokufa iyancipha. Ukuba umntwana ulahlekile, oku kubonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo kwiimpawu zehomoni:
- Ukuxinwa kwe-hCG egazini lomfazi kuncinci kakhulu kunokuba kumiselwe kweli xesha lokugaya;
- kunye nokulawulwa kokulawulwa kohlalutyo kukho ukuhla kwe-index ye-hormone.
Kwezinye iimeko, i-hCG inokwandisa, kodwa isantya sayo sisala ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo. Izazi ze-gynecologists zikholelwa ukuba "ukuziphatha" kweli hormone akukakho ukuqinisekiswa kwe-anembrion. Izibonakaliso zokukhulelwa okufayo kumanyathelo okuqala kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwiinkqubo ezinzima. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kwe- hCG yinye yeempawu. Ukufumana umfanekiso onokwethenjelwa, ugqirha uya kunika ezinye iinkqubo zokuxilonga.
I-ultrasonography yokukhulelwa ngokukhawuleza kumazinga okuqala
Le nkqubo inika iziphumo ezinokwethenjelwa ekunqumeni i-anembrionia. Ukuba ukukhulelwa kufuneka kucime, i-ultrasound iya kubonisa iziphumo ezilandelayo:
- Ubungakanani beqanda le-fetal alihambelani nesiqhelo (kakhulu ngaphantsi).
- Intliziyo yesisu engabonakaliyo (emva kweveki yesihlanu yesigxina, kufuneka icaciswe ngokucacileyo).
- Ubukhulu bombindi buncinci kunokuba bamele babe ngethuba lokukhulelwa.
- Emva kweveki ye-4 yesigxina, i-deformation yeqanda le-fetal isebenza njengomqondiso we-anembrion.
Ukukhulelwa okukhukhulayo - yintoni oyenzayo?
Ukuba ugqirha lokucinga malunga nokufa kwembungu kuqinisekiswa, udala isicwangciso esithile sokwenza. Ukususwa kweqanda lomntwana elivela kumzimba wesifazane liyakwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- ukutyunjwa kwamachiza atshabalalisa isisu;
- ukutshiza;
- ukucima ukucima ;
- ukulinda nokubona isimo sengqondo - emva kokufa kwe-fetus, inani leprogesterone liyehla, oku kungakhokelela ekuphumuleni komzimba.
Ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ekhutshiwe kwixesha elidlulileyo "liphazanyiswa" ngokutshiza. Le mini-operation isebenza phantsi kwe-anesthesia. Ukwahlula kukuvumela ukuba ususe iqanda elipheleleyo lomntwana. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo inokuchasene. Ukuqhekeza akuvumelekile:
- kunye nokusuleleka kwezesondo;
- xa kwenzeka ukunyanzeliswa kwezifo ezingapheliyo;
- kunye neentsholongwane zebhaktheriya ezihlasela umzimba womfazi.
Ukubuyiselwa emva kokukhulelwa kwabafileyo kwiinqanaba zokuqala
Ixesha lokubuyiselwa emva kokunyangwa kwexesha lingahlala iiveki ezimbalwa. Kubalulekile ukuba ibhinqa lilandele iziphakamiso zegqirha ngokungenakwenzeka:
- Kubalulekile ukuthatha iziyobisi ezichasayo.
- Emva kokunyanga, kufuneka ugcine ukulala. Ukuzikhandla komzimba kungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Ukususela kwiiveki zokuqala ezi-2 emva kokuqhutywa kweminye mini kunokukhutshwa ngamandla, kufuneka usebenzise ii-gaskets. Ukusetyenziswa kweetamponi ngeli xesha akuvumelekile!
- Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukulala ngesondo ubuncinane kwiiveki ezimbini.
- Ukuba ukukhulelwa okuqhoqhileyo "kuphazamisekile" kwixesha lokuqala, iintlungu ezinamandla zihlala kwisisu esezantsi. Akudingeki ukuba babe nokunyamezela ngokugqithiseleyo, unokusela isicatshulwa.
- Kubalulekile ukunyamekela ukukhulelwa kwangokwethenjelwa. Ukukhulelwa okulandelayo kufuneka kucetywe ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ngaloo xesha, umzimba womfazi kufuneka ubuyele.
Ukukhulelwa okukhuselekileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo-nemiphumo
Ukuba ukufa kwimbungu kubonakala ngexesha, kuya kwenzeka ukuba ugweme iingxaki zempilo yowesifazane. Ngaphandle koko, mhlawumbi i-sepsis. Umngcipheko wokukhulelwa emva kokukhulelwa okunzima kuya kudibana neengxaki ezifanayo zisalondolozwa:
- Ukuba i-anembrionia kwintombi ibonakala kuqala, ithuba lokuphindaphinda lingama-25%.
- Emva kokukhulelwa kwe-2 kwengqondo, umngcipheko wokuba ingxaki iya kubuya malunga ne-35%. Ngesi sizathu, umama omele ulindeleke ukuba aqaphelisise iimpawu zokukhulelwa kwabafileyo kwiindawo zokuqala.
- Ukuba i-anembryonia ivela okwesithathu, ithuba lokufa kombungu liya kuma-40%.
Ungazikhusela njani ukukhulelwa okhenkcekileyo kumanyathelo okuqala?
Unokuyilumkisa i-anembrion. Okokuqala kufuneka uqikelele ukuba kutheni ukukhulelwa kuyama ekuncinane. Kwakhona, abazali abaza kuba bafanele bafumane uvavanyo olupheleleyo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ibhinqa ifuna ukunika i-smear kwizityalo zangasese, ukuhlalutya ubukho be-HIV-infections. Ubungozi bokutshatyalaliswa kwesisu kuya kunciphisa ukuba izibhengezo ziyalahlwa kwangaphambili. Ukunyamezela umntwana ophilileyo kuya kunceda i-folic acid. Izibonakaliso zokukhulelwa okuqhoqelekile ekupheleni kwexesha okanye kwiminyaka yokuqala zixhunyaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kunye nesondlo sabasetyhini (kufuneka kube sempilo).