Psychology of Education

Ukuzala umntwana akuyena umdlalo, kubalulekile ukuphakamisa ngokuchanekileyo. Le ngcamango ikwabelwana ngawo onke amawaka ngabazali. Kodwa yintoni i-psychology yemfundo yabantwana? Indlela yokugcina umgaqo othi "musa ukulimaza" kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukukhula ngobuntu obugcweleyo obuya kuzingca? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo zibhekiselele kwinjongo yokukhuliswa.

I-Psychology yokukhuliswa kwabantwana

Kwixesha elilodwa kunye necandelo lezesayensi, i-psychology yokukhuliselwa yahlulwa kwi-40s yekhulu lemashumi mabini. Kwiminyaka emininzi, abameli beli ndawo bahlala befumana isisombululo kwiingxaki zokubunjwa komntu, umbutho wabantwana abahlangeneyo, ukuphuhliswa kokuziphatha, ubuntu bomntwana, njl njl. I-psychology yokukhulisa isiseko senzululwazi yokufundisa, enceda ukuqonda umntwana, ukusombulula iingxaki zakhe, ukufumana indlela kubo bonke abamele isizukulwana esincinane.

Iingcamango ezisisiseko ukuba iingqondo zengqondo ekukhulisweni zicatshangelwa zingathathwa ngenyameko ngokwemigaqo yexesha eliqhelekileyo elichongiweyo nguP.I. Dish fast:

1. Imfundo yomntwana njengenkqubo yokwenza ngokuvisanayo iimpawu zakhe zeengqondo nezokuziphatha kunokwenzeka kuphela ngokuthatha inxaxheba komntwana ngokwakhe kule nkqubo. Oko kukuthi, into ebalulekileyo yemfundo echanekileyo ngumsebenzi womntu ofundiswayo.
2. Umsebenzi womntwana kwinkqubo yemfundo kufuneka ihambelane ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zakhe zeminyaka. Ngaphandle koko, utitshala unobungozi obunokumelana nokunyaniseka komntwana kunye nokungahambelani.
3. Kwinkqubo yemfundo, kufuneka kube nokulingana phakathi kwemizamo yomfundi kunye notitshala. Ekuqaleni umntwana uphinda utitshala, ngoko umsebenzi wakhe ukwanda kwaye ekugqibeleni wenza konke ngokwakhe.
4. Ukuphuhliswa komntwana kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko zengqondo yothando kunye nokhuseleko.
5. Imfundo iza kuba nefuthe xa umntwana efikelela kwindawo yokuphumelela kwintlobo ethile yomsebenzi. Emva kokufumana lo mzuzwana, ootitshala baya kufumana umva wokwaneliseka ngesiphumo kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kulo msebenzi.
6. Inkqubo yemfundo akufanele ivule. Ngaphandle koko, umntwana uya kuqonda ukuba uzama ngokukodwa ukuphazamisa ukuziphatha kwaye uya kukwenzela.

Kubazali abaninzi, imiba yengqondo yokukhulisa abantwana bezesondo ezahlukeneyo ifanelekile. Emva koko, "indoda yangempela" kufuneka ikhule kwinkwenkwe, kwaye intombazana kufuneka ikhulunywe "njengendoda yenene". Kodwa kuthekani ukuba intsapho ikhula bobabini abantwana? Ukwenza oku, khumbula ubuncinci bemithetho yokuqala.

I-Psychology yemfundo yenkwenkwe

1. Musa ukubeka phantsi. Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba abafana basengozini kwaye banokuphulaphula izono. Musa ukuhlwaya umntwana kwaye uhlala umgxeka. Ukuze ukhule kuye uqobo olupheleleyo lufunde ukuthembela kumntwana, mnike uthando lwakho ngokupheleleyo, umdumise ngenxa yiphina impumelelo kwaye ungamkeli uthando kunye novelwano, nangona ukuba le yinkwenkwe.
2. I-Nakornyu igxininisa i-stereotype yeendoda ezililayo. Abafana banelungelo lokukhala kakhulu njengamantombazana. Ngaphandle koko, umntwana oyikayo ukugculelwa ngabazali kunye noontanga uya kuba nobuhlungu kuye, ubeka umngcipheko wokufumana iingxaki zempilo kwaye ufumana ubunzima obukhulu ekuvakaliseni iimvakalelo zakhe. Kwimeko embi kakhulu, uya kugxothwa kwaye agxothwe.
3. Mnyamekele umntwana ngengqondo, kodwa, akukho nangoko ngokwenyama. Akuyimfuneko ukusindisa le nkwenkwe ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba (umzekelo, ukuqhuba isikhwama okanye ibhayisiki emva kwakhe). Ubeka umngcipheko ekufumaneni indoda engaxhaswanga kunye noxhomekeke kuye.
4. Ngokuchasene nenkolelo eninzi, abafana bathanda ukudlala ngamadonki. Kwaye ungabavumeli oku kumnandi. Kulo mdlalo odlala umdlalo oza kumnceda ube ngubaba omhle kunye nentsapho efanelekileyo. Ukongeza, imidlalo kunye needopi iza kunceda amadoda esizayo ukuba athole lula ukufumana ulwimi nabasetyhini.

Khawuthande abafana kwaye ungalibali ukubanika ububele bakho. Ungabi neentloni ngale mvakalelo, kwaye ke ekukhuliseni kwindoda ezayo awuyi kuba neengxaki.

I-Psychology yemfundo yabantombazana

Ukuze ungenzi iimpazamo kwaye ungayifumani imbobo eyi-grey, enokuma kuphela kwi-plate, khumbula imigaqo ethile ebalulekileyo:

1. Isizathu esona sizathu sokuba intombazana ikhule ibe yinto evuyokileyo, ukuzola kunye nokuzithemba kukuxhaswa kwabazali kunye nokwethemba. Umntwana oqinisekileyo ukuba ngexesha elinzima abazali baya kukwazi ukunqoba yonke into ephambili.
2. Kukho iimeko xa abazali befuna inkwenkwe okanye kwintsapho sele sele ineminyaka engama-100 ubudala kwaye inomntwana uzalwa ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba intombazana ayikwazi ukukhutshwa njengenkwenkwana. Musa ukuba novila ukuze utshintshe indlela yakho yokuzalwa komntwana, ngaphandle koko umntwana uya kutshabalaliswa iingxaki ekuzifezekiseni kunye nokuqhagamshelana nabanye.
3. Ukuphuhlisa kwintombazana yakhe iitalente kunye neetalente zendalo. Ufundise ubuhle nokuvisisana kwakhe, umdumise kwaye uphinde umhle kangakanani. Ephakanyisiwe ngale ndlela, le ntombazana iya kukwazi ukuba yodwa, ingqiqo kunye nobuhle. Akayi kukhangela umntu, abe nomona okanye ahlupheke ngenxa yokungabikho kwamadoda ebomini.
4. Ukuba ugqiba ukutyhola intombazana, musa ukuxelela yona ngaye. Kulungile uchaze ukuba kutheni ayenzileyo. Amantombazana akwazi ukuhlaziya iimpazamo zabo, kodwa xa uqala ukuhlambalaza, ngokokuba isiqhwithi somvakalelo wakho umntwana akayiqondi into ayimgxeka ngayo.
5. Onke amantombazana akwazi ukunyamekela. Bahlala bezama ukugqiba izinto ukuya ekupheleni. Musa ukugxotha ezi mpawu kumntwana. Ncedise izinto ezithandwayo kunye neengcamango.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izazi zengqondo ziqaphele ukuba abafana bafuna inkxaso eninzi, kwaye amantombazana ayadinga ukunakekelwa. Cinga oku kwaye uza kukwazi ukuvelisa ubuntu obumanyeneyo. Kwakhona, xa ufinyelela umntwana oneminyaka engama-12, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isini, ungayikhohlwa malunga neengqondo zezemfundo zentombazana. Kulo mbandela, kubhaliwe ezininzi izinto zokwakheka kwengqondo kunye nemfundo, kodwa kukufanele ukukhumbule into ephambili - ukuba ukususela kumncinane ukhulele umntwana kwindawo yokuthembela kunye nothando, kuya kuba lula ukuhamba ngeengcambu zexesha lesiguqulelo. Into efunekayo abazali ukuba bayenzeyo ihlawula ingqwalasela enkulu kubunjani bomntu osemtsha, ukwesaba kunye nexhala. Kule minyaka, akufanele ube ngabazali abaninzi, njengabahlobo, amaqabane kunye neqela elixhasa inkxaso. Xa ukuphambuka kancinci ekuziphatheni komntwana, kuyafaneleka ukubonisana nengcali yeengqondo, ngaphandle koko ubeka ingozi ekulahlekelweni ngaphandle kweso sihlandlo kunye noontanga baba ligunya lomntwana, kungekhona wena.

Imfundo ukususela kwinqanaba leengcinga zengqondo yintsebenziswano ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa komntu ohambelanayo. Imithetho ye-psyche idibaniswe ngokupheleleyo neendlela zokufundisa. Ngokomzekelo, ingqondo yengqondo ikudala ukuba ulandele utshintsho kwiimfuno zomntwana njengoko ikhula kwaye imilinganiselo yemfundo ihambelana nempembelelo kwezi zidingo. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba ufuna ukukhulisa umntwana kakuhle, musa ukulibala malunga ne-psyche yakhe ebuthathaka kunye nengxaki. Le nto iyona mfihlelo oyintloko yengqondo yezemfundo echanekileyo.