Iintsilelo zokuthetha

Ngokuqhelekileyo imbangela yokubonakala kweziphene ezithethayo kubantwana kukuphulaphula nokuchaneka kwamagama ngamazwi ngabantu abadala xa bethetha nomntwana. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba umntwana wokuqala ufunda kuwe, kwaye uqala ukuthetha kanye njengoko abantu abasondeleyo bambonisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iziphene zentetho zingabonwa kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 kuya kwe-5 ubudala, kuba nje ngeli xesha bazama ukuqonda iingcamango zabo ngamazwi.

Iintlobo zeziphoso zokuthetha

1. I-Dysphonia okanye i-aphonia -ukuphulwa kwefowuni, ngenxa yeenguqu zentsholongwane kwiimpahla zentetho.
2. Tahilalia - ijubane lentetho yokukhawuleza.
3. I-Bradiliya - yanciphisa intetho.
4. Ukubetha - ngenxa yesimo esiqhaqhayo semisipha yezinto zokuthetha, kukho ukuphulwa kwetem, isigqi kunye nokuchaneka kwentetho.
5. UDysplasia - ngeentetho eziqhelekileyo kunye nenkulumo eyakhiwe ngokufanelekileyo, umntwana unesiphene sefonti.
6. I-Rinolalia - ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-anatomical yeefowuni zentetho, kukho i-defect kwisigxina sezwi nesandi.
7. I-Dysarthria - ngenxa yokungabikho komsebenzi wemisipha edibanisa izixhobo zentetho kunye nenkqubo yesantya ephakathi, kubakho ukuphulaphulwa kwegama lokuchazwa.
8. I-Alalia - ngenxa yengozi yomonakalo kwimimandla yentetho ye-cortex ye-cerebral, ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo okanye ukungaphuhliswa kwentetho kumntwana kubonwa.
9. I-Aphasia yintetho epheleleyo okanye ilahlekileyo yentetho, eyenzeka ngenxa yesiphumo sengqondo yengingqi.

Indlela yokulungisa iziphene zentetho kumntwana?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqwalasela le ngxaki ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukuchonga ukuba ngaba umntwana wakho unokuphulwa kweso sixhobo sithetha kuphela umlomo wengcali. Ukulungiswa kweziphene zentetho kubantwana kuqhutyelwa ngokubodwa kwaye, okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukupheliswa kwezinto ezibangela ukuphulwa. Abazali nabantwana kufuneka babe nomonde, kuba umphumo ophumeleleyo uxhomekeke ekunyamezelweni nasekuqhelekeni kweeklasi. Ukuba umntwana wakho unegama elingafanelekanga ngesandi esisodwa, isiphumo asiyi kudala ukuza kwaye uya kulawula iiseshoni ezininzi ngeengcali zomlomo. Kodwa kwimeko apho i-defective speech ihambelana nokuphambuka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana, kuya kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezintandathu.

Ukuzivocavoca ukulungisa iziphene zentetho kumntwana

Sinikela ingqalelo kwimisebenzi emininzi eya kunceda umntwana wakho aphumelele ngegama lokubethela ikhwelo (c, s, q), ukuxhaphaza (w, w, x, s), kunye neeleta l kunye p:

• i-tubule - enezinyo ezivaliweyo, umntwana kufuneka awandise imilomo yakhe ngendlela yebhubhu, ngokubanzi kunokwenzeka;
• indebe - vula umlomo wakho ngokubanzi kwaye unamathele ulwimi lwakho, unike umlo we "indebe", yibambe kule ndawo ngokubala ukuya ku-5;
• idrama - ukuvula umlomo kunye nesichulo seelwimi ngokukhawuleza ukubetha emva kwamazinyo aphezulu, ngoko ukubiza isandi "д-д-д ...";
• ukuxhaphaza amazinyo - vula umlomo wakho kunye nefuthe lolwimi lwakho ukuhamba ngomnye ngeenyawo eziphezulu kunye nezantsi; Ukuzivocavoca ukuphinda amaxesha amaninzi;
• ukudibanisa okumnandi - ukumncinciza kancane kancane umlomo wakhe, ukukhahlela umlomo wakhe ophezulu ngolwimi olubanzi, ngelixa umhlathi ophantsi kufuneka uhlale ungenasimo.