I-Sternary puncture enye yeendlela zokufunda umongo wethambo, owenziwa ngokubethelwa kwindonga yangaphambili ye-sternum. Umnkantso we-Bone yinxalenye ephambili ye-hematopoiesis, okuyi-soft mass egcwalisa amathambo zonke izikhala ezingahlali kunye namathambo esithambo.
Izibonakaliso zokutshatyalaliswa kwangaphandle
I-sternary puncture iyenziwa ekuxilongweni kwezifo zesistim ejikelezayo kwaye inikeza ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nokuchazwa kwesifo. Le nkqubo inokumiselwa ukuba uyakrokra:
- leukemia;
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi ;
- mayelodysplastic syndromes;
- Isifo seGaucher;
- Isifo sikaKristuen-Schuller;
- leishmaniasis ye-visceral;
- i-metastase ye-tumor in the bone, njl njl
Ivumela ukuvavanya imeko esebenzayo yomnatha wethambo, ukubona iinguqu ezincinci kwinkqubo ye-hematopoiesis.
Ukulungiselela isigulane ngokugqithiswa kwangunaphakade
Ngomhla wokufunda, amanzi omguli kunye nokutya akufanele kutshintshwe. Inkqubo eyenziwa ingekho ngaphantsi kweeyure ezimbini emva kokutya kunye nesisu kunye nesisu sangenanto.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqhubise i-puncture, kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha onke amayeza, ngaphandle kwamayeza abalulekileyo. Kwakhona ngalo mhla, nayiphi na enye inyathelo lezokwelapha kunye nokuxilongwa.
Isigulane kufuneka sichaze uhlobo kunye nenkqubo yenkqubo, inike ulwazi malunga neengxaki ezinokwenzeka. Emva koko, imvume yesigulane inikezelwa ukugqitywa.
Inkqubo yangasese yokugquma
Ukugqithiswa kwentsipho yethambo kungenziwa kwisetyenziselwano sokugula:- Ukunyanzelisa kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo kwindawo yesigulane elele emhlane. Kuba inkqubo yokungapheliyo yangasese iyasetyenziswa inaliti ekhethekileyo-inaliti yeKassirsky. Yona inaliti emfutshane ene-tubular ene nut ekulinganiseni ubunzulu bokucwiliswa (ukuphepha ukulimala kwengozi kumalungu omzimba), i-mandrel (intonga yokuvala i-lumen yenaliti), kunye nesibambiso esisusekayo esilungisa ukugqithiswa.
- Isayithi lokuqhawula isifo siphuculelwa ngesisombululo sotywala kunye ne-iodine.
- I-anesthesia eqhubekayo yenziwa - njengomgaqo, isisombululo se-2% se-novocaine sisetyenziswa. Ngethuba leenkqubo zokuqhawula, kunokuthi kube neentlupheko zentlungu xa ukubhoboza nokudweba umongo weethambo kwisirinji, ngokuthelekiswa nesirya eqhelekileyo.
- Ukugqithwa kwenziwa ngentshukumo yokujikeleza ngokukhawuleza kweseva lika Kassirsky (kunye negunya lifakwe) kunye nomgca ophakathi kwinqanaba lesibini le-intercostal. Xa inaliti idlula kwinqanaba le-cortical substance kwaye ingena kwindawo ye-medullar, uvakalelo olucacileyo lokungaphumeleli luvela. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na into engathandabuzekiyo yokuba ingaba inaliti ingene emnzini wethambo, isheke kunye nefuthe lwenziwa.
- Isirinji sinamathele kwinaliti emva kokuba i-mandrene isuswe kwaye malunga ne-0.2 ukuya kwi-0.3 ml ye-bone yomongo. Emva koko, inaliti isuswe kwi-sternum, kwaye ibhanti engumzimba isetyenziselwa kwisayithi yokuqhawula kwaye ichaneke ngokubambelela kwipente.
- Isampuli sokumiswa komnkantso ofunyenweyo ufakwe kwisitya sePetri, ama-swabs alungiselelwe kwisilayidi, emva koko
zihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Ukuhlolisiswa kwe-morphology kunye nokubalwa kwamathambo esele amathambo.
Iingxaki zokugqithiswa kwangunaphakade
Imiphumo emibi yokugqithiswa kwangunaphakade ingaba yinkqubo ye-sternum yokumiswa kunye nokuphuma kwi-site. Ngokugqithisa kunokwenzeka kakhulu kwinkqubo yomntwana ngenxa yokwanda kwe-sternum kunye nokunyanzeliswa komntwana. Ukulumka kufuneka kusetyenziswe xa kuqhutywe izigulane ezithatha i-corticosteroids ende (ixesha elide ngenxa yokuba ziyakwazi ukuba ne- osteoporosis ).