Kuza kubekho, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokufumanisa umdlavuza nakwiiyure zokuqala. Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kwi-oncology akuvumelekanga kuphela ukufumanisa ukuba i-tumor ivela emzimbeni, kodwa kwakhona ukuseka indawo yayo, ubudala kunye nezinye iimpawu.
Yintoni eyenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kwi-oncology?
Kwenzeka ukuba umntu unikele ngegazi ngokuhlalutya ngokubanzi ukujonga isantya, kunye nebhubhoratri iye yafumana ukuthunyelwa kwi-oncologist. Inyani kukuba ukubala kwegazi ngenxa yezifo ze-oncological guquka kakhulu kwaye oku kuya kubonakala nangona isifundo esilula kakhulu. Inyaniso yokuba kukho isifo esibi okanye esinobuhlungu emzimbeni kuboniswa yizinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele:
- kwinqanaba lama-leukocyte egazini;
- isixa se-hemoglobin;
- ESR , oko kukuthi, isantya se-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte.
Ngolunye lwezinto ezizimeleyo kunye nazo zonke zizonke zingabonisa iingxaki zempilo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuseka ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo ngoncedo lwabo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ukukrokrelwa kwe-oncology, uvavanyo lwegazi lwekliniki luzaliswa ezinye iifundo.
Ukuhlalutya kwegazi nge-oncology
Akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa i-oncology, kodwa impendulo yalo mbuzo iyaziwa kubaqeshwa bezonyango. Ngokunyuka kwamazinga amhlophe egazi kwigazi, ngokukhawuleza kwe-PSB kunye ne-hemoglobin ephantsi, nawuphi na ugqirha uya kukubhalela isilathiso se-biochemical test test. Ukuchazwa kwaloo vavanyo lwegazi ngenxa ye-oncology kunzima kakhulu, kodwa kukuvumela ukuba uchane ngokuchanekileyo ukuba yiliphi iqumrhu elichaphazelekayo kwaye ulandelelanise ukuguqulwa kokukhula kwesisu. Izibonakaliso zokuhlaziywa kwegazi kwi-oncology zinokuthi zibe neefowuni ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zizinto ezizodwa eziveliswa ngumzimba ngokusabela kwisifo esibi. Kwaye kwilungu ngalinye lomzimba wethu, abanomdlavuza abanomdla banezakhiwo ezikhethekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo yiprotheni, umlinganiselo wayo egazini kuwo wonke ubomi uphenduka kancane, kodwa ngomhlaza, olu tshintsho lubukhali kakhulu.
Nantsi iindidi eziphambili zabaqhubi bee-oncomarkers:
- I-REA yindlela yokuhlambalaza izidumbu kunye neemastastases zazo kwimiphunga, amathumbu, isibindi, isisu, izilonda zentlanzi, i-gall bladder nezinye izitho.
- I-CA 19-9 ngummakishi womhlaza we-pancreatic.
- I-PSA yintloko yomhlaza womhlaza wesifo somhlaza.
- I-CA 15-3 yi-carcinoma ye-breast carcinoma.
- I-Beta-hCG yinkampani ye-cancer ye-embryonic (nephroblastoma neuroblastoma).
- I-CA-125 ngummakishi womhlaza we-ovari.
- I-AFP ngummakishi womhlaza wesifo somhlaza.
Igazi lale mvavanyo lithathwe kwi-vein akukho ngaphambili kweeyure eziyi-8 emva kwesidlo sokugqibela. Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa, kuyimfuneko ukulandelela izinga labaqhubi bee-dynamics. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, emva kweentsuku eziyi-3-4, i-reanalysis idlalwa rhoqo. Ngamanye amaxesha isithuba phakathi kokungena kwegazi sinokude.
Ngoncedo lwe-biochemical test test for theircomers, idilesi elandelayo ingatholakala:
- qi niseka ukuphumelela kwemitha kunye ne-chemotherapy;
- ukucacisa ubukho bokukhula okutsha emzimbeni;
- ukuseka indawo ye-tumor kunye ne-metastase ngisho naseziqaleni zokuqala;
- ukuseka izinga lokukhula kwe-tumor kunye ne-metastases;
- ukubala ukubikezela.
Emva kokuba le nkcazelo ifundwe ngokucacileyo, isigulane sinikwe ukuba senze i-MRI ukuba ifumane umfanekiso opheleleyo wendalo kunye ne-metastase, ukuba ikhona. Ezi ngxaki zomdlavuza njenge- lymphoma okanye i-leukemia zizimisele kuphela ngokuhlalutya kwegazi, akunakwenzeka ukuzilungisa ngokubonakalayo kwi-MRI. Izifundo ezongezelelweyo ziquka ukufaka iiseli ezigqithisiweyo ngokuthe ngqo kwi-tumor ukubala ngokuchanekileyo ukwakhiwa kweziyobisi zamakhemikhali.