I-Glucocorticoids zihlobo lweehomoni eziveliswa ngenxa yomsebenzi we-correnx ye-adrenal. Enye yamahomoni yi-cortisone, ebudeni bentsholongwane yesibindi iphendukela kwenye i-hormone-hydrocortisone (cortisol). I-Cortisol yimi hormone edumileyo kwaye ibalulekileyo yomzimba womntu. Amachiza asekelwe kula ma hormone asetyenziswe ukususela kwi-40 yekhulu lokugqibela.
Iintlobo zeehomoni zokwenziwa
Okwangoku, ngaphezu kwe-glucocorticoids yemvelo, kukho inani lamachiza, eziphambili kwiimhonononi zokwenziwa, ezahlula zibe zimbini iintlobo:
- i-fluxinated (dexamethasone, betamethasone, njl);
- engekho i-fluorinated (prednisone, prednisolone).
Zibonakaliswe ngempumelelo xa kudla umthamo ophantsi. Ukongezelela, i-glucocorticoids ifuthe i-glucocorticoids inezona ziphumo eziphantsi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi-glucocorticoids
Ukulungiselela kunye nomxholo we-glucocorticoids, isetyenziselwa inani elincinci lezifo ezibi, i-tk. zineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni.
Iimpawu zexesha eliqhelekileyo zokumisela izibisi zeli qela zi:
- i-asthma ye-bronchial ;
- i-rheumatoid arthritis;
- leukemia;
- mononucleosis;
- izifo zesikhumba (dermatitis, eczema);
- ukukhulelwa kwegazi;
- pneumonia;
- zifo;
- pancreatitis;
- hepatitis.
Indlela yokuchaswa ayinakuqondwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa umphumo wokusetyenziswa kwe-glucocorticoids ingaba yintsholongwane, i-immunoregulating, i-anti-allergen, i-anti-shock. Ukulungiselelwa kukhutshwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:
- u kuphula;
- iipilisi;
- lotions;
- mafutha;
- umkhuhlane we-injection kunye ne-inhalation.
Uluhlu lwezilwanyana-glucocorticoids
Uludwe lweendlela ezinjalo lukhulu kakhulu. Eyona edume kakhulu kwaye iyasebenza:
- I-Cortisone-ithatha inxaxheba kwiyeza lokufaka indawo;
- I-Prednisolone - amaxesha amane asebenzayo ngakumbi kune Hydrocortisone;
- I-Prednisone - ayikhuthazwa kwiingxaki zesibindi;
- I-Methylprednisolone - ifanelekileyo kunyango lwezigulane ezinobungulu, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, izilonda;
- I-Triamcinolone - inefuthe elingaphezulu kune-prednisolone, eneempembelelo ezichazwe kwiimisipha kunye nesikhumba;
- I-Dexamethasone iyilungiselelo elifanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa kwexesha elifutshane;
- I-Betamethasone yisilwanyana esiseduze ku-dexamethasone.
Imiphumo emibi ye-glucocorticoids
Ukufumana ubuninzi beempawu zonyango ezilungileyo, i-glucocorticoids ayinayo imiphumo engathandekiyo. Kungoko bahlala beqeshwe njengezifundo ezimfutshane okanye zisetyenziswe kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Ukulungiswa kweqela le-glucocorticoids kunokubangela ukuphendula okungafunekiyo okulandelayo:
- i-osteoporosis, i-headset necrosis;
- ukuhlukana kwamathambo;
- ukunciphisa isikhumba somzimba;
- ukubonakala kwemida, ukunqumla, ukubola;
- ukwanda komzimba;
- ukuphulwa kombuso wengqondo;
- iswekile;
- ukuvimbela ubusuku;
- ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokugaya (isophagitis, isisu kunye nokuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini).
- izifo zonyango (i- glaucoma , i-cataract).