Umthi wekhofi - njani ukunyamekela isityalo esingaqhelekanga?

Imithi yokucobisa ikhofi ingaveliswa ngempumelelo kwiimeko zegumbi, ngokunyamekela okuvela kwinqaba, nokuba kube nokuvunwa okuncinci kwezabelo ezixabisekileyo. Into ephambili kukuba sifunde indlela yokunyamekela isityalo esitshatyalaliswa rhoqo sitshalo ukuze sikwazi ukudala imo ekhulayo yendawo yokuhlala.

Indlela yokukhulisa umthi wekhofi ekhaya?

Ilizwe lalo mthi wekofi yi- Ethiopia , emva kokusasaza kwesiselo esiphukayo, esi sityalo esivela kwintsapho yamaMarenovs sancinci ngokubanzi kwiplanethi kuzo zonke iindawo ezifudumele. Ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwesi siqhelo, ukushisa okuphakathi kwe-18 ° C-22 ° C kuyadingeka. Ukukhula kwemifuno yekhofi ekhaya kuyinto eyinyani. Kwindlu leyo ikhula ukuya kumitha engama-2, ngoko kunenzuzo yokutyala iintlobo ezincinane ukuya kutsho kwisiqingatha-mitha, umzekelo, uNana.

Indlela yokutyala umthi wekhofi ekhaya?

Ikhofi yegumbi ebhodweni ingatyalwa ukusuka kwimbewu okanye kwiinqununu. Kwimeko yesibini, isityalo siphucula kangcono, kodwa akunakwenzeka njalo ukuba umgadi wegadi oqhelekileyo afumane imveliso yokulima. Ngembewu kukho ubunzima, bafuna ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo ngaphambi kokuba batyalwe kwaye baphumele ngokukhawuleza ukuhluma. Ukugcina izinto emva kokugcina ixesha elide kaninzi aluhlumi.

Ukulima imbewu yekhofi:

1. Iziphumo ezilungileyo zifunyenwe ngokusebenzisa imbewu ezithathwe ngqo kumthi.
2. Kuyimfuneko ngoncedo lwenotshi okanye i-nag ukutshabalalisa igobolondo eqinile ngaphambi kokufika. Abanye balimi bancwina i-crust crust ngokunyuka kwi-hydrochloric acid.
3. Ngaphezulu, imbewu ixutywe kwi-stimulator ("Epin").
4. Ikhofi yokutyala ebhodweni kwindawo ekhanyayo, ukuxhoma ingqolowa kumhlaba wecala ungaphantsi kwe-1 cm.
5. Ubushushu bokuhluma buyi-20 ° C.

Ukucinywa kweekhofi:

1. Kubalulekile ukuthatha amasebe angama-apical kunye namabini amabini amaphecana.
2. Ukusuka ngezantsi, senza iinqununu kwi-angle ye-2 cm ngaphantsi kweentso.
3. Sifaka isiqu kwisigcawu sezintso zokuqala.
4. Yakha i-greenhouse encinci, igubungele ibhokhwe ngesitya sembewu.
5. Sigcina umhlaba unomswakama.
6. I-callus kwokhuni ibonakala emva kwenyanga nesiqingatha.

Umhlaba wefowuni

Kuphawulwe ukuba umthi wekhofi ukhula kakuhle kwi-substrate kunye nokuphendula okubuthathaka. Ukuba awukwazi ukulungela indawo, unokuzilungiselela. Ngaphantsi kwebhodlo sibeka umgca wekhwalithi, siwufefe phezulu kunye ne-sphagnum moss. Icandelo lokugqibela lidla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-floriculture, linceda kwisitya sokugcina nokulawula umgangatho wobuncwane, ubambe i-salts engaphezulu.

Umhlaba ngomthi wekhofi:

1. Umhlaba we-sod ufikelela kuma-40%.
2. Isiseko sokuqala samaphepha - 30%.
3. I-Lowland peat - malunga ne-10%.
4. UMlambo uhlambulule isanti - ukuya kuma-20%.

Unganisela njani umthi wekhofi?

Kulo mbuzo malunga nokuba kaninzi kangakanani ukusela umthi wekhofi, uhambelana nemimiselo eyamkelekileyo. Akunqunyelwe ukusebenzisa umbane ngexabiso eliphezulu le-lime, ngoko ihlala ihlanjululwa kwaye ikhuselwe. Inketho enkulu yekhofi yimilambo ehlambulukileyo, kwaye ebusika, amanzi ancibilikiweyo, kufuneka atshiswe ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa kwegumbi (ukuya kuma-30 ° C -35 ° C). Ehlobo, ukuthambisa kuqhutyelwa kaninzi, ebusika - kanye ngeveki, kungavumeli ukunyuka komhlaba ongaphezulu kwe-1 cm.

Ukongezwa komthi wekhofi ekhaya

Amathambo afakwa kwi-pot kunye neentsuku ezili-15, ukuze umhlaba ungaphantsi. Abaninzi bafumana isichumisi esinzima kwi-coffee tree ngendlela yokulungiselela iintyatyambo kunye neeritrus. I-slurry efanelekileyo, ihlanjululwe 1:15. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukupakisha umxube weqabunga nge-urea kunye ne-manganese, ukwenza isisombululo kwisilinganiselo se-1 g / 1 l yamanzi. Ebusika, izondlo ezongezelelweyo ziyancitshiswa ubuncinci.

Umthi wekhofi, njani ukutshala?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwenza isiqithi sokuhlobisa ukunika isithsaba esiluhlaza iintlobo ezifunekayo. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-seedling, unokucoca umgangatho wokukhula kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-20 cm, emva kweentsuku ezingama-20-25, iifom zokulala ziza kuvusa kwaye izihlumela zokhuselo ziya kukhula. Ngokomgaqo ohlukileyo, umthi wekhofi owenziwe kwi-cuttings ulungiswa. Izitampu kwizityalo ezinjalo ziphantsi, kwaye isithsaba siyingcipheko. Kunconywa ukuba ukudubula okuphambukayo kubambene nenkxaso de kube yomelele kwaye ifinyelele ukuphakama kwesiqingatha semitha. Ukuhlaziywa kweentlobo ezineminyaka eyi-8 nangaphezulu.

Ukuhlaziywa kwesihlahla somthi wekhofi:

1. Isithsaba sinqunyulwa, sishiya isitshixo ngeendidi ezininzi zokulala.
2. Isilonda somthi wekhofi sigubungelwe ngomlilo.
3. Kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshwe ihlathini emva kokuhlaziywa ngokucoca kwisitsha esitsha.
4. Emva kweentsuku ezili-10, kunokwenzeka ukuba kugcinwe ukubonakala kwemifuno ephucukileyo kwimibhobho yokulala.
5. Kwiindawo ezivuthayo, ungashiyi ngaphezu kwe-5-7, kunye nokusikwa okuseleyo.

Imifuno yefowuni eqaqambileyo ekhaya

Izityalo ezincinci zihlala ziqhakaza phambi kweminyaka engama-4 ubudala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iifom zokuqala zakhiwa entwasahlobo, xa iintyatyambo ezimhlophe zekhephu ezimhlophe zinephunga le-jasmine zivela kwi-axils yamagqabi. Zininzi izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba kutheni umthi wekhofi ungaqhakazi:

1. I-nitrogen engaphezulu kwengubo ephezulu.
2. Ukungabi ne potassium emhlabeni.
3. Ibhokhwe ifakwe kwindawo epholileyo.
4. Isityalo sisoloko sivala kwiibhetri eziseduze kwaye zihlala kwindawo eyomileyo.

Kukho indlela yokuvuselela ukutsalwa komthi wekhofi ngokuguqula isiqithi ngexesha elithile. Kwinyanga kunye nesiqingatha, intyatyambo idluliselwa kwindawo eneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa kunye nomswakama, ngokunciphisa ngamabomu umthamo wokuchumisa. Ngamanye amaxesha ukusika izikhwebu, ukulungiselela imeko yokuxinzelela. Emva kweenyanga ezi-2-3, igumbi lekhofi libuyiselwa kwimeko eqhelekileyo kwaye ivelise i-phosphoric-potassium dressing top.

Indlela yokutshintshela umthi wekhofi ekhaya?

Uneminyaka engama-3 ubudala, ukutshala ikhofi ekhaya kuya kwenziwa ngonyaka, kwiibhasi ezidala - kunye nexesha eli-2 leminyaka. Ubumbano kufuneka ukuba uthengwe phezulu, umhlaba usetyenziswa ngokusabela okubuthakathaka kwe-asidi esekelwe kwi-peat ephantsi, isanti kunye ne-humus. Ngethuba lo msebenzi, iingcambu zihlambulukile ngokucokisekileyo kwihlabathi elidala. Phakathi komhlaba kunye nomlambo kunqweneleka ukulungiselela umculi we-sphagnum moss. Ekupheleni kokufakelwa, faka isitya kunye nomthi kwindawo enomthunzi uze uyichithe rhoqo.

Umthi wekhofi-ukunakekelwa ekhaya, izifo

Kwindlu, izityalo zasekhaya zihlala zihlushwa zizifo ezahlukeneyo okanye ngenxa yokuphulwa kwemithetho yokulima. Ukuba ubona ukuqala kwesifo somthi wekhofi ngexesha, imeko ingalungiswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isondlo esongezelelweyo ngexesha elongezelelweyo kunye nezinto ezifunekayo, ukutsalwa, isisombululo seengxaki ngokukhanyisa kunye nomswakama. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukutshatyalaliswa kweefesi zekhofi zifumana ezi zifo zilandelayo:

1. Ukuwa kwamagatsha - kungenzeka xa ujika isithsaba ngeenxa zonke okanye uguqula indawo yokukhanya.
2. Ukusuleleka kwe-Fungal - umonakalo ngotshani kunye ne-spotting, kunceda ukunyanga unyango ngamafungicides.
3. Ukuwa kwamaqabunga ngenxa yokulimala kwebhaktheriya xa kwenzeka umonakalo kwi-trunk. Kubalulekile ukucoca isilonda kwaye usebenzise isisombululo se-sulphate yethusi.
4. Umzila wokubola - senza utshintsho lomhlaba.
5. Izinambuzane ezinobungozi - kwi-scabbard ne-spider mite, zichaphazela ukuqhutyelwa kwesithsaba ngesisombululo sesepha okanye ukusebenzisa imveliso ye-biological-toxic (Aktofit, Fitoverm).
6. Indlala yesitrogen - idinga ukuqaliswa kwezichumisi ezinzima okanye i-slurry ehlanjululwayo.
7. Ukuhamba okuhambayo-ukuzila ukudla, ukunyanga komthi wekhofi kusetyenziswa isisombululo se-superphosphate (7 g / 1 l yamanzi).
8. Amahlamvu aluhlaza kunye nokuwa kwe-buds - le ngxaki iholele kwindlala ye-potassium, usebenzisa i-extra-dressing extract from ash ash.