I-anesthesia engenakulinganiswa yenziwe ngokukodwa ngokusungulwa kwezidakamizwa zonyango, isimo sokuvimba isistim se-central central, apho ingqondo iyacinywa, izihlunu ze-squelette ziphumle, ezinye iingcamango zibuthathaka okanye zivaliwe, kwaye ubuhlungu bobubele bulahleka. I-Anesthesia isetyenziselwa ukungenelela.
I-anesthesia engenayo isebenza njani?
Inzuzo ephambili ye-intravenous, ngokuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo ze-anesthesia jikelele, isenzo sayo esiphuthumayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwesigaba sokuzonwabisa. Kwaye kwakhona-ukuphuma ngokukhawuleza kwesigulane kwilizwe elingenalo ulwazi.
Ngokomyinge, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesilwanyana esisetyenzisiweyo, umthamo owodwa weyeza unyango unika ukuya kwiminithi engama-20 yokungazi. Ngoko ke, ngexesha lokusebenza kwexesha elide kunye nokusetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwe-anesthesia, ukuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza kweziyobisi zonyango kwenziwa rhoqo ukuze kugcinwe imeko yesigulane.
Ukuthatha i-anesthesia enjalo yinkqubo enobulungisa kwimigangatho yobugcisa, umphumo wokukhawuleza nokuthembekileyo ufezekisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, akayinikezeli ukuphumla kwemisipha epheleleyo, kwaye umngcipheko wokugqithisa ukwedlula xa ufaniswa ne-anesthesia ye-inhalation. Ngoko ke, kwimisebenzi efuna i-anesthesia ende, i-intravenous ayifuni isetyenziswe njenge-mononarcosis (i-single). Ngokuqhelekileyo, udibaniso lweendidi ezininzi ze-anesthesia zisetyenzisiweyo, apho i-intravenous isetyenziswe njengesilumkiso sokuzisa isigulane esingenanto, sithatha isigaba sokuvusa.
Iinkcazo kunye nokuchaswa kwe-aneshesia
Izibonakaliso zokusetyenziswa kwe-aneshesia zinokuthi naziphi na iimfuno ezifuna ukuxakeka ngokukhawuleza okanye ukucwangciswa kokungenelela okucwangcisiweyo. Ukukhethwa kwe-anesthesia ye-intravenous inikezelwa kwimeko yokusebenza engathathi ixesha elide.
Ukuchasana okungekho mthethweni kwi-aneshesia kwimeko yoxakeko oluphuthumayo. Ukuba isigulane sidinga ukusebenza ukuze sisindise ubomi, kuya kwenziwa ngokukhetha iindlela ezininzi zokuthabatha kunye nokuqwalasela iimeko ezizodwa zeemeko zakhe.
Kwimeko yeenkqubo ezicwangcisiweyo, ukuchaswa kwi-anesthesia engenazo zilandelayo:
- ukuphulwa kwentliziyo (i-myocardial infarction, ukususela ekuqaleni kokuphuhliswa okudlulileyo ngaphantsi kwenyanga, angina engaqinisekiyo okanye u-angina ozinzile kwizinga eliphezulu, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ukungaphazamiseki kwentliziyo);
- izifo ezinengqondo ezinzulu;
- Izifo ezithintekayo zendlela yokuphefumula (i-pneumonia, i-bronchitis okanye i-bronchitis engapheliyo kwisigaba esichukumisayo, ukunyuka kwe-asthma ye-bronchial);
- izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Kwakhona kwisinye isilwanyana esithile esisetyenziselwa i-aneshesia, kukho uluhlu lweengqinisiso.
Ukulungiswa kwe-aneshesia
Ukuze i-anesthesia engena-intravenous, i-barbiturates kunye ne-derivatives zayo zisetyenzisiweyo:
- viadryl;
- ukuhlaziya;
- i-oxybutyrate ye-sodium;
- ketamine.
Makhe siqwalasele iimpawu zabo:
- Iibharbiturates (i-thiopental ye-sodium, i-hexanol, i-metahexitone). Olu hlobo lwezilwanyana lusetyenziselwa i-anesthesia esisiseko. Imiphumo emibi ekhoyo inokuquka ukucinezelwa komsebenzi wokuphefumula kunye nenhliziyo.
- Ketamines. Inzuzo yale michiza kukuba ayinayo impembelelo ebonakalayo yokuthintela kwimimoya yokuphefumula kunye nenhliziyo, ngoko ke ingasetyenziselwa i-anesthesia yokuqala kunye nesiseko. Xa uphuma i-anesthesia, izigulana zinokufumana i-hallucinations, ukulungelelanisa ukusebenzisana.
- Viadryl, propanidide, i-oxybutyrate ye-sodium. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulu i-anesthesia yokuqala, ngokunxulumene nezinye iindlela.
Iimpembelelo ze-aneshesia
Emva kokuphuma kwi-anesthesia, izigulane ziyakwazi ukugcina:
- isicupunu, ukuhlanza;
- intloko kunye nesisu;
- ukuphosa;
- iziphambano zomzimba zengqondo;
- ukudideka kunye nokuvinjelwa;
- ukungahambi kakuhle kwemilenze;
- iingcamango ;
- izifo zokulala.
Imiphumo enjalo ihlala yesikhashana ize iphele iintsuku ezingama-2-3.