Esi sifo sithathwa njengexesha elibalulekileyo lokuqala kwesifo senhliziyo senhliziyo, esibonakaliswe ngenyameko ephezulu ye-myocardial infarction okanye ukufa. I-angina engaqinisekanga ihamba kunye nenkqubela yokutshintsha kwimo kunye nendawo yokuhlaselwa kwe-angina. Ukubonakaliswa kwentsholongwane kukuvumela ukuba siqwalasele njengento ephakathi kwe- infyoction ye- myocardial kunye ne-angina pectoris, kodwa iqondo le-ischemia alaneleyo ukwenza i-myocardial necrosis.
Ulwahlulo oluzinzileyo nolunokungaqiniseki
I-stable angina pectoris ephuma kumthwalo othile ngokomzimba. Ngokomzekelo, isigulane siyayazi ukuba uya kuziva aphile, emva kokuhamba isiqingatha kwikhilomitha. Kwakhona uyazi ukuba kunokwenzeka ukunqoba intlungu yesifo ngokuthatha nitroglycerin.
Ubungqineko bekhosi engaqinisekiyo ye-angina kukuba iimpawu zayo ziyakubonakala xa umntu esesimweni esisigxina, kwaye kuthatha iipilisi ezimbini ze-nitroglycerin aziyi kunceda ukulahla intlungu. Le fomu yesifo iquka i-angina, eyafunyanwa kuqala.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ifomu elingaqinisekiyo lesi sifo yimeko ebekwe ngaphambili . Ngoko ke, emva kwe-angina pectoris, nokuba yi-convalescence okanye i-myocardial infarction inokwenzeka.
I-angina ipectoris engaqinisekiyo - isigaba
Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kuqwalasela esi sifo kusetyenziswa ukuhlengahlengiswa kweBraunwald, owathi wafumana izigaba ezintathu zokuphuhliswa kwesifo. Kule meko, ephakamileyo kwiklasi, kungenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ubunzima beengxaki:
- Ukubonakala kwemiboniso yokuqala ye-angina engaqinisekanga yokuxhatshazwa kweenyanga ezimbini.
- I-angina yokuphumla, ephazamisayo kwinyanga yonke ngaphandle kweeyure ezingama-48 zokugqibela.
- Ifom elula ye-angina kwiiyure ezingama-48 zokugqibela.
Izimpawu ezingabonakaliyo ze-angina
Esi sifo sihamba kunye nokuhlaselwa, kodwa xa ulungisa i-anamnesis, unokwazi ukubona iimpawu zokungaqhubeki kakuhle kwe-angina:
- Ukwandiswa kwamanqanaba okuthintela kunye nokutshintsha kwimeko yekhosi yabo, eyabonwa kwiinyanga ezimbini zokugqibela;
- ukuvela kwamatye ebusuku kunye nokuphumla;
- malunga nokuqala kokuzibonakalisa i-angina kubonakala kukuthintela;
- ngaphambili kuncedwa i-nitroglycerin yalahlekelwa yimpumelelo yayo.
Unyango lwe-angina engaqinisekanga
Ukufumanisa iimpawu zesifo kubonelela ngokukhawuleza ukulala esibhedlele. Izigulane zinqunywe i-ECG, umnikelo wegazi ukuhlalutya, ukuhamba kwe-myocardial scintigraphy. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwonyango kufuneka ibe phantsi kweliso elilindileyo loogqirha.
Unyango lwe-pathology luquka ukuphulukiswa kwentlungu, ukuthintela impawu ezintsha ze-angina engaqinisekanga kunye nokushaywa kwe-myocardium. Ekubeni isisifo sesi sihlandlo sisoloko sitshabalalisa i-plaque eyenziwe ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis kunye nophuhliso lwe-thrombus, isigulane sino-aspirin, i-beta-blockers, i-nitrate.
Ama-nitrate asetyenziswa ngokususela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngoncedo lwabo, bandise imithanjeni, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olwenziwa ngama-ventricles. Ezi zinto nazo zinexabiso lokuxilisa i-coronary kunye nokukwazi ukukhusela ukubunjwa kwe-thrombi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-beta-adrenoreceptors kunokunciphisa inani leentsimbi ze-cardiac, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe imfuno ye-oksijini eyenziwa yi-myocardium. Kwakhona, isichengisiso sandisa ixesha lokuqhathaniswa kwe-coronary, okubangela ukuba kubekho ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwi-myocardium.
I-Aspirin inqanda umsebenzi we-cyclooxygenase, ekhokelela kwimveliso ye-thromboxane, into enesakhiwo se-vasoconstrictor. Emva kokusebenzisa i-aspirin, umngcipheko wokubunjwa kwe-thrombus unciphise.