Iziphambano zomzimba ezizibandakanya ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye zihamba nezikhundla ezingavumelekanga zengxenye yomzimba, umsebenzi ongenagqirha, onokuthi zichaphazele abantwana, kodwa ziphinde zenzeke kubantu abadala. I-muscular dystonia yintloko okanye idiopathic kwiimeko ezingama-90%. I-10% eseleyo ibhekiselele kwintlobo yesibini yokugula.
Izizathu ze-muscular dystonia syndrome
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isifo esicatshungulwayo kwifom yeprayimali sihlaselwa kwimvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo kwaye siqala ukuqhubela phambili ebuntwaneni.
I-dystonia yesibini inezizathu ezilandelayo:
- multiple sclerosis;
- ukukhubazeka kwesiberebhu;
- izidakamizwa zedystonic syndrome;
- encephalitis;
- Isifo sikaWilson-Konovalov ;
- pathologies;
- Isifo sikaHuntington;
- I-Gallerwarden-Spatz syndrome.
Iimpawu ze-muscular dystonia kubantu abadala
Impawu zokuqala zesifo ziquka:
- ukungaqhelekanga kweentlungu ezinemilenze;
- ukuqina kosizi;
- ukungonakali kokubhala ngesandla;
- ukuguquka kwentliziyo entanyeni;
- ukunyanzelwa kwemilenze emva kokuhamba okude kunye nokuzikhandla komzimba;
- ukukhawuleza rhoqo kwamehlo.
Kwixesha elizayo, ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswa kliniki:
- ukuthuthumela kwezandla nentloko;
- intlungu kwiimisipha kunye neenkampu ezinqabileyo;
- ukuxhomekeka kwentsholongwane (ukuguqulwa komgudu, i-plantar flexion, i-podvorachivanie i-stop);
- umqhubi wokuqhuba umqhubi osezantsi;
- ukuphambuka kwentloko nentamo kwinqanaba lasekunene nekhohlo;
- ukuphosa amehlo akho;
- ukunciphisa imisipha yokuhlafuna;
- Izwi elibi, isisithulu okanye elincinci;
- torticollis spasmodic;
- ukuthetha kakubi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba isifo esichazwayo sibhekisela kwizifo ezingenakuphilisa kwaye ziyaqhubeka ziqhubeka. Injongo yeempembelelo zokwelapha kukunciphisa iimpawu, ukuphucula umqhubi wemoto kunye nokuxolelwa okuzinzileyo kweentsholongwane.
Unyango lwe-muscular dystonia
Indlela edibeneyo yokuxazulula le ngxaki iquka:
Unyango olusisigxina (unyango). Ixhasa ukulawulwa kwee-dopaminergic, anticholinergic kunye ne-GABAergic iziyobisi ezijoliswe ekuqhelweni kweenkqubo eziqhelekileyo kwi-neurons. - Ukungena kwi-toxin ye-botulinum. Amancinci amancinci alo mzimba we-block block muscle, ukukhusela umzimba ukuba ungathathi izinto ezingaqhelekanga.
- Ukuvuselela ngokujulile kwengqondo ngokusebenzisa i-electrodes ezikhethekileyo.
- Imizimba ye-Physiotherapy, isethi yokuzivocavoca.
- Unyango lwamaxwebhu, ukuhlaziya.