I-Sopor ithathwa njengesifo sokukhubazeka, luhlobo olungaphumeleli lokuphulwa komntu olwenzekayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zeemeko kwaye lusondele kwi-coma. Le meko ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-subcoma, ifana nokulahlekelwa kunye nokulahlekelwa kwengqondo kwaye ithathwa njengento ephakathi phakathi kwe-syncope kunye ne-coma.
Sopor - yintoni na?
I-Sopor yinkxalabo yokukhusela ingqondo, xa umntu elahlekelwa amandla okuhamba, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo zonke iingcamango zihlala. Indoda ephosakeleyo imeko ayikwazi ukubonakalisa impendulo kwiimeko ezijikelezileyo, akakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elula kwaye uyayigatya nayiphi na umbuzo ebhekiswe kuye. Ukukhokela umntu ngaphandle kweli lizwe liyingxaki, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yeziphumo zentlungu ezinzima ngeendlela ze-tweaks, injections.
Izizathu zeSopor
Kwi-neurology, imeko edibeneyo ivela ngenxa yokuba:
- kushaya isisu;
- Ukulimala kwengqondo kubangelwa yimivimbo, ukubola, ukuxubusha, i-hematoma;
- ukungabikho, ukuphazamiseka, ukunyuka kwegazi;
- i-hydrocephalus;
- ukuvuvukala kwama-capillaries;
- Izifo ezithintekayo;
- epistatus;
- ukuphuka kwe-aneurysm.
Phakathi kwezinto ezibangela ukuxhamla izifo zingabonwa:
- i-uremia, ihamba kunye nokuqokelela ngokweqile kwiprothini yemveliso ye-metabolism;
- hyponatremia, ihamba kunye nokuncipha kwi-ioni ye-sodium egazini;
- ukungahambi kakuhle kunye nokungafihli ;
- umsebenzi we-thyroid wehla;
- isifo sikashukela.
Kwakhona, imeko enesifo soporific iyenzeka ngenxa ye-hypoxia, i-asphyxia, okanye ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-subcoma ibangelwa yinkathazo ephezulu yongxakini, ukushaywa kweshushu, i-hypothermia, i-sepsis, i-poisoning ne-toxins. Ubude baloo rhulumente bungathatha imizuzwana embalwa okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa.
Iimpawu zeDospora
Umbuso webhola ubonakaliswe yizinto ezilandelayo:
- Ukunciphisa impendulo ukucaphukisa, ngelixa ugcina iingcamango zokugwinya, ukuphefumla kunye ne-refnetic reflex.
- Ukunyuswa okungalawulwayo, kwiimeko zeklinikhi, ukumbombozela.
- Iintlanzi, ukuxhatshazwa kwentamo yentamo.
- Sitshintsha ekuveleleni kwesikhumba, ukukhubazeka kwamalungu, ukungazinzi kwamanye amaqela omzimba.
Utshintsho lweempendulo zengqondo lubangela ukuvela kwe:
- imivimbo ejikeleze amehlo;
- igazi okanye i-cerebrospinal fluid evela kwi-auricles;
- isiphumo esibukhali;
- izibazi emzimbeni, ziluma ulwimi;
- kwandisa ubushushu bomzimba.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-coma kunye ne-sopor?
Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunamadidi athile, phakathi kwabo i-sopor ihlala kwindawo ephakathi:
- Eyamangalisa xa izinga lokuqonda linciphisa, oonxibelelwano bezonxibelelwano abaphelelanga, ukuphendula ngokuziphatha kuphulwa. Iimpawu ezibangeleyo zibangela ukubonakala kwe-delirium, i-hallucinations, i-palpitations rhoqo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- I-Coma, ebonakala ngokungaqondi ngokupheleleyo. Kungaba mnene, xa iingcamango ezinzulu zihlala ziqhelekileyo. Umgangatho ophezulu we-coma ubonakaliswa ukungabikho kweengcamango, ukuxhomekeka komzimba, ukuphefumula okungapheliyo kunye nomsebenzi we-cardiovascular system. Kwinqanaba elidlulileyo le-coma, abafundi baxutywa, akukho mpendulo, yonke imisebenzi ebalulekileyo iphulwa.
Iqondo lezo zizwe njenge-sopor kunye ne-coma zichongiwe kusetyenziswa isilinganiselo esikhethekileyo seGlasgow, apho umphenduli ngamnye ubonakaliswa ngenani elithile lamanani. Amanqaku aphezulu anikezelwe xa kwenzeka ukuziphatha okuqhelekileyo, kwaye amanqaku aphantsi kakhulu anikezelwa ukungabikho kweengcamango. Ngubani oqinisekisiweyo ukuba amanqaku kwisikali se "Glasgow" ngamanqaku asibhozo okanye ngaphantsi. Ukuba sithetha malunga nokuba yiyiphi i-sopor, ukuphulwa kweengqondo kule meko kuyintlukwano ephakathi phakathi kokumangalisa kunye ne-coma.
Ixesha elide lokudibanisa lihlala ixesha elingakanani?
Ubungakanani benkqutyana yecandelo elincinci lugqitywe yimbangela ebangela ukuba le meko kunye neqondo lokulimala kwengqondo. Ngoko, umzekelo, ukuba ukugula kubangelwa ingqungquthela yengqondo, le meko inokuhlala emininzi imizuzu, nangona imeko apho imeko enjalo ihlala ngaphezu kwemizuzu ayiqhelekanga. I-sopor ejulile ibonakaliswe kukulahleka okukhulu kwengqondo , imeko apho umntu angakwazi ukuhoxiswa ngokukhawuleza emva kwemizamo ephindaphindiweyo yokugubha, ukunyanga okukhulu kunye neentlanzi.
Indlela yokufumana umntu ngaphandle kwe-sopor?
Ukuba kukho nayiphi na impawu zokulahleka kwesazi kubonakaliswe, ugqirha kufuneka adibane nangoko. Ukuchonga ngokucacileyo imeko edibeneyo, oogqirha bahlolisisa ukuhlalutya kwegazi, umchamo, ukuqhuba i-electroencephalography, i-MRI, i-Lumbar puncture. Ukuba kukho ukhathazeka, unonophelo lwengxamiseko lwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Xa ubuchopho bugqityiwe, ukusabalalisa i-cerebral kuphazamiseka, oogqirha bafaka isigulane embhedeni, bazise ii-agents ezenza i-déshydrating kunye ne-vasodilating.
- Ukuqhelanisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula kunye nokusabalalisa, ukuba kuyimfuneko, sichitha intubation.
- Ukuba kukho iimpawu zokulimala, intamo ingenakunyuswa ngokusebenzisa i-collar yomlomo.
Kubalulekile ukuqalisa okokuqala isizathu sokucinezelwa kwengqondo, oku kwenziwa kwiyunithi yokunyamekela, apho imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba ilawulwa kwaye igcinwa. Isigulane silawulwa ngenyameko onke amayeza afanelekileyo. Ekubeni isigulo sinokuhlala ixesha elide, kubalulekile ukunyamekela isigulane, ukwenza iinkqubo, ukukhusela ukulala kunye nezivumelwano.
Imiphumela yeSopor
Urhulumente ohlambalazayo ukuphela kokuphela kobunzima obungabonakaliyo bobuchopho. Emva kokuphuma kwe-sopor, kunokuvela imiphumo. Zixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwanele nokwanela kokunyamekela unyango. Ukuba i-subcomis ibangelwa uhlangothi olubi, kwiimeko ezininzi ziphela ngokufa kwesigulane. Ukuba, emva kweentsuku ezintathu emva kwe-myocardium, isigulane asizange siphendule abafundi, ukuphendulwa kwemoto kwintlungu, kwaye amathuba okuphumelela ayiphumelelanga.