Zonke iintlobo zezifo zegazi (i-hemorrhagic) yinto eqhelekileyo kwiyeza zanamhlanje. Phantse i-50% yamatyala yi-thrombocytopenic purpura, izizathu zazo zininzi kwaye azifani. Esi sifo sichaphazela umzimba naliphi na iminyaka.
Iinjongo ze-Thrombocytopenic purpura
Isifo seVerlhof okanye i-thrombocytopenic purpura, izizathu ezingaziwa kakuhle kude kube ngoku - into efunyenwe ngumsululwazi waseJamani ngo-1735. Kubantu kuthiwa "isifo sebala" ngenxa yokuba kwezi zigulane ezingaphezulu komzimba apha nakubonakele zibonakalisa ukubola kwamanani athile.
Izifo, kwiinkoliso ezininzi, zivela kubantwana ukusuka ekuzalaneni ukuya ebusheni, kwaye ngoko unokuphela ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweendlela zokwelapha. Kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini, iimeko zeplpura zidla ngokurekhodwa kubafana. Xa ukhulile, oku kuxilongwa kwenzelwa izigulane ezi-1-13 kubantu abayi-100,000, kunye neninzi yamatyala abe ngabasetyhini.
Iifom ye-thrombocytopenic purpura
Isifo segazi njenge-thrombocytopenic purpura (isifo sikaVerff) senzeka xa iiseli zegazi - iiplatelet, zixhaswa ngumzimba wazo kwaye zife ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ithuba lobomi babo endaweni yeentsuku ezingama-7-10, lixesha elide. Ukuveliswa kwemagxobhozo okuzenzekelayo, ipeni ityala. Esi sifo sineendlela ezininzi ezixhomekeke kwimbangela yesifo, kodwa isahluko esincinane kwiimpawu zesifo:
- i-autoimmune okanye idiopathic;
- heteroimmune;
- transimmune.
Iifom ze-thrombocytopenic idiopathic purpura, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zezizathu zini, zahlulwe:
- bukhali;
- Isifo esingapheliyo (rhoqo, esinqabileyo okanye esiqhubekayo sibuyela kwakhona).
I-purpura ye-thrombocytopenic purpura
Kwezinye iimeko, umzimba uyaqala ukusebenza ngokwawo. Le yintlobo yesifo esisodwa. Iiplatelet zitshabalaliswa ngumzimba womzimba, owaziwa njengezisele zamanye amazwe. Olu hlobo lwesifo maxa wambi luvela malunga nemvelaphi yenkqubo enye yokuzimela komzimba. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ibonakala ngokutshatyalaliswa kweeplatelets zayo phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezininzi. Ngamanye amaxesha le nto isifo sokusasazeka ngokwezityalo, nangona kunjalo kwiimeko ezininzi zezifo ezenzekayo kwesi sifo zilandelayo:
- lupus erythematosus ;
- i- hemolytic anemia ;
- vasculitis ;
- i-lymphocytic leukemia engapheliyo;
- i-hepatitis enobudlova;
- glomerulonephritis .
I-Heteroimmune thrombocytopenic purpura
Ngomntwana, inguqu ye-heteroimmune (engeyiyo-immune) yesi sifo i-purpura ye-thrombocytopenic purpura, ivela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabantu abadala. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ukuba abantwana bahlaziywa ngokuphinda bafumaneke. Izizathu zesifo zi:
- ukuthatha ezinye iziyobisi (paracetamol, furosemide, quinine, ampicillin, cephalosporins, betta-blockers, njl);
- ugonyo (ugonyo kunye ne-BCG, ukukhwehlela, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, i-poliomyelitis);
- izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Iimpawu ze-Thrombocytopenic purpura
Isifo seVerlhof, iimpawu zazo zichaneke kakhulu, zihluke kwixesha lokubonakala kweemvula. Okokuthi, ekuqaleni, ukuvuna okanye, njengoko zichanekileyo zibizwa ngamagqirha - i-petechiae, zibonakaliswa ngokugqithiseleyo, zinciphisa ubuncinane bombala kwaye ziphenduke zibe yi-cyanotic, i-green hue, ngokukhawuleza ijikeleza. Ngesinye isikhathi ngexesha lonke, zonke iintlobo zengxabano zingabakho emzimbeni, owona mfanekiso wesabekayo, kodwa ababuhlungu, ngokungafani nokulimala komntu ophilileyo.
Iibhulophu zifumaneka ikakhulu kwizitho, zingaphantsi kaninzi emzimbeni, kwaye ziqhathaniswa kakhulu, kodwa i-mucous yiyodwa. I-thrombocytopenic purpura ineempawu ezifanayo kubantu abahlukeneyo. Bangakwazi ukuphakama ngenxa ye-microtrauma, kwaye ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ngokwenene, ukubola kwegazi kuyenzeka ebusuku. Kule meko, isigulane asiva ubunzima, ngaphandle kwe-cerebral hemorrhage, xa isigulane sidinga ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele. Yahlula:
- ukuphuma kwamanzi (kwimpumlo, iigums, uterus);
- ukuphuma kwangaphakathi (isisu, isisu, i-ophthalmic, i-cerebral).
Ukuxilongwa kwe-thrombocytopenic purpura
Isifo seVerlhof, ukuxilongwa okungazange kugqitywe ngokufumanisa iimpawu, kusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo lweebhoratri zezigulane kunye noviwo lwekliniki. Oogqirha benza i-anamnesis xa i-thrombocytopenic purpura ibonakala okokuqala. Emva kokuba izifo ezithintekayo zifunyaniswe kwaye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifundo zenziwa ngokusukela igazi ukuhlalutya, ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe iimvavanyo zokuphuma kwegazi. Ezi ziquka:
- Uvavanyo lwamafutha , xa i-cuff yokuminyanisa ingqinisiso ifakwe kwisandla imizuzu eyi-10. Ukuba ekupheleni kwexesha eli lixesha lamanzi amaninzi aphethwe phantsi kwekhopu, ukuvavanya kulungile. Yenziwa kubantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala.
- Uvavanyo luyabanjiswa xa i-tourniquet yezokwelapha isetyenziselwa ingalo, emva kwexesha elinika ukutyumla - le ndlela ifanelekile kwizigulane zabantu abadala.
I-Thrombocytopenic purpura, ibandakanya uchungechunge lweemvavanyo eziza kubonisa umfanekiso othembekileyo wegazi lomguli. Ezi zibandakanya iimvavanyo zegazi:
- hemoglobin;
- Ijubane lokuvala igazi;
- kwinqanaba leeplatelet;
- ukungabikho okanye ubukho bokubuyiswa kwegazi;
- ubukho beeplayletslet egazini.
Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezinzima okanye ngokungathembeki kwezinye iintlobo zokuxilongwa kwe-thrombocytopenic purpura, i-bone marrow biopsy yenziwa - trepanabiopsy. Ngoxa uncedo lusetyenziso olukhethekileyo lwe-trepan, i-puncture encinci yomgudu wenziwa ngommandla we-lumbar ukuthatha ixabiso elincinci leethambo, i-periosteum kunye ne-cerebrospinal fluid ukuhlalutya.
Unyango lwe-Thrombocytopenic purpura
Izifo zegazi zifuna isimo sengqondo esinzulu, ngenxa yokuba impilo yesigulane kunanoma yiphi iminyaka ixhomekeke kummandla omkhulu kulo. Utyando lwe-thrombocytopenic purpura lwenziwa kubini esibhedlele (ngexesha lesigxina sokukhushulwa) kunye nasekhaya. Kuyimbopheleleko ukubonelela isiguli ngokuphumla okuphezulu kunye nokuphumla kombhede ukunciphisa inani lexesha elibuhlungu. Ngokuchasene nale mvelaphi, iindlela zezobugcisa zendabuko zisetyenziselwa ngokubambisana kunye namachiza omntu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunamathela kwisondlo esithile.
Ukuphiliswa kwesifo sikaVerf?
Kuxhomekeke kwixesha lini na kwixesha lini na isifo seVerff sifumaneka, kuya kuba nombuzo wokunyanzeliswa kwayo. Ubuntwaneni, ukugxekwa kulungile, ukuba umntwana ufumaneka ukuba aphumelele kwaye aphumelele ukuphumelela ezintandathu kwiinyanga. Emva kwesi sihlandlo, ukuxilongwa kukuhlala kungapheliyo, kwaye kuzwakala ngathi i-thrombocytopenia enobuhlungu.
Abantu abadala abanenhlanhla - le meko ingahamba nayo kubo bonke ubomi babo ngezikhathi zokuxolelwa kunye nokunyanzeliswa. Kwezinye iimeko, i-thrombocytopenic purpura engapheliyo inokuphiliswa xa i-spleen isuswe, nangona oku akuqinisekisi i-100%. Eli qumrhu libhubhisa iiplatelets kwaye lutshaba lomzimba. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ingxabano yokugqibela, xa ezinye iintlobo zonyango zazingasebenzi. Ukusebenza njengendlela ye-cavitary, kunye ne-laparoscopy.
I-thrombocytopenic purpura - iziyobisi
Injongo yonyango lwenyango yeVerff kukugcina izinga lamaplatele egazini kwinqanaba elifunekayo. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura iphathwa, kumaxesha amaninzi ngempumelelo, evumela ukuba kufikelelwe ukuxolelwa ngokuzinzileyo kwiminyaka emininzi. Ukuba akukho unyango okanye umsebenzi awuncede, icebo lokuthatha amachiza liguqulwa libe litsha. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa:
- I-Prednisolone (i-Methylprednisolone) isistim se-hormone esine-steroid, ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokuzikhusela. Isetyenziswe kwizigaba zokuqala zonyango, ngaphambi kokuba kususwe ipeni.
- I-Interferon a2 isetyenziselwa ukunqanda i-antibodies, xa izidakamizwa ze-steroid zingenamandla.
- I-Immunoglobulin G isetyenziswe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukunyusa izinga lamaplatelet.
- I-Immunosuppressants (i-Cyclophosphamide, i-Vincristine ne-Azathioprine) isetyenziswa xa isiguli singaboni enye unyango. Kukho ukuvimbela ama-antibodies egazini, okukhokelela ekwandeni kwinani lamaplatelet.
- Isidakamizwa iDanazol, ukuvuselela i-pituitary gland kunye nokwamkelwa kwexesha elide kukuchaphazela kakuhle umfanekiso wegazi.
I-thrombocytopenic purpura yonyango kunye namanyathelo omntu
I-purpura ye-thrombocytopenic isifo segazi, ngoko ke izilungiselelo zokwelapha imithi (i-decoctions) kunye neepropati ze-hemostatic zisebenzise ngempumelelo unyango lwazo:
- i-dioecious nettle;
- i-blood-throat;
- i-coral bark;
- chokeberry;
- isikhwama somalusi;
- iqhosha;
- yarrow.
Ukutya kunye ne-thrombocytopenic purpura
Akukho nto ekhethekileyo yokugula kukaVerlhof. Kubalulekile ukuba izitya zisetyenziswe kwifom epholileyo okanye epholile. Imifuno yemvelo ne-thrombocytopenic purpura, njengeziqhamo zinomdla kakhulu kodwa ayifanele idale ukubola. Uluhlu lweemveliso ezicetywayo lubandakanya:
- i-porridge - buckwheat, ingqolowa, i-oatmeal;
- iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ngendlela yeeseroti - iroti, i-apula, i-beet, igromegranate, i-tomato;
- amajikijolo - i-currants, ama-blackberries, ama-raspberries;
- zokutya kwezilwanyana;
- yenkomo yenyama.
Kubalulekile ukukhuphela ngaphandle kokutya:
- iimveliso zetyuwa;
- iimveliso zokutshaya;
- i-seasonings kunye neziqholo;
- imifuno emuncu;
- iimveliso zokutya ngokukhawuleza;
- iziphuzo ze-carbonate;
- ikhofi;
- utywala.
I-thrombocytopenic purpura - iingxaki
Isifo seVerlhof, esineengxaki ezinobungozi kakhulu, kufuneka kube nokunyanzeliswa kwezonyango. Iingxaki ziquka:
- i-cerebral hemorrhage;
- isisu kunye nokuphuma kwegazi;
- ukuphuma kwexesha lokuphuma kwexesha ekukhuleni.
I-thrombocytopenic purpura-thintelo
Xa isigulane sitholwa ngokuba "ne-thrombocytopenic purpura," oku kuthetha ukuba kwimpilo yomntu kufuneka alahle imikhwa emininzi, eyingozi kunye neqhelekileyo, ukuguqula indlela yokuphila. Amanyathelo okukhusela ahlose ukugcina izinga lamaplatelet kunye ne-hemoglobin ngenxa yokutya okunotyebileyo, kunye nokukhutshwa kwezi zinto ezinzima:
- kubhukuda;
- midlalo esebenzayo;
- ukutya okunzima ukulahleka kwesisindo;
- imeko ezixinzelelekileyo.