Ukulungiswa okujoliswe ekukhutshweni kwamagciwane omzimba kuthiwa ngama-immunosuppressors, elinye igama li-immunosuppressants. Eli qela lezonyango, njengomthetho, lisetyenziselwa ukutyanda umsebenzi kwi-organ transplantation.
Iziyobisi ezingenasistim
Amachiza aphantsi kwengqalelo ayahlukana ngamaqela ahlukeneyo ngokwemiphumo yabo ekukhuselweni:
- ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo iziyobisi. Ezi zithunywa zichaphazela zonke ii-subspecies zamaseli omzimba, ukukhusela umsebenzi wazo;
- iimpawu zokuzikhusela iimpawu zentsholongwane malunga neenjongo ezithile ezithile kwiindidi zamasosha omzimba. Benza ngokukhethayo, umzekelo, iindlela zokuzivikela ngokuzimela okanye ukukhutshwa komzimba;
- amayeza aneempembelelo ezichasayo, ezisetyenziselwa kwiimeko zesifo sengqondo;
- amayeza anomqondiso. Eli candelo lijoliswe kuphela ekunciphiseni iimpawu zezifo ezizimele.
Zendalo zendalo
I-immunosuppressors yemvelo ibhetele ngakumbi kunyango lwezifo ezizimelayo kunye nezicubu zomhlaza, kuba zinemiphumo emibi emzimbeni. Ukongezelela, izilungiso zendalo zineziphumo ezizeleyo, unyango aluchaphazeli isibindi kwaye aluphazamisi ukugaya.
Kwintliziyo yama-immunosuppressants yemvelaphi yemvelo yi-metabolites yesibili (imvelaphi ye-microbial), i-microorganism, i-eukaryoti. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-Streptomyces isetyenzisiwe, ngenxa yokuba kubonelela ngabameli bayo abanalo kuphela imithi echasene ne-antibiotic anti-inflammatory.
Iziyobisi ezingenasifo
Phakathi kwama-immunosuppressors anqanda nasiphi na amangqindi omzimba kunye nokuthintela ukubunjwa kwe-lymphocytes egazini, okuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kukuba:
- IVero-Cyclosporin;
- I-Cycloral;
- Imuran;
- Azathioprin.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-immunosuppressants elandisiweyo isetyenziselwa unyango lwezitho zomhlaza zomhlaza kwisigaba sokugqibela kwaye emva kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa komzimba, ngokukodwa ukuba ukukhishwa kwamathambo enzulu kuye kwaqala.
Ukulungiselela ngokukhetha (ukhetho):
- Timodepressin;
- Tacrolimus;
- Cyclosporin A.
Ezi zi-immunosuppressors phantse zingagxininisi ukuxhatshazwa komzimba, musa ukuphazamisa ukubunjwa kweeseli ezikhuselekileyo kwizifo ezintsholongwane okanye ezithathelwanayo.
Impembelelo yokulwa nokutshabalala kunye nokupheliswa kweempawu eziphazamisayo , iimpawu zeengxaki ezizimeleyo zibonelelwa ngamachiza:
- Methylprednisolone;
- Fluuocinonide;
- Clobetasol;
- Prednisolone;
- Hydrocortisone.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukulungiselela i-glucocorticosteroid izifo ezinokubangela izifo ezinomdla kakhulu, ezidla ngokugqithiseleyo imeko yesigulane. Oku kubangelwa yimvelaphi yabo ye-steroid: la mayeza aphazamisa ukubunjwa kwamahomoni ayimfuneko yesibindi kunye neentso.