Iimpawu zeNtsholongwane

Enye yeengqungquthela eziqhelekileyo ngumhlaza wesifo somhlaza, oko, ngokutsho kweenombolo ze-WHO, kubangela ukuba abantu abayi-10 000 bahlupheke rhoqo ngonyaka, kwaye izigulane ezingama-4000 zithola i-prognosis. Ukuze ulahlekelwe ixesha, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ziphi iimpawu zomhlaza wesibeletho.

Iingxaki zeLarynx Cancer

Oogqirha bakuthola kunzima ukuchaza isizathu esona sizathu somhlaza womqala, nangona kunjalo, sele kusenokwenzeka ukufumana izinto ezichaphazela ukuqala kwesisu. Ngoko, amaninzi impawu zomhlaza wesibeletho ziqala ukuphawula:

• Ababhemayo kunye nabantu abasebenzisa kakubi utywala;
• abasebenzi abasebenzisa ngendlela efanelekileyo i-asbestos okanye uthuli lwamalahle; ukuqhuma kwe-tar, benzene;
• izigulane ezinegciwane le-papilloma;
• abantu abane- immunity .

Izibonakalisi ezingaqhelekanga zomhlaza wesibeletho zibhalwa kubasetyhini - isisu, njengomthetho, sichaphazela abantu abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-60.

Kukholelwa ukuba iziko ezinobungozi zingashukunyiswa ngokungangqinelani nococeko olusisiseko lomlomo kunye nokutya okutshisa kakhulu okanye ukutya okugqithisileyo kwifom eshushu.

Musa ukudideka ngomqala!

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza womlomo ziyafana kakhulu neempawu ze-laryngitis kunye ne-angina, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kufakwe emva kwexesha, kwaye ixesha elixabisekileyo lokunyanga lilahleka.

Ukuba phakathi kweeveki ezimbalwa okanye iinyanga, nangona unyango okhutheleyo, umqala, ubuhlungu kunye nokukhwehlela akuyi kuhamba, kufuneka ufumane uvavanyo oluya kulufumana okanye lukhuphe i-oncology.

Kukho izigaba eziliqela zomhlaza wesihogo, iimpawu kunye neempawu ezahluke kancinane kule nto okanye kweso sifo:

1. I-precancerous - i-tumor ayizange inike i-metastase, ayizange isasaze kwi-lymph nodes.
2. IsiGaba 1 - i-pharynx okanye i-larynx sele isichaphazelekile yi-tumor.
3. IsiGanga 2 - i-tumor yanda, isasaza kwizitho ezingummelwane. I-lymph nodes zichaphazelekayo ngama-metastase omnye.
4. IsiGanga 3 - i-neoplasm ikhula ibe yayizikhulu kakhulu, izicubu kunye nezitho ezichaphazelekayo zichaphazelekayo, kukho isixa esibalulekileyo sesilonda kunye nezidumbu.
5. ISigqibo 4 - ii-metastases zigcinwa nakwizitho ezikude.

Iqhwaba liqala ukukhula kwelinye lamacandelo amathathu e-larynx - sublingus (ama-3% amatyala), i-ligament (32%), ngaphezu kwegigament (65%) - isasazeka kuwo onke amasebe.

Indlela yokujonga umhlaza wesifo somhlaza?

Kwimigangatho yokuqala yesi sifo, iimpawu zomhlaza womlomo zenziwa:

• intlungu emqaleni, engayinika indlebe;
• utshintshe ithoni yezwi, ukubonakala kwezinto ezivakalayo (ngamanye amaxesha ilizwi linyamalalala ngokupheleleyo);
• uvakalelo olubuhlungu xa ugwinya ummatha kunye nokutya;
• inzwa yomzimba wasemzini emqaleni;
• ukuphefumula okufutshane.

Inkambo eqhubekayo yesifo ikhokelela eku:

• i-hemoptysis, i-sputum discharge;
• intlungu rhoqo emqaleni;
• ukuphazamiseka kwesigcaziso ngokutya;
• intlungu ezindlebeni;
• ukuvumba komlilo;
• i- lymph nodes kunye nokuvuvukala entanyeni;
• ukukhwehlela okungahlaliyo okanye ukukhwehlela kwe-paroxysmal.

Le miqondiso yomsana womqala kunye ne-larynx kwezinye iimeko ihamba kunye nokulahleka kobunzima.

Ukuxilongwa kunye nokuxela

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ugqirha ugqithisa ukuhlawula i-laryngoscopy-examination ye-laryngeal cavity ngoncedo lwe-laryngoscope ebonakalayo okanye esibukweni. Inkqubo ikuvumela ukuba ubone i-tumor kwi-lumen yelungu kwaye ihamba kunye ne-biopsy - ugqirha uthatha isampuli yenyama, isifundo esikuvumela ukuba ubone iiseli zomhlaza kunye nokuseka indlela yokwenza unyango.

Ukuqaphela indlela ekuye kwandiswe ngayo i-tumor inkqubo, i-computer tomography yenziwa.

Utyando lubandakanya ukukhutshwa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-tumor ngokubambisana ne-radiation therapy. Ukuba iimpawu zomhlaza wesifo somhlaza zenziwe kwizigaba 1 ukuya kweyesi-2, unyango olukhawulezayo lunikeza umlinganiselo weminyaka emihlanu yokusinda kwi-75 ukuya kwi-90%, kunye necandelo lesi-3 oku angaphantsi kwe-63-67%.