Ngaphandle kokunyamekela, ukwazi ukuba into entsha ayinakwenzeka, umntu akayi kuba nexesha lokukhumbula ngeenjongo ezicacileyo. Ukukwazi ukulawula ukugxininiswa kwabo kukho konke, kodwa kukho ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo-impendulo kwangoko ngokubonakala ngokubonakalayo. Esi sici sengqondo yomntu sisetyenziselwa ukuthengisa kunye neenjongo zokuqeqesha.
Ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo - yintoni na?
I-reflex esondeleyo, eyenza sisiphazamise ngomsindo omkhulu okanye umbala oqaqambileyo, unceda ngokukhawuleza ukwakha indlela yokukhusela. Ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo, i-psychology eqhubeka ifundiswa, ayikwazi ukucinywa ngokupheleleyo, nokuba umntu oqeqeshwe kakhulu uya kutshintshela kwinto engalindelekanga yecala lesibini. Ngako oko, ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo iyaxhatshazwa ngabathengisi kunye nabafundisi ukuba bavuselele umdla wabameli.
Umsebenzi oyintloko wokuqwalasela ngokungabandakanyiyo
Ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko ezintsha kuvela ngokuzenzekelayo, injongo ephambili yale mpendulo ihamba ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo kwiimeko eziguqukayo. Oku kunceda ngokukhawuleza ukuchonga izinto ezibalulekileyo nokwakha indlela yokuziphatha ngendlela ekhuselekileyo. Oku kuphazamiseka kuyahluka kwijubane, amandla kunye nobude bokubhenca. Umgangatho wokuqwalasela ngokungabandakanyeki uphelelwe ngongoma alandelayo:
- engekho umgangatho kwiimeko ezithile;
- sebenza;
- umlingisi;
- ngokukhawuleza.
Imiqathango yokuqalisa ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo
Inkqubo yasungulwa kwinkqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ekuncedeni ukuphepha ukudibanisa nabantu abanobungozi okanye ukulandela ukuxhamla. Izilwanyana zasendle azikasayi kusongela umntu, kwaye ukubonelela ukutya, u tyelela izitolo, kodwa kunengqalelo ekungabonakaliyo xa kungalindelekanga. Umsebenzi wale ndlela ayikho mfuneko, usebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwengqondo. Ukuphendula okukhawulezayo kwakhayo xa:
- ukunyakaza - into engaphumliyo isignali eqaqambileyo, kuba ingathwala ingozi;
- Impembelelo eqinileyo - isandi esinamandla okanye ukugqithisa ukuthulisa, ukukhanya okukhawuleza kokukhanya ekugqibeleni kubonisa nokuba usengozini;
- ubuhle bento - naluphi na ukungaqiniseki kukwazi ukufihla iingxaki, ngoko i-organism isabela ngokukhawuleza kweso siganeko.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kokuqwalasela ngokuzithandela nokuqwalaselwa ngokungenako?
Ukuqwalaselwa ngokubalulekileyo kuyadingeka ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kokuziphatha komntu kwiimeko ezingathandekiyo, ngelixa uhlobo olungabonakaliyo lubonelela ukulawulwa kwemisebenzi yalo. Ngoku kubonwa njengendlela yokugcina umsebenzi oqhubekayo kwinqanaba elikhethiweyo. Ingqwalasela egxininisiweyo inezinto ezilandelayo eziphambili:
- Injongo - izenzo zenziwa yimisebenzi eyabelwe.
- Ulungelelaniso - umntu olungiselela kwangaphambili ukugxininiswa kunye nomgudu woyigcina.
- Ukusimama - le nkqubela iyaqhubeka ixesha elide, ilungelelaniso yile ncwadana kwimeko yemigomo ebekwayo.
Izindlela zokutsala ingqwalasela engabandakanyekanga
Ingxaki yokukhangela umdla ibalulekile kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, kwaye yonke into iqala ngokufunyanwa ngabantu. Ngoko ke, nayiphi na ingcali enomgomo wokuqeqesha, ukuthengisa okanye ukudala umboniso ophumelelayo uhlola iindlela zokukhawulela ingqalelo ngokungenakwenzeka. Isicelo sabo esifanelekileyo sikwazi ukudala uluvo oluyimfuneko kwisiganeko somntu.
Uboniswe ngamakhonsathi abenzi bokusebenza: umgangatho omncinane umveliso unikezelwa kumbukeli, izixhobo ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukuba zenze ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo - imibala eqaqambileyo, izandi ezivakalayo, ukunyakaza okungapheliyo. Ngenxa yoko, abaphulaphuli abakwazi ukugxininisa kwizinto ezifakiwe, ukukhumbula kuphela umbala wezinto ezenzekayo. Ingcebiso yenkalo yomntu kwindlela efanelekileyo isetyenziswe kwezinye iindawo, usebenzisa iindlela ezilandelayo kule ndlela.
- Isandi . Ukubonakala okungalindelekanga kokuhambelana okunjalo, ukuphakamisa okanye ukunciphisa ithoni yezwi, ukutshintsha umthamo womculo.
- Umbala kunye nokukhanya . Imibala ekhanyayo, ukutshintshwa okungalindelekanga kokukhanya okanye utshintsho lwezinga lokukhanyisa.
- Ikhefu . Kukho ukuphuka kwintetho yomfundisi okanye ukupheliswa kwe-stimulus kwexesha kunye nokubukeka kwayo kwakhona.
- Movement . Ukuhambisa izinto, ukuzithoba, ukubetha kwiinwele zomoya okanye iingubo.
- Uthotho . Izimo ezintle kwiintengiso, i-puns okanye i-anecdotes efanelekileyo ekutheni uluntu lithetha .
- Imizwa . Ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo inokutsaliswa ngokunyanzelisa umntu ukuba abe nemvakalelo - imvakalelo ebusweni bezintlu ezinqabileyo, ukwesaba ukuxhatshazwa emculweni, ukunyaniseka ngokucinga ngendalo.