Isifo seCaisson siyaziwa ngabameli bezo zakhono, umsebenzi wabo unxulumene nokucwiliswa emanzini, ukujula kunzulu kwiibilini zomhlaba okanye nge-flight in space. Ukwahluka koxinzelelo lwengqondo kwiindawo ezimbini apho umntu asebenza khona kungabangela ukukhubazeka okanye ukufa.
Caissonism - yintoni na?
Isifo sokuxhatshazwa, ngokunye okubizwa ngokuba yi-caisson okanye isifo sezohlukeneyo, sibonakala kubantu emva kokuba bephakame ebusweni bomhlaba okanye amanzi ukusuka ekujuleni. Isifo se-caisson senzeke xa utshintsho lwemozulu lushintsha. Ukunciphisa ingabonwa ngabameli bezo zakhono ezibandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwamabhanti, amachweba, abavukuzi, i-sinkers, abahlukahlukeneyo be-scuba, abahlolisisi bamanzi olwandle, abajikelezi bemvelo. Isifo se-caisson siyingozi kubasebenzi be-bathyscaphe kuphela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, xa kuphakanyiswa ukunyuka okukhawulezayo.
Ukusebenza phantsi kwamanzi okanye ubunzulu obungaphantsi komhlaba kwenziwa kwiimpahla zokudibanisa ezifanelekileyo okanye ii-caisson rooms kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ngomoya. Kulezi zixhobo kunye neendlela, ulawulo loxinzelelo luhlanganiswe. Xa ukubhaptizwa, uxinzelelo kwi-caissons landa ukwenzela ukuba umntu angaphefumle ngokuphephile. Ukubuyela kumhlaba womhlaba kufuneka uhambe ngokukhawuleza, ukuze umzimba uphinde uzivuselele. Ukubuyiselwa okukhawulezayo kubangele ukubonakala kwesifo se-caisson nokufa.
Inkqubo yesifo se-caisson
Isifo se-caisson ukukhutshwa kwemithambo yegazi kunye ne-gaseous thrombus, esekelwe kwi-bubrogen bubbles. Isifo seCaisson senziwa ngenxa yenguqu ekugxininiseni kwegesi kumanzi omzimba. Ukuqonda indlela yesifo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula umthetho kaHenry, othi ukunyuka kwengcinezelo kubangela ukuchithwa okungcono kwamagesi kwiziselo. Ngaphakathi, umoya ophefumulayo uphefumlelwe umoya. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-nitrogen, ephantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ayifaki igazi kumntu, ungena kwiinqanawa phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Xa uxinzelelo lwangaphandle luqala ukuwa phantsi njengoko unyukela, iigesi ziphuma kumanzi. Ukuba i-diver ephakamileyo iya phezulu emanzini, i-nitrogen iyakwazi ukushiya igazi ngeendlela ezincinci. Ngokunyuka ngokukhawuleza, i-gas igxotha ukushiya umlambo ngokukhawuleza, kodwa, kungabi naso ixesha lokufikelela kwimiphunga, ikhupha imithwalo yegazi kunye ne-microthrombi. Izilwanyana ezinamathele kwiinqanawa ziza kunye kunye neengcezu zeemithwalo yegazi, ezikhokelela ekugodleni. Ukuba iibhola ze-nitrojeni zingangeni kwiinqanawa, kodwa zingena kwizicubu, iintambo okanye amanxeba, ngoko kuvela uhlobo olusandululweyo lwesifo se-caisson.
Isifo seCaisson - kubangele
Phakathi kwezizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni isifo se-caisson, ungabiza oku:
- ukucwiliswa okungafanelekanga emanzini;
- ukuphakama okukhawulezayo;
- ukungathobeli imithetho yokumisela;
- isicelo esingalunganga sezinto ezingaphantsi kwamanzi.
Izinto ezikhupha isifo ziquka:
- ubudala - omdala umntu, kunzima kakhulu kuye ukuba athwale uxinzelelo oluhambelana noxinzelelo;
- Isifo seVascular;
- i-supercooling ;
- Ukunyanzeliswa kwamanzi - amanzi anceda ngokukhawuleza ukususa i-gases engadingekile emzimbeni;
- umsebenzi owenyuka ngokomzimba ngaphambi kokucwiliswa;
- ubunzima obunzima - amafutha akwandisa ukulibaziseka kwee-bubbles bubbles;
- utywala egazini.
Izifo zeCaisson - iimpawu
Isifo sokunciphisa umzimba, iimpawu zazo zixhomekeka kwiindawo zokuhlala kwegesi, zingabonakalisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokugqithisa. Ngamanye amaxesha ukugula kwengcinezelo kwenzeka xa uphakamisela phezulu kungekudala, kodwa emva komhla. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-caisson, okanye ukunciphisa, ukugula kufaka:
- Ngolu hlobo lwesifo, oluchaphazela i-tendon, amajoyina, isikhumba kunye ne-lymphatic system, iimpawu ziya kubonakaliswa ziintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye nezihlunu, iindawo zesikhumba kunye nama-lymph nodes .
- Kuhlobo lwesibini isifo esichaphazela ingqondo, iinkqubo ezijikelezayo kunye nokuphefumula, iimpawu eziphambili ziyi-tinnitus, intloko, iingxaki zamathumbu kunye nokuhamba. Ngohlobo olomeleleyo, iimpawu ezinjalo ziya kujoyina: ukukhubazeka, ukuxinwa, ukuxhatshazwa, ukulahlekelwa kwintetho kunye nombono.
Izifo zeCaisson - unyango
Ngaphambi kokuba uphathe isifo se-caisson, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlula ukugula kwengcinezelo kwi-gas embolism. Ukuba ukuxilongwa kugqityiwe, kuphuthuma ukuqala amanyathelo okunyanga. Indlela yonyango yonyango yonyango ekliniki ekhethekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemaski ebuso. Kwinkampu yokucinezelwa ngoncedo lwexinzelelo, imoya yokubuyisa iyakhiwa, kwaye isigulane ngexesha elifanayo (ngaphandle kwexesha elincinci) liphefumula i-oxygen ecocekileyo yonke ixesha. Ukusebenza kunye nobude bonyango kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomonakalo emzimbeni.
Izifo zeCaisson - iziphumo
Ngona ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye linikezelwe ngoncedo alukho isiqinisekiso sokuba umntu akayi kuba nemiphumo yesifo. Isifo seCaisson siyingozi kwiinkqubo zesebe:
- ukuphefumula;
- bonwayo;
- ntliziyo;
- yokutya;
- imoto.
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zesifo zi:
- i-cardiac and breathing failure;
- osteoarthritis ;
- cardiosclerosis;
- iziphazamiso zendlela yokutya.
Ukukhusela isifo se-caisson
Iphuzu elibalulekileyo kumbuzo wendlela yokuphepha isifo se-caisson kukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yokucwiliswa nokunyuka:
- Ngaphambi kokudilika, kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa umsebenzi owenziwe ngokomzimba.
- Ungaphindi emva kokusela utywala.
- Musa ukuzibandakanya kwezo zintlobo zomsebenzi ezinxulumene neenguqu zengcinezelo yemoya, abantu abanezifo zesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, izifo zesisu kunye neethambo.
- Ukukhuphukela phezulu kufuneka kuphuze.
- Ukudilika kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa izixhobo zobugcisa.