Kutheni abantwana bezelwe nge-Down syndrome?

I-Down's syndrome sisifo esiqhelekileyo se-genetic: ngokwezibalo, kubakho kwiintsana ezisixhenxe ezelwe. Ukuchonga isifo sinokuxilongwa ngokubeletha ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa ekugqibeleni ugula umntwana ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa, iyeza lonyango alikwazi. Ngako oko, abazali abaninzi baya kuba nomdla kakhulu malunga nombuzo wokuba kutheni abantwana abane-Down syndrome bazalwa kwaye banokuthintela njani. Emva koko, ukuphambuka kokukhula kwengqondo nangokwenyama kwezi zigulane ezincinci kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye akusoloko kulungiswe ngokuthatha amachiza kunye nokuqeqeshwa okunzulu.

Izinto ezijongene nokuphuhliswa kwesifo

Iyeza langoku liye labonisa ukuba izizathu ezichazela ukuba kutheni abantwana abane- Down syndrome bazalwa abaxhomekeke kwimozulu yelizwe, ubuzwe boomama noyise, umbala wabo okanye indlela yokuphila, kunye neemeko zentlalo apho ubomi bentsapho buhlala khona.

Esi sifo kubangelwa ubukho kumntu we-genotype yomntwana we-chromosome eyongezelelweyo. Kuzo zonke iiseli zomzimba womntu iqukethe i-chromosomes ezingama-46, ezijongene nokutshintshwa kweempawu zobomi ezivela kubazali kubantwana. Zonke zidibeneyo: indoda kunye nesetyhini. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ukungasebenzi kakubi kwemvelo kuvela, ngoko i- chromosome engama- 47 ibonakala kwiimbini ze- chromosomes ezingama-21 . Kungenxa yoko abantwana bazalwa, ukuphiliswa okupheleleyo okungenakwenzeka, kuba kwixesha lethu, ukungaziphambuki kwemfuzo kungenakukwazi ukulungiswa.

Makhe sihlolisise ngokungakumbi iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo, impembelelo yinto ekhokelela ekubonakaleni komntwana ogulayo:

1. Ubudala bukaMama budlula iminyaka engama-33-35. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba umngcipheko wokuba nendodana okanye intombi ene-Down syndrome iphezulu kakhulu kula mabhinqa. Oku kungenxa yokuqala kokuguga komzimba xa kunokuvelisa amaqanda angenasifo, okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwezifo zamalungu omzimba wesini. Ngokuqhelekileyo oomama abanjalo ngaphambi kokuba bazalwe abantwana abafile okanye bafa beselula. Ngoko ke, ukuba usemngciphekweni, ngexesha lokukhulelwa, i-amniocentesis iyacetyiswa, apho i-amniotic fluid ithathwa kwaye emva koko uhlalutyo olufanelekileyo lwenziwa. Musa ukuyihoxisa le nkqubo: xa ufunda umbuzo othi kutheni umntwana ozalwa ne-Down syndrome azalwe, oogqirha baye bamisela inyaniso enomdla. Ukuba ngaba besetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-25 ubunokwenzeka bokuzalwa kwesana esinesifo esinjalo ngu-1/1400, kwabasetyhini ababelethayo, abaneminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engama-35, umngcipheko omkhulu kakhulu: ngokuqhelekileyo, ityala elinye lokuzalwa kwama-350.
2. IHereditary factor. Nangona eyaziwa ukuba abantu abanesifo esinjalo abasweleyo, ama-50% wabasetyhini abane-Down's syndrome banakho inzala. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, abantwana bazuza esi sifo, ngoko kuyafaneleka ukuba sicinge ukuba ngaba kuyimfuneko ukuqhubeka nesifo esinjalo.
3. Ubudala bukayise. Esinye sezizathu zokubangela ukuba umntwana awele phantsi kukuba ubaba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-42 ubudala. Ngeli thuba, umgangatho wesilisa uhla ngandlela-thile, ngoko ukuchumisa kweqanda nge-sperm engaphantsi kunye nomngcipheko wokuphuhlisa esi sifo esibi kakhulu semfuyo kunokuba kunokwenzeka.
4. Imitshato phakathi kwezihlobo eziseduze. Akunjalo ngethuba lokuba kwiinkcubeko ezininzi zehlabathi akuvunyelwe ukutshata nje kuphela izalamane, kodwa kunye nabazala babo bokuqala kunye nabazalwana kunye noodadewabo.
5. Iingcali ziye zaziseka kutheni ama-Down syndrome azalwa ngamanye amaxesha: okhulileyo lo mfazi wayekho ngexesha lokuzalwa kwentombi, enkulu enkulu amathuba okuzalwa komzukulwana ogulayo okanye umzukulu.