Ngethuba leminyaka yokuqala yesithandathu yobomi, umntwana ufumana ulwazi olungaphezulu kunamanye eminyaka edibeneyo. Ukuphuhliswa ngokukodwa ngokukhawuleza kwenzeka kwiminyaka emibili yokuqala, xa umntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa, ephethe iingcamango ezimbalwa zokuzalwa, ufunda ngokukhawuleza ukuhlala, ukukhwela nokuhamba, ukuqonda intetho yomnye umntu aze athethe ngokuzimela aze athole ezinye izakhono ezibalulekileyo.
Ukuqonda nokuvelisa intetho yomthonyama umntwana ufunda ixesha elide elaneleyo. Kukho imigaqo ethile yokuphuhliswa kwentetho, egxininiswe kuyo, ngabazali abanokuthi bakhankanywe ngokukhawuleza kwendawo yokuphuhlisa umntwana.
I-General hypoplasia yentetho (OHP) kunye nokuphuculwa kwentetho yentetho ayikho into efanayo. Ukuba kwimeko yesibini, abantwana baqala ukuthetha kancinci kunontanga yabo, ngoko kwimeko ye-OGR abantwana baneengxaki zomlomo ezinxulumene nengcaciso kunye nesandi.
Izizathu zokungaphuhliswa kwentetho yabantwana zihlukileyo: zinokuba yimiphumo yokubeleka, kunye nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zesifo sengqondo, kunye neengxaki zeengqondo.
Iinkcukacha kunye neempawu zengqondo zabantwana abane-OHP
Ngokubanzi uphuhliso lwentetho luvame ukufunyanwa kwintlekele yabantwana abantwana abaneminyaka engama-4-6. Njengomthetho, ngaba ngabantwana abaneengqondo eziqulunqwe ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokusilela. Baqala ukuthetha kamva kunabanye, kwaye intetho yabo ayisoloko ingabonakali, ngabazali kuphela bayayiqonda. Ukukhula, abantwana baqala ukujonga ingxaki yokuthetha, ukuva. Yingakho ukuphuhliswa kwentetho jikelele kufuneke unyango, kwaye ukunqoba le ngxaki kunengqiqo.
Amanqanaba entetho ngokubanzi yophuhliso
Oogqirha bahlula amacandelo amane okuphuhliswa kokuthetha ngokubanzi.
- Inqanaba lokuqala libonakaliswa ngokungabi nantetho yokuthetha, xa umntwana ebetha ngaphezulu, esebenzisa ngokuzenzekelayo isenzo kunokuba uthi.
- Kwinqanaba lesibini le-OSR, umntwana unentetho yentetho ebusaneni bakhe. Uyakwazi ukuvakalisa izivakalisi zamagama amaninzi, kodwa kaninzi ukuphazamisa amagama kunye nokuphela kwazo.
- Inqanaba lesithathu libonakaliswe ngentetho enentsingiselo ngakumbi: umntwana uthetha ngokukhululekile, kodwa intetho yakhe igcwele iziphene zegrammatical kunye nefonetiki.
- Inqanaba lesine lentetho yokuphuhliswa kwentetho ifunyanwe kubantwana abenza iimpazamo zentetho ekuqalekeni bangabalulekanga, kodwa ekugqibeleni baphazamise ukufunda okuqhelekileyo.
Ukunyangwa kwamayeza rhoqo kufuneka kuqhutywe nabantwana abane-OHP. Ukongezelela, ukulawulwa kwengqondo kwengqondo kunye namaxesha athile i-neurologist iyimfuneko. Abantwana abanolu hlobo lokuxilonga kubaluleke kakhulu ekunyuseni ukunikwa kwengqalelo nenkxaso yabazali, ngaphandle kokungenakwenzeka ukuba banqobe isifo.