Inkqubo yeentlanzi yinkqubo enzima kakhulu emzimbeni womntu, nayiphi na ukuphambuka kwayo kuchaphazela impilo kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu athile okanye iinxalenye zomzimba. Ukuba i-nerus vagus ichaphazelekayo, ngoko ke umphumo unokuba luphelele "lwembali" yezifo nezifo, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuchonga iingxaki ngexesha kwaye ngokuchanekileyo uphumelele unyango.
Uphi i-vagus nerve?
Ukuva ingcamango "yeentliziyo ezijikelezayo", abaninzi banomdla wokuthi kutheni kuthiwa. Incwadi yesayensi yenkcazo yale ntsho ingatholakala kwigama elithi "Vagus", elivela kwisiLatus vagus - "ukuduka, ukuhambahamba". Leli gama linikezelwe ngenxa yokuba le ntsho yomnyoba ide kakhulu, ine-branching enkulu, isasazeka kwininzi yomzimba womntu.
Amagagasi avela kwikhanga, kwi-medulla oblongata. Ukugqithisa izicubu entanyeni, ngommandla wecala, uhlala kwintliziyo kunye nemiphunga, uze uhlawule ngokusuka kwisithintelo kwisisu, emathunjini nezinye izitho zesithuba somzimba. Inyopho ejikelezayo iyingxenye yezibini ezilishumi elinambini zeentsholongwane ezisuka kwi-brainstem, kwaye ine-numberinal ordinal X (10).
Inyopho ejikelezayo iyona nerve enkulu kunazo zonke, inemisebenzi emininzi kwaye iqulethe i-secretory, i-motor ne-sensitive fibers. Ukusebenza kwe-vagus kunika ezininzi iingcamango, imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba. Yonke imisebenzi yakhe ixhomekeke kwinkqubo ye-nervous autonomic system. Nantsi uluhlu olungaphelelanga lwezenzo kunye neenkqubo ezilawulwa yi-vagus nererve, ebonisa ukubaluleka kwayo:
- umsebenzi wokuphefumula;
- ukugwinya isenzo;
- intetho;
- gag reflex;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukusebenza kweentliziyo zomzimba;
- umsebenzi wesisu, njl
Ukuguqulwa kwamathambo - ukuxilongwa
Ukuba ukrokreka ukuphulwa kwimbini yeshumi ye-plexous ye-nerve yentloko, kufuneka ukuba ukwazi indlela, izizathu kunye ne-degree. Ngenxa yoko, i-neurologist imisela iiphando zezifundo, ezinokubandakanya: iikhompyutheni okanye i-imagination magnetic resonance yengqondo (i-MRI ye-vagus nererve), ukuhlolwa kwe-x-ray yeckull kunye ne-thorax, i-electrocardiogram kunye nezinye iindlela. Ngethuba loviwo, iingcali zisebenzisa izi ndlela ezilandelayo ukuchonga iintsholongwane kunye nokuvavanya i-degree:
- Hlola ukuvakala kwezwi kunye nokuhlanzeka kokuvakalisa izandi;
- ukuzimisela kohlobo lokunciphisa isilwanyana;
- ukuhlolwa kweengcamango zesalatine kunye neephalasali;
- ukujonga umsebenzi wokugwinya;
- Ukufunda i-larynx ngoncedo lwe-laryngoscope, njl.
Ukuguqulwa kwamathambo
Ngenxa yobungakanani bemisebenzi yemisebenzi, ukunqotshwa kwentsholongwane ye-vagus kuthinta umsebenzi weenkqubo ezininzi kunye namalungu. Ingxaki ibangelwa yimimandla eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izicubu, izigulana, ukungenelela, ukutyhelwa kwezifo ezinobuthi, izifo, izifo ezingapheliyo. Iimpawu zesifo se-vagus nerve zixhomekeke kakhulu kwinto apho isayithi lakhe laphulwa. Cinga ngamathuba okubonakalisa iiklinikhi ngokuxhomekeka kummandla:
Ummandla we-Cranial:
- ezintle iintloko;
- Ukuziva okungenakunxulunyaniswa kummandla we-ear-ear-ear, kwinqanawa yokuhlola yangaphandle;
- ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe.
Indawo yekasi:
- ukukhubazeka;
- utshintshe ilizwi lomsindo, udibanise;
- ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wokuthetha;
- ukuphefumula;
- uvakalelo lwe-coma emqaleni.
3. Isebe leTrarac:
- ubuhlungu emva kwe-sternum;
- ukuphefumula;
- ukubuthathaka kwe-reflex reflex;
- i palpitation.
4. Ibilini:
- ukungathandeki kwisisu;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukutyunjwa okanye urhudo.
Ukuvuvukala kwezigulane ze-vagus
Ukuvuvukala kwesondo, esoloko sisuleleka okanye sisetyhi, kudla ngokudibene nomonakalo kwezinye iinqununu ze-cranial. Ukuvuvukala kwentsholongwane ye-vagus kubonakaliswe yimpawu ezahlukahlukeneyo, eziphambili zazo ezibhalwe ngasentla. Qinisekisa ukuba uqaphele loo mqondiso njengale:
- ukubonakala kwezwi lomlomo (ngaphandle kokubanda);
- ubunzima bokugwinya ukutya;
- ukungcola, apho ezinye izigulane zingayithobeli kwisigaba sokuqala sesi sifo.
I-Tonus ye-vagus nerve symptoms
Ngaphantsi kwetoni yesibini ye-plexus ye-nerve ye-nerve iqondwa ngolu hlobo apho iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokuguqulela zinikezelwa emzimbeni ekuphenduleni utshintsho kwimeko, imithwalo yemvelo kunye nomoya. Ithenda ye-vagus nerve ibeka izinga lezempilo kunye nengqondo yengqondo. Ukuba ithoni iyinto evamile, oku kuboniswa ukwanda okwenyuka kwipulse ngexesha lokuphefumlelwa kunye nokunciphisa ekuphumeni, ukuxhomekeka kwemoya evuyayo. Abantu abanesicatshulwa esincinci basoloko banesimo sengqondo esibi, umva wedwa, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
Intshingo yomsindo wesifo - iimpawu
Intshontsho yokugaya ingacatshulwa ngenxa yokuxinwa ngexesha lokuxineka ngeempahla okanye i-neoplasms entanyeni, esifubeni, kwaye ngokungafanekiyo - ngaphakathi kwekhayi. Ifomu ehlukeneyo yesilonda yi-neuralgia ye-laryngeal nererve - enye yamasebe eembini zeesibini zeentonga. Ngokuqinisekileyo, isiseko sentsholongwane yinkqubo ye-vagus nerve xa ihamba nge-hypothalamus membrane. Kule meko, kukho ukuxhwala okwenzeka ngexesha lokutya kwaye kuboniswe ngu:
- intlungu ngokukhawuleza kwi-larynx ukusuka kwelinye icala;
- ukukhwehlela ngamandla;
- buthathaka;
- imeko yokuphazamiseka.
Ukucaphuka komgudu wesisu kungakhokelela ekunyuseni komsebenzi weengqungquthela ze-endocrine, ngokubhekiselele kuyo i-justic excess and juice pancreatic. Mhlawumbi ukwanda okuthe xaxa kumathumbu emathumbu, okuchaphazela kakubi ukugaya kunye nokwenza ukutya. Xa umsebenzi wentsholongwane unciphisa okanye ukukhubazeka kwenzeka, iimpendulo ezitshintshileyo zigcinwa kwindlela yomsebenzi wokutya.
Ukuguqulwa kweentsimbi kunye ne-arrhythmia
Ukuxhatshazwa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo okanye ukuvama kwesantya sentliziyo ngamanye amaxesha kudibaniswa kunye neyesibini zomtya, kwaye kule meko i-arrhythmias ibalwa njenge-carotid neurogenic. Impembelelo yentsholongwane yesisu kwintliziyo ikhula ebusuku, emva kokutya kunye nemisebenzi yomzimba. Izigulane zihlaselwa intlungu entliziyweni, zihamba kunye noyiko lokufa, ukujuluka, ukutywafa. Inzwa ibangela i bradycardia, i-tachycardia, i- extrasystole .
Unyango lwe-vagus nererve
Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokungathandabuzeki indlela yokuphatha i-nerus vagus, oku kuqulathwe uhlobo kunye nobukhulu besilonda, uludwe lwezinto eziphambukayo kunye nembonakalo. Lo mbuzo kufuneka uphathwe kuphela ngumphathi oqeqeshiwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango luphelelweyo kwonyango lonyango ngokuqeshwa:
- i-corticosteroids ;
- iivithamini zeqela B;
- anticholinesterase iziyobisi.
Ngeempawu ezinzima, ukuvuselelwa kwentsholongwane ye-vagus kunqunywe ngentshukumo yombane, kwenziwa umsebenzi. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, izigulane kufuneka zikwazi ukuzinzisa i-nerus nerus ngexesha lokuhlaselwa yedwa, okanye indlela yokuthintela ukucima amandla. Ukuze i-vagus nererve ingabangeli i-arrhythmia, kucetyiswa ukuba:
- ukulibaziseka ekuphefumla;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukucwiliswa kobuso emanzini abandayo;
- ukuxubusha intamo yentamo.