Wonke umama ozayo unomdla wokwazi ukuba umntwana wakhe ukhula njani, obonakala ngathi kunye nokwenza ntoni ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhulelwa. Okwangoku, ngenxa yobukho bendlela yokuxilongwa njenge-ultrasound, umama ozayo angayazi umntwana wakhe ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. Umsebenzi wendaba yethu kukuqwalasela ukuphuhliswa kwembungu kweeveki kunye neenyanga.
Amanyathelo okuphuhliswa kombungu womntu
Kubalulekile ukuthetha ukuba uphuhliso lwe-intrauterine lomntu lunokwahlukana ngamaxesha amabini: i-embryonic kunye neziqhamo. Ixesha le-embryonic liphuma kumzuzwana wokukhulelwa ukuya kwiveki ye-8 yokukhulelwa, xa umbungu uzuza iimpawu zabantu kwaye zonke iziko kunye neenkqubo zibekiwe. Ngoko, makhe siqwalasele izigaba ezisisiseko zokuphuhliswa kombungu womntu. Isiqalo sokuqala kwimbungu yomntu kweeveki kukuchumisa iqanda kunye nesidoda.
Kukho amaxesha alandelayo okuphuhliswa kwamagama:
- Isigaba se-zygotic sifutshane kwaye sihlala kude kube ngumzuzu wohlulo;
- kwinqanaba le-blastocyst. Kule nqanaba, ukuphindaphinda okusebenzayo kweeseli kwenzeka, oku kubangela ukwakheka kwiphubhu enegumbi ngaphakathi;
- kwinqanaba lokugcoba libonakaliswa ngenguqu yebumba elivela kwinqanaba elilodwa kumbindi ombini (i-ectoderm kunye ne-endoderm);
- kwisigaba se-obosablivaniya esibonakala ngokuhlukana kwezitho kunye neenkqubo kunye nophuhliso lwazo.
Kwiiveki ezi-3 zokukhulelwa, ukukhutshwa kwenziwe kwinqanaba elingemuva, elijika libe yintonga ye-neural. Ukwanda kwe-tunnel ye-tube ye-neural inikeza intuthuko ebuchosheni, kwaye intambo yomgogodla iyakhiwa kuyo yonke indawo ye-neural tube.
Kwiveki ye-4 yokukhulelwa kwesigaba se-embbryo senzeke, izicubu kunye nokubunjwa kwamalungu kuqala.
Ukuphuhliswa kwesibindi kwiveki yesi-5 kubonakala ngokubonakala kweempahla eziphathekayo.
Ekuphuhlisweni kwembungu kwiiveki ezingama-6, phawula ukubunjwa okuqhubekayo kwezibambiso kunye nokuqala kokwenziwa kwemilenze.
Ukuphuhliswa kombungu kwiiveki ezi-7-8 kubonakala ngokubunjwa kweminwe kunye nokufumana ukubonakala komntu.
Kwimigangatho echazwe, izinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwembungu ziphawulwe. Kuyaziwa ukuba phakathi kwabokutshaya kunye nabasetyhini abasebenzisa utywala, umbungu uphawula emva kwentuthuko.
Amanyathelo okukhula komntwana kunye nomntwana
Emva kweeveki ezi-8 zokukhulelwa, umbungu ubizwa ngokuba ngumntwana kwaye uqhubela phambili ukuphuhliswa kwawo, ngeli xesha le-fetus inesisindo se-3 gram kunye nobude be-2.5 mm. Ngeveki ye-8 yokuphuhliswa, intliziyo yesisu ishaya kunye nenhliziyo yentliziyo ibonakala kwi-ultrasound.
Kwiveki ye-9-10 yentuthuko, ukukhula nokuphuhliswa kwenkqubo ye-cardiovascular, isibindi kunye ne-bile ducts iyaqhubeka, kwaye inkqubo ye-urinary kunye ne-pulmonary isakhelwe ngokusemthethweni. Kule nqanaba lophuhliso, sele kusekhona iziko zobuncwane, kodwa azikabonakali ngokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngenxa yobukhulu becala lomntwana.
Ngeveki le-16 lokukhulelwa, ubude bomntwana bufikelela ku-10 cm, i-placenta kunye nentambo yomzimba sele iqalile kwaye umntwana usufumana konke okufunekayo ngabo. Ngeli xesha, umntwana uhamba ngokusesikweni kwisibeletho, ulandele umunwe aze agule,
Sihlolisise ukubunjwa kwembungu kweeveki, sabona indlela ukuphuhliswa kwezitho kunye neenkqubo, ukuphuhliswa kwemisebenzi yamanzi ephambili.