Ingqungquthela kwisakhiwo se-craniocebral traumatism senziwa rhoqo. Yindlela elula yomonakalo obangelwa uhlangothi lweengqondo ekhanda. Oku kunqumla uxhulumaniso phakathi kweeseli nganye kunye namacandelo onke obuchopho, obangela ukuphazamiseka kwesikhashana kwemisebenzi yakhe eqhelekileyo. Kwaye nangona kungekho tshintsho okanye ukungafanisi kwisakhiwo sengqondo, ingqungquthela ingaba nemiphumo emibi ukuba imigaqo yonyango ayigcinwanga.
Ingqungquthela kunye neminyaka
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yexhoba, iimpawu zesigxina ziyahlukana - kubantu abadala, kukho phantse kukho ukuphulaphula ingqalelo. Iintsana ngexesha loxinzelelo lubuhlungu kakhulu, ngoko kukho ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo, ukuxhala, ukuhlanza, ukunyamezela nokulala. Iimpawu zihamba kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.
Abantwana bezikolo zasesikolweni nabasesikolweni nabo banamava ngaphandle kokulahleka kwengqondo (ngaphandle koko kunokwenzeka). Abantu abadala bakhathazekile ngexesha kunye nendawo, kodwa bahlale beqaphele.
Impawu zokuqala zomxube
Ingqungquthela ivela ngenxa yexinzelelo, inxeba, ukulimala kwentloko, ngelixa amathambo enkayi ahlala ehleli.
Ngokukhawuleza emva kokulimala kwenzeka:
- ukuhlanza (ongatshatanga);
- ukwanda okanye ukuphuculwa kwenani lentliziyo;
- ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, kukho ukulahleka kwengqondo - umntu unokuhlala kweli lizwe ukusuka kumasekhondi ambalwa (ifom elula) ukuya kwiiyure eziliqela (ifom enkulu).
Emva kokubuyela ekuqaphelweni, isigulane sikhala nge:
- nexhala;
- ingxolo ezindlebeni nasezincungcutheni;
- ukungcola;
- intloko ;
- ukuhla kwamandla;
- kulala.
Iimeko ziba nzima, kodwa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ixhoba liba ngcono. Uxinzelelo lwe-arterial luya kugxininiswa, kodwa ukushisa komzimba kunye nomngcipheko wengqondo kuya kuhlala kumanqaku aqhelekileyo.
Kwiimeko ezinzima, isigulane asikwazi ukukhumbula oko kwenzeka ngaphambi kokulimala (ukubuyisela i-amnesia) kwakhona, ingqungquthela encinci ihamba kunye kuphela nokudideka.
Yintoni enokuyenza ngongoma?
Kwimeko apho umntu olimele engakakwazi, kuyimfuneko ukumbeka kwindawo yokubuyisela - ngakwesokudla. Ngelo xesha, intloko iphonswa emva kwaye ijika ubuso kunye nomhlaba, ingalo engasobunxele nomlenze igobile kuma-angles angakwesokudla. Okuphambili kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixhoba alinalo ukuphuka komlenze okanye izitho. Emva koko kufuneka ubize ugqirha. Ukuba kukho amanxeba avulekileyo entloko, ayaphathwa kwaye i-bandage isetyenziswe.
Ukuba umntu ofumene ingqungquthela yengqondo sele sele efika ekuqapheliseni, uncedo lokuqala kufuneka ukuba linike indawo ekhululekile - elele entloko ephakanyisiwe. I-Ice ingasetyenziselwa kwisayithi elichaphazelayo, ukunyakaza okubukhali kufuneka kufakwe ngaphandle. Awukwazi ukuvumela umntu ogula alele.
Ixhoba kufuneka lithathwe esibhedlele. Ugqirha uya kugqiba ngokuchanekileyo ubunzima beengqungquthela kwaye anike iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, unyango olulandelayo luyalelwe.
Ukunyangwa kwengxolo elula yengqondo
Emva kokulimala, isigulane siboniswa ukuphumla kwesibhedlele iintsuku ezi-1-3, ngelixa kungavunyelwe ukufunda, ukuphulaphula umculo, ukubhala, ukudlala ikhompyutha okanye ifowuni, ubukele iTV. Ukuba isimo sempilo siphucula ngokukhawuleza, ilizwe lokuphumla lide lide kwiintsuku ezingama-5-6.
Amachiza anikezelwe ukuxubusha axhomekeke ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu kunye noxinzelelo, ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi yengqondo, ukuphelisa uxhalaba nokulala. Njengoko i-painkillers iqesha:
- pentalgin;
- analgin;
- baralgin;
- maxigan;
- Sedalgin nabanye.
Ukulwa nokuzondla, thabatha:
- bellaspon;
- bialoid;
- tanakan;
- platyphylline ne papaverine;
- micrometer, njl
Njengamabhunga okunyanga kwiinkcazo ezikhanyayo zobuchopho, i-valerian, i-corvalol, i-motherwort, i-valocardin isetyenziswa. Kulezi ziyobisi, khetha okusebenzayo kwisigulane esithile. Emva kokugqitywa kwonyango (emva kweentsuku ezingama-5-10) kuyimfuneko ukuba ibonakale kwi-neurologist.
Ifom ye-intlanzi ehamba phambili, ehamba ne-amnesia, iphathwa kuphela phantsi kweliso logqirha.