Enye yezinto eziyinxalenye yolonwabo lomntu ukwaneliseka ngesini sakhe. Abantu abaninzi abakucingi ngako, kuba baziva bekhululekile emzimbeni onike lona. Ukuba umntu akayithandi isondo sakhe, kwaye azive engaziyo, ngoko sinokucinga ukuba lo mntu ungumntu weqela labantu be-transgender.
I-Transgender - ukuthini oku kuthetha ntoni?
Ukucacisa ukuba ngababenjalo abagqwethayo beelwimi olucacileyo, umntu kufuneka abhekisele kumxholo weli gama. Ukuguqulelwa kwangempela kweli gama kwisiNgesi kuthetha "ukuhamba ngaphaya kwesini, ngokwesini". Eli gama lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisela kubantu abanobomi babo bobulili kunye ne-self-image abafani. Ukuthetha ngaleli qela, elinye igama lisetyenziswe - ubulili, okubhekisela kwintliziyo yangaphakathi yesini. Iingcali zengqondo kunye neentlalo-ntsapho zibhekisela kwi-transgender bonke abantu abanezo zesini kunye nezobuloli zesayensi ezingahambisani.
Kukho amaqela abantu abaphula umthetho:
- Omkhulu ngumntu oziva efana nendoda, ngoko umfazi uhamba ngokunye.
- I-agender yimeko apho umntu engaziqondi njengommeli wesini esithile.
- I-Genderware - eli qela libandakanya abantu abanomntu ohlukeneyo ngokwesini, ohlukileyo ukuqonda ngokuqhelekileyo kwindoda neyowesifazana.
- Ibhinqa le-transgender ngumntu wezinto eziphilayo, eyaziwa njengendoda.
- I-transgender yindoda ibhinqa le-biological ngokwesini.
Ngaphandle, i-transgender ayilula ukuyiqonda. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abanjalo bafunda ukukwazi ukugqoka nokujonga ngathi ngabameli besini esahlukileyo. Bafunda ukuziphatha kwesini esahlukileyo, bahlalise iimfuno zabo baze baziphathe ngokufanelekileyo. Ngethuba elifanayo, abanakho ukukhokela ubomi obupheleleyo, kuba umzimba wabo unikeza ukungavumelani okukhoyo phakathi kwenyama kunye nengqondo yobuntu babo.
Kuthetha ntoni umfazi we-transgender?
Ibhinqa le-transgender ngumntu wezinto eziphilayo oziva ukuba ngummeli wesigqibo esihle sabantu. Umthetho wamazwe amaninzi uvumela amadoda anjalo emva kokutshintsha iindidi zeemviwo kunye neenkqubo zokutshintsha igama kunye nefayili anikwe yona ekuzalweni. Ekubeni amadoda azivakalelwa njengabasetyhini, oogqirha bavame ukuyalela unyango lwe-hormone , ngaphandle bangabonakala njengabafazi abaqhelekileyo. Izinwele, iimpahla kunye nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha akunakukungcatsha umfazi emzimbeni womntu.
I-Transgender
I-transgender yindoda ngumfazi wezinto eziphilayo, eyaziwa njengommeli wesilisa. Kule meko, ibhinqa liyakwazi ukubona iimpawu ezinjalo ze-transgender:
- akakhululekile kwiingubo zabafazi;
- unomdla kwimisebenzi yamadoda kunye nemidlalo;
- ukuziphatha okubi kunye nokuziphatha kakubi.
I-transgender yokuqala kwimbali
Amabalana abaqala ukreqo angathathwa kwiimbali zamandulo, ezichaza amacala okuguqulwa kwamadoda kubafazi kunye nakwezinye izinto. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, oku kwakucingwa njengento eqhelekileyo kwaye akukho mntu wamangaliswa. Ngokomzekelo, umbusi waseRoman owaziwayo u-Elagabal, okanye u-Heliogabal, olawula ubukumkani kwikhulu leminyaka yesithathu, wayeyaziwa ngeempawu zakhe ezingaqhelekanga. Waye wathembisa imali enkulu kubo oogqirha ababeza kumnceda atshintshe ngesondo.
Enye imeko ye-transgenderity ichazwe kwiHussar Ballad. I heroine enkulu yomsebenzi yayineprototype yangempela - uNadezhda Durova. Kwiimemori zakhe, ubhala ukuba ukususela ebuntwaneni ubonile ukuhlukana kwakhe kwabanye abantwana kwaye uzive enzondo ngenxa yaloo nto. Wayethanda ukugqoka iimpahla zabantu kwaye wacela ukuba azibize ngokuba nguAlesandria.
I-transgender yokuqala yehlabathi, ichazwe kwincwadi yezokwelapha, ngu-Einar Wegener Mogen. Wazalwa yinkwenkwe, kodwa ukususela ebuntwaneni waqala ukuba ngumfazi. U-Einar wayengumculi odumileyo, kodwa washiya lo msebenzi ukuba abe ngumzekelo wephephancwadi apho umfazi wakhe wasebenza khona. U-Einar wayengowokuqala ukwenza umsebenzi wokutshintsha ngesondo. Ubomi bakhe bubungumxholo wefilimu ye-biographical "Intombazana yaseDenmark".
Bangaphi abaphulaphuli abakhona emhlabeni?
Iinkcukacha ezichanileyo malunga nokuba bangaphi na abagqwetha kwihlabathi abakho. Kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi abantu abanjalo bachaphazeleka kakhulu, ngenxa yezinto abazikhethayo ukuba bangabonakali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, njengomfanekiso obonisa ukungafani, inani lokuthunyelwa kwiikliniki malunga nokutshintshwa kobulili kuthathwa. Isalathisi esinjalo asinakujongwa njengento echanileyo, kuba imisebenzi iyindleko kwaye bambalwa kuphela abakwaziyo ukuzifumana.
Ukunikezelwa kwenani lezibheno kwiingcali zeplastiki kunye neenkcukacha ezivela kwezinye iingcaphephe, iindawo zentlalo zibiza abantu abalingana nabalingani be-transgender: malunga nabantu abayizigidi ezili-112 okanye i-1.6% yabantu. Uninzi uphando malunga nalo mcimbi lwenziwe eMelika. Inani elikhulu labantu beli qela libhaliswe kwi-Columbia. Kulapho, inani labantu abangenelisekanga ngesondo sabo lifikelela kwipesenti ezintathu.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-transgender kunye nesondo?
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezesondo kunye ne-transgender yinto yokuba isondo esithandana nomntu sithatha uguquko lwezesondo. Yonke into engqingiliyo isondo. Ukuhlinzwa nophando lweplastiki luyingxenye yenkqubo ende yokulungiswa kwe-transgender. Ngaphambi kokungenelela okunzulu emzimbeni, umntu kufuneka abonane nengqondo yeengqondo, isifo sezesondo kunye ne-endocrinologist. Utshintsho kwisini lunokwenziwa kuphela kanye ngexesha lokuphila, ngoko ke isigqibo kufuneka sibe sisisindo kwaye sizithande.
Indlela yokuqaphela - i-transgender okanye akunjalo?
Ayikho indlela yokuhlukanisa i-transgender kwintombazana, ingakumbi ukuba ithe yahamba yindlela yokuguqula isondo. Ulwaphulo lwe-hormonal luvumela umntu ukuba ahlaziye iimpawu zesondo apho wazalelwa khona. Okokuthi, amadoda athabatha amahomoni amabhinqa abe ngabafazi abaninzi, banenwele encinane, kwaye ulusu luba lula. Kuyabasetyhini emva kwonyango lwe-androgen, ilizwi liba lukhulu, ubuninzi beenwele buya kwanda, lo mfanekiso uzuza izici zobunqunu.
Zingaphi i-transgender zihlala emva kokusebenza?
Ubomi be-transgender buxhomekeke kukuphi uhlobo lokulungiswa kwalo. Iimeko zempilo zichaphazela ukulungiselela amalungiselelo e-hormone, kwinqanaba elithini kwaye lide lithathwa njani. Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-estrogenic kungonakalisa umsebenzi we-cardiovascular system, kwaye iziyobisi ze-antiandrogenic zingonakalisa iintso.
Ukuguqulwa kwesondo ngokwawo akulimazi ngaphezu kwezinto eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza kwecavitary. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo lwentsebenzo emva kokunyangwa kwe-hormonal ekhethiweyo, isondo esithandana nabo singaphila ngexesha eliqhelekileyo njengomntu oqhelekileyo. Ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila lisiza ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukujonga ngokuchanekileyo kwe-endocrinologist kunye nokungabikho kwemikhwa emibi.
Ngaba i-transgender inabantwana?
Oogqirha abanalo ngokungafaniyo kumbuzo wokuba i-transgender ingazala. Nangona utyando lweplastiki lunceda ukufezekisa utshintsho olubonakalayo kwindlela yokubonakala, iyeza lisaze likwazi ukuncedisa ukuxhatshazwa kwabantu besini kunye nokuzala umntwana. Ngethuba lokusebenza, umsebenzi oyintloko uguqula i-genitalia yangaphandle. Kule meko, izitho zangasese zangaphakathi zihlala zingatshintshi. I-transgender kuphela inokuzala umntwana, ongazange adlule kwinkqubo yokutshintsha isondo.
Indlela yokuba i-transgender?
Iingcali zeengqondo kunye neentlobano zesini zineengcamango ezifanayo apho abagqwetha bevela khona. Isizathu esibalulekileyo sithathwa njengesiphumelelo se-hormone kumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okukhokelela ekuphuleni ekubunjweni kwamalungu kunye nengqondo yengane. Ukongeza, zezi zizathu:
- imfundo yentsapho engafanelekanga, apho abazali bekhulisa umntwana ngokungengqinelana nesondo sakhe sokwemvelo, kodwa ngokuhambelana neminqweno yabo yokuba nenkwenkwe okanye intombazana;
- iintlobo zeengxaki zengqondo ezitholwa ngumntwana ebuntwaneni.
Iingxaki zeTransgender
Ingxaki ebalulekileyo yabantu be-transgender idibene nokuphendula uluntu kubantu abanjalo. Uninzi lwabantu ludla ukuphatha eli qela labantu njengabantu abanezifundo ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuxhatshazwa ngokumalunga nabantu abanjalo akunokuba ngumlomo kuphela, kodwa nangokwenyama. Ngoko, umzekelo, uTara Hudson, i-transgender e-UK, watholakala exhomekeke kwintolongo yesibini. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, into efana ne-latent transgender efihla into yayo iyafana.
I-transgender edumileyo
I- transgender edume kakhulu ngabameli bezoshishino okanye izihlobo zabo:
- UShilo Nouvel Jolie-Pitt uyintombazana ye-transgender, kubazali beenkwenkwezi bancedisa ukuba bamkele. IShilo Nouvel igqoke kuphela kwiingubo zamadoda, igqoke iingubo ezimfutshane kwaye ixhasa isimo sayo semasimini ngazo zonke iindlela.
- UTara Hudson ungumgqithisi ozijonga njengowesifazane. Wayevalelwe ngethuba apho wayesele wahlinzwa ngokutsha, kodwa amaxwebhu amasha ayengakalungi. UTara wabekwa kwintolongo yowesilisa, eyayibandakanywe kumajelo aseburhulumenteni kwaye yabonisa urhulumente isidingo sokwenza lula inkqubo yokufumana amaxwebhu amatsha kubantu abanjalo.
- I-Transgender Conchita Wurst yaba ngudumo emva kokuwina i-Eurovision Song Contest ngo-2014.
- Umguquli uDalida - umculi odumile waseFransi, ngokwenene ngumfazi oqhelekileyo. Inkolelo yokuba wazalwa yinkwenkwe yabonakala kamva njengenguqu ebangela ukuba kutheni umculi odumileyo uye waphumelela ukuzibulala.