Ukhuhlane lwenzeka xa kukho ukucaphuka kwamamkeli e-airways. Isizathu salokhu sinokuba khona kwi-bronchi yomzimba wamanye amazwe, amanzi, i-sputum, kunye nenkqubo yokuvuvukala. Amayeza okukhupha abantu abadala akude abe yile nxalenye yonyango. Kuphela kufuneka uwathathe kwiimeko ezithile. Ngaphandle koko, imeko ingaba nzima.
Kuziphi iimeko apho kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe amagciwane okukhupha abantu abadala?
Abaninzi bacinga i-antibiotics - iziyobisi ezinamandla ezikwazi ukujamelana nayo nayiphi na ingxaki yempilo. Kodwa oku akunjalo ngokupheleleyo. Iziyobisi kunye nenyaniso ziyasebenza, kodwa kuphela izifo ezivela kubhaktheriya - oko kukuthi, ezibangelwa yiibhaktheriya.
Njengomthetho, ama-antibiotikiti yokukhwehlela kakhudlwana kubantu abadala anqunywe xa:
- i-tracheitis;
- bronchitis;
- pneumonia;
- isifo sofuba;
- I-Pleurisy kunye nezinye izifo zokuphefumula, zishukunyiswa ngamagciwane.
Ukuze uqiniseke ngemvelaphi yebhakteria yokukhwehlela, kubalulekile ukuqhuba uviwo lwebhoratri lwe-sputum. Iziphumo ezintle zingaboniswa ngu:
- ukushisa kwama-degrees 39 nangaphezulu;
- uhlobo olusisigxina sesifo;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa.
Ziziphi i antibiotics ezithathayo xa zikhwehlela kubantu abadala?
Njengoko kwaziwa, kukho amaqela amaninzi ahlukeneyo weziyobisi ezichasayo:
- I-Tetracyclines iyanqanda ngokufanelekileyo ukuveliswa kweeprotheni, kodwa zichasene nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abantu abanezifo zesibindi kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibhozo ubudala.
- Ngokufanayo, i-macrolides yenza. Kodwa ngokungafani nabameli beqela elidlulileyo, baxhomekeke kakuhle kunye nezigulana ezincinci.
- Ngokuqhelekileyo xa ukukhwehlela komntu omdala, i-antibiotics-aminopenicillins imiselwe. Ziyabhubhisa kwiindonga zebhaktheriya, ezenza ukuba kufumaneke ukufa.
- Ukuba i-penicillin ayinakusebenza, iingcali ziza kunceda nge-cephalosporins. Iziyobisi ze-antibacterial zeli qela zinokuthatha ixesha elide, ngoko ke kwiimeko ezininzi zanele ukuba zithathe kanye kuphela ngosuku.
- Amayeza aphuma kwiluhlu lwe-fluoroquinolones yokukhwehlela kubantu abadala banceda ekudakaleni kwenkqubo yokubunjwa kwama-pathogenic microorganms. Ngelishwa, ukuphumelela kwabo ngeke kuhlolwe ngabamama kunye nabongikazi, izigulane ezinokuhluthwa okanye ukunyanzelwana komntu.
Amagama e-antibiotiki athandwayo kakhulu asetyenziswa ukukhwehlela kubantu abadala
- Eyona nto ifanelekileyo i- Sumamed ibonakele ngokonyango lwe-angina, i-sinusitis, i-otitis, i-red fever, i-bronchitis. Thatha kanye kanye ngosuku, malunga neyure ngaphambi okanye iiyure ezimbini emva kokutya. Xa kunokugqithisa ukugqithisa, iimpawu zesifo sohudo, isisongela, ukuhlanza.
- I-Macropen ngummeli weqela le-macrolide. Inqanaba elivumelekileyo lemihla ngemihla yeyeza liyi-1.6 gram. Qhubeka uthabatha imfuneko ye-Macrofen ukususela kwiiveki ukuya kwiintsuku eziyi-12.
- I-Azitrox inomsebenzi ochanekileyo wezenzo. Ikhosi ephantsi yokunyanga ihlala iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5. Ngenxa yomsebenzi walo, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe isicatshulwa se-antibacterial nangona ukukhwehlela kwiifom zokungahoywa kwe-bacterium pneumonia.
- Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kungena kwiindawo ezinzulu zezicubu ezinokutsha. Umlinganiselo ophezulu wabantu abadala ngama 250 mg. Amachiza kufuneka athathwe ngomlomo kabini ngosuku. Iveki yonyango iya kukwanelisa ukuphazamisa iimpawu kunye nokuthintela ukubola kwakhona.
Apha, yintoni enye i-antibiotics engcono yokukhwehlela umntu omdala:
- Grammidine;
- Azithromycin ;
- Moxifloxacin;
- Levofloxacin;
- Augmentin;
- Ampioks;
- Amoxiclav;
- Tsefpir;
- Cefazolin ;
- Clarithromycin.