Bladder

I-vestile iyilungu elingenalutho lomnyoba womntu. Itholakala ngqo kwicala le-pelvis encinci, ukusuka ngasemva ngokubhekiselele kwingqungquthela yentsimbi. Cinga le ngqungquthela ye-anatomical ngokubanzi, kwaye siza kubiza imisebenzi eyintloko yebladder.

Lo mzimba usebenza njani kubantu?

Isilwanyana sinesakhiwo esifanayo, kubini nakwabesetyhini. Nangona kunjalo, kwisondo esomeleleyo ngokukhawuleza emva kwesibhambathiso yinto ehlala kuyo, ehlangene nayo. Kula mabhinqa emva kwalesi sigaba sakhono sinesifazana . Kufuneka kwakhona kuthiwa abafazi banesifo se-urrogenital ngaphantsi kwe-vestile, kunye ne-prostate gland kubantu.

Kwisakhiwo sangaphandle se-bladder, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa iindonga zangaphambili, zangemva kunye nezalathisi. Ngethuba elifanayo, ngenxa yeempawu zalo zobomi, inxalenye ephezulu yelungu ininzi kakhulu kunomgca. eli lilandelayo lijongwa ngamathambo. Xa i-vestile igcwala umchamo, udonga lwaso oluphezulu luphuma kwaye lukhupha ngaphezu kwe-pubis. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-peritoneum iphakanyiswa, kwaye i-bladder iguqula isimo sayo kwaye ifana neqanda elikhulu.

Inxalenye engaphantsi, ebanzi yesibindi, ebizwa ngezantsi, ibhekane phantsi kwaye ibuyele ngokumalunga ne-rectum. Icandelo eliphakathi lalo lungu, elibizwa ngokuba ngumzimba, ngokukhawuleza luguqulela elunxwemeni lwangaphakathi lomzimba, luyifom ebizwa ngokuba yintonga yesikhumba. Inxalenye engezantsi yezantsi yimingxuma e-3: 2 imilomo ye-ureters kunye neyesithathu yi-urethra.

Ukuqwalasela isakhiwo somntu, umntu akanakunceda ukukhankanya ukuba zindonga zayo. Ngaphandle bahlanganiswe ngekhanda elimnyama, phantsi kwe-submucosa. Uluhlu olulandelayo luyi-muscle kunye neserosa. Kule meko, indawo yomdaka ihlanganiswe ne-epithelium yentsingiselo, ebangela ukuba kuthiwa ukunyathela. Kungenxa yeendleko zakhe, umthamo walo mzimba, unokwandisa amaxesha amaninzi.

I-membrane ye-muscular yelungu imelelwe ngexesha elide, isetyhula kunye ne-internal oblique-longitudinal layers of muscle edibeneyo, esondelelene kakhulu. Kule meko, uluhlu oluphakathi phakathi kwentamo ye-bladder (inxalenye apho ukunciphisa kwayo kwenzeka khona) ejikelezayo ngaphakathi kwireyra yakha i-sphincter yangaphakathi. Leli liziko elijongene nokugcinwa komchamo ngaphakathi kwilesi.

Ukuba siqhathanisa isakhiwo se-bladder kubasetyhini kunye namadoda, kubalulekile ukuphawula ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• kumadoda kuphakamileyo kwi-pelvis encinci, kubafazi baphantsi;
• kubasetyhini - phambi kwezisini kunye nezidumbu, kumadoda phakathi kwethambo le-pubic kunye ne-rectum;
• ubude be- female urethra - 3-4 cm, indoda - malunga ne-20 cm.

Yisiphi isantya?

Nangona kukho isakhiwo esilula, lo mzimba udlala indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu. Ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo se-bladder, ungayichaza imisebenzi yayo ephambili kunye nenjongo. Phakathi kwazo:

• umthombo;
• ukukhutshwa.

Ngoko, okokuqala kukuqokelela nokugcina umchamo. Kucaciswe ukuba umgangatho wesilinganiso somzimba walesi sigaba ngowama-200-400 ml (ngenxa yokwelula kweendonga zomchamo, kuya kubaphazamisa ngakumbi). Kufuneka kwakhona kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba kubantu abadala abanokubhathaka komgca we-muscle we-bladder, ivolumu yayo iyanda.

Umsebenzi wokukhutshwa kwelo lungu lwenziwa ngenxa yokunyanzelana kwemvumelwano yeemfibisi ze-muscle, kwaye ngenxa yesiphumo esichukumisayo kwi-mechanoreceptors ye-urethra.

Kwakhona phakathi kwemisebenzi kunokuthiwa inxaxheba ngokungahambelani nomzimba ekugcineni ukuhlala kwimeko yangaphakathi yomzimba, ngokususa iimveliso ze-metabolism.