I-Chemotherapy kwi-oncology yonyango lwezonyama ezinomdlavuza ezinomdla, ezijoliswe ekubhubhiseni okanye ekunciphiseni ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza ngoncedo lwezilwanyana ezizodwa, i-cytostatics. Ukunyangwa komhlaza kunye ne-chemotherapy kwenzeka ngokuchanekileyo ngokwecwangciso ethile, ekhethwe ngabanye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-chemotherapy regimens of tumors iqulethe iikhosi eziliqela zokuthabatha idibaniselwano ethile yamachiza kunye nekhefu phakathi kwamanani, ukubuyisela izicubu ezinobungozi zomzimba.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-chemotherapy ezahlukileyo ngenjongo yokuqeshwa:
- I-chemotherapy ye-neoadjuvant ye-tumors inqunywe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukwenzela ukunciphisa i-tumor engaxhamliyo yokuhlinzwa, kwakunye nokuchonga ubuzwe bentsholongwane yamangqamuzana kwiziyobisi ukuze kuqhutywe ulawulo emva kokuhlinzwa.
- I-chemotherapy emiselweyo imiselwe emva kokunyanga okunyanga ukukhusela i-metastasis nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda.
- I-chemotherapy yonyango imiselwe ukunciphisa umhlaza we-metastatic.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo kunye nohlobo lwesifo, i-chemotherapy inqunywe ngokwemiqathango eyahlukeneyo kwaye ineempawu zayo.
Chemotherapy ngomhlaza
I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza wesibele iyakwenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenza, nto leyo eyanciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda kwakhona. Kodwa i-neoadjuvant chemotherapy yomhlaza wesifuba inokungaphumeleli, kuba iyaqinisa unyango otyando kwaye yenza kube nzima ukufumana ama-hormone (i-progesterone ne-estrogen), yenza kube nzima ukucacisa uhlobo lwesisu. Isiphumo sesikimu esikhethiweyo se-chemotherapy esinjalo nge-oncology sele sele sibonakala kwiinyanga ezi-2, ezivumela ukuba, ukuba kunyanzelekile, ukulungisa unyango. Kwezinye iimeko, i-chemotherapy ayinakuchaphazeleka, ngoko ke ezinye iindlela zokonyango, ezifana ne-hormone therapy, zinokumiselwa. Kukho ukukhutshwa kwe-chemotherapy yomhlaza wesifuba, injongo yayo kukunciphisa ubukhulu bexuphu yokuhlinzwa.
I-Chemotherapy ngenxa yomhlaza wesibeleko, i-ovary kunye nesifuba inokudibaniswa ne-hormone therapy kwi-tumors exhomekeke kwi-hormone, oko kukuthi, kwiimeko apho amahomoni abantu abenegalelo ekukhuleni kwesisu somhlaza.
I-Chemotherapy yomdlavuza wamaphaphu inendima ekhethekileyo, ekubeni isifo sifumaneka kwiimeko ezininzi kwiimeko ezingenakusebenza, emva kweemetastasis ze-lymph nodes. Ukuphuhliswa komhlaza wamaphaphu emva kokuba i-chemotherapy inokumiswa, okuphucula umgangatho kunye nokwandisa ubomi. Inxaxheba ebalulekileyo ekutyunjweni nasekuphumeleleni kwonyango idlalwe yicandelo lesifo (esingekho encinci yeseli okanye umhlaza weselula).
I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza wesibindi isetyenziswe kuphela njengendlela eyongezelelweyo yokonyango. Oku kubangelwa ubukhulu obuphantsi besifo somhlaza wesibindi kwiyeza zamakhemikhali.
I-Chemotherapy ngenxa yomhlaza wesisu, i-rectum kunye namathumbu athatyathelwa kunye neyeza zonyango, eimeko ezininzi ezivumela iziphumo ezingcono. Xa umhlaza wesisu usuhla, i-chemotherapy inokunyusa ixesha lokuphila malunga nesiqingatha.
I-Chemotherapy kwi-oncology idibene neempembelelo ezahlukeneyo, zombini zesikhashana kwaye zide. Inyaniso kukuba izenzo zamachiza e-chemotherapy zijoliswe ekukhuseleni iiseli zomhlaza, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo zichaphazela kakhulu umsebenzi obalulekileyo weeseli eziphilileyo, kwaye zibiza ukuxhalabisa umzimba. Kwimiba nganye, umngcipheko weempembelelo zamachiza ufaniswa nomphumo olindelekileyo, kwaye kuphela ke isigqibo esenziwe ngokukhetha i-regtimen ye-oncology. Ngeempendulo ezithile zomzimba kwizidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy, kunokufuneka ukuba unqande unyango okanye utshintshe icebo, ngoko kufuneka uxelele
Njengomphumo wezifundo ezininzi kwiindawo zamanomdlavuza, ukuphucula kubonakala minyaka yonke ukunyusa izinga lokusinda kunye nomgangatho wobomi bezigulane. Ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje, ukulungiswa okukhuselekileyo kwe-chemotherapy kuphuhliswa, ukuvumela ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ngaphandle kokuchaphazela izicubu ezinempilo. Izindlela ezikhoyo ze-chemotherapy kumaxesha amaninzi zinokunciphisa kakhulu izidumbu, ukuthintela ukuphindaphinda kwakhona kunye ne-metastasis emva kokunyangwa ngonyango.