I-Epstein-Barr igciwane - indlela yokuchonga nokuchaneka intsholongwane?

I-Epstein-Barr isifo sesinye sezifo ezixhaphakileyo. Ngokwezibalo, abantu abadala abangama-98% emzimbeni baneengqungquthela zesifo. Le ntsholongwane ibhekisela kwizifo ezingathatswayo ezithintekayo. Akukho nto yokugonywa kwesi sifo, ngoko ke, ukuxhaphaka kwayo akunakuchaphazeleka.

I-Epstein-Barr virus - yintoni na?

Kwakuqala ukufumaniswa ngo-1964 kwiisampulu zamathambo. Wavulwa nguNjingalwazi uMichael Epstein kunye nomncedisi wakhe uYvonne Barr. Ngozuko lwabo, kwaye kuthiwa yi-virus. Kwimichiza, isoloko isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iVEB. Le nyikliya enobungozi ingowomntu weentsapho zonyango. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafani nezinye iigciwane kwili qela, i-pathology ayibangeli ukufa, kodwa kuphela ichaphazela iiseli. Ngenxa yoko, uhlobo lwe-4 ye-herpes virus luyabangela ukubonakala kwee-aplasms. Le nkqubo kwipilisi ibizwa ngokuba "ukwanda." Ibonisa ukunyuka kwamathambo.

I-virus ye-Epstein-Barr isetyenziselwa njani?

Umthombo wentsholongwane ngumntu ogulayo. Kuyingozi kakhulu kuba bantu abajikelezile kwisigaba sokugqibela sexesha lokunyusa. Nangona emva kokuba isifo sifunyiwe, umzimba wesigulane uyaqhubeka unikela inani elincinane le-pathogen enye iminyaka eyi-1.5. I-Epstein-Barr yegciwane lokuhambisa igciwane ihamba ngalawa:

  1. Indlela ye-Aerogenic - ingozi yinkcenkcazo yamathambo angcolileyo kunye ne-mucus kwi-oropharynx. Usulelo luyakwenzeka ngokubanga, incoko, ukukhwehlela okanye ukukrazula.
  2. Uqha ga mshelwano kunye nekhaya. Iziqhekeza zomnxeba onentsholongwane zihlala kwiitya, amathuwa kunye nezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo.
  3. Indlela yokuhambisa igazi. Amagxathu angena emzimbeni emva kokuxilongwa kwegazi eligulayo.
  4. Xa isalathiso somnxeba usuqulela - kumnikeli osulelekileyo kuye kummkeli.
  5. Indlela ehamba phambili ivela kumama okhulelwe.

I-arhente emva kokungenelela emzimbeni kungena kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic, kwaye ukusuka apho iya kufaka kwizitho ezahlukeneyo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana, ukufa ngokukhululeka kweeseli ze-pathogenic kwenzeka kwinxalenye. Abaseleyo bayanda ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukugula ukusuka kwisigaba sokuqala kudlula kwisigaba esiqatha, kwaye iimpawu zesifo ziqala ukubonakalisa.

Yintoni eyingozi yintsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr?

Ukubonakaliswa okulula kwesi sigulo kuyisifo esithintekayo. Kubizwa nangokuthi isifo sikaFilatov. Ngomkhuhlane okhuselekileyo, lesi sifo sinomoya omnene. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa ngokuba yintsholongwane ye-viral infection. Kule nqanaba, umzimba uvelisa iziza-mzimba kwi-Epstein-Barr virus. Kwixesha elizayo, i-immunoglobulins igxotha umsebenzi wee-ejenti.

Ukuba ukukhuseleka kunamandla kwaye unyango lukhethwe ngokufanelekileyo, i-Epstein-Barr igciwane ayiyi kubangela nayiphi na imiphumo. Ngokuchasene noko, umntu uya kuba ne-immunity engapheliyo kule ntsholongwane. Ngendlela yokukhuseleka ebuthakathaka, akukho nto ilula yokubuyisela ngokupheleleyo. Intsholongwane iyaqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo obalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu, echaphazela iziko zayo kunye neenkqubo. Ngenxa yoko, izifo ezinzulu ziyakhula.

Ziziphi izifo ezibangelwa yi-Epstein-Barr virus?

Esi sifo sinokubangela ukuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana ezinobungozi. I-Epstein-Barr intsholongwane ibangela iingxaki ezinjenge:

Ukongezelela, kukho utshintsho olukhulu kumsebenzi wokuzikhusela. Isigulane siba neengxaki kwizifo ezithintekayo rhoqo. Ngaphandle kweemeko kubhaliwe apho umntu afunyanwa khona kwizifo, apho kuyakhelwa khona umzimba omzimba. Ngokomzekelo, inokumasisi, inkukhu yenkukhu, i-rubella njalonjalo. Kwimeko efanayo ye-immune system kwimeko ephosakeleyo, i-cytomegalovirus kunye ne-herpes simplex zenzeka.

I-Epstein-Barr igciwane xa ukhulelwa

Le ngxaki ngexesha lokuzala umntwana inzima kakhulu. Kwimeko ethile, ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo kumfazi kunye nomntwana, kwaye kwelinye kuyingozi kakhulu. I-Epstein-Barr intsholongwane ekukhulelweni kunokubangela izifo ezinjalo:

Nangona kunjalo, i-Epstein-Barr virus igG ayisoloko iyingozi kuzo zonke iimeko. Ukuba ibhinqa lihlolwe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kunye neengculaza zakhe zifunyenwe egazini, oku kubonisa ukuba unesifo, kodwa umzimba uphathwa ngokuphumelelayo. Nangona kunjalo, ibhinqa ngexesha lokuzala umntwana liza kuthatha uhlalutyo lwe-PCR 5-7 maxesha. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ulonge imeko kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, qalisa unyango oluphuculweyo.

Ingozi kwixesha elizayo lomama kunye ne-fetus yi-antigens yohlobo lwe-IgG-EA olufumaneka egazini. Ubukho babo bubonisa ukuba isifo se-Epstein-Barr saqalisa kwakhona. Kule meko, ugqirha uya kunika ikhosi ekhethekileyo yokwelapha. Olu hlobo lonyango lujolise ekumiseni i-arhente kwisimo esingasebenzi. Kule fomu, uya kuphepheka ngokupheleleyo kokubhinqa kunye nomntwana ukuba azalwe.

I-Epstein-Barr igciwane - uphawu lwempawu

Esi sifo sinezihlandlo ezintathu: ukutshala, isigaba esibi kunye nesimo esingapheliyo. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokusuleleka, isifo sisisifo. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokukho iimpawu:

Uhlobo lwe-Herpes simplex yesifo sesine 4 izibonakaliso kwisigaba esiqatha sinoku:

Izimpawu zegciwane lesifo se-Epstein-Barr kwisifo esingapheliyo sesifo zilandelayo:

I-Epstein-Barr igciwane - ukuxilongwa

Ekubeni esi sifo sichasene kakhulu nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo, ngaphambi kokuba kuqeshwe unyango ugqirha uya kuncomela isigulane kuviwo. Ukuchonga uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-Epstein-Barr luya kunceda. Isigulane siphengulula ukuhlolwa kwe-immunological. Kwakhona kufuneka adlule ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kunye negazi. Ukongezelela, isigulane sinikezelwa izifundo ukufumana iimpendulo ze-serological.

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha unokuncoma ukunyanzeliswa okungezelelweyo:

I-anti-capgen antigen ye-Epstein-Barr virus

Kwiyeza, i-VCA ekhethiweyo. Amagciwane e-Class G aveliswa ngumzimba kwiiveki ezi-3 emva kokuqala kwesigaba esiyingozi sesi sifo. Zizo kubomi bonke abo babe neVEB. Intsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr ye-capsid ifunyanwe yi-hematological examination. Amanani alandelayo (iyunithi / ml) isebenza njengesikhokelo:

Inyukliya yenyukliya yegciwane le-Epstein-Barr

Kwiyeza, i-EBNA ekhethiweyo. Ukuchonga i-nuclear nyukliya i-Epstein-Barr ingaba ziinyanga ezintandathu emva kokusuleleka kwaye uqalise unyango. Ngexesha lokubuya kwakhona liza. Xa isifundo se-haematological senziwa kwi-Epstein-Barr virus, uhlalutyo luya kuchaneka kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ezi zilandelayo zihambelana:

I-Epstein-Barr isifo se-nuclear

Iveliswa ngabaxhasi abaqhubekayo kwiiseli zomzimba. I-virus ye-Epstein-Barr ivelisa iintsholongwane emva kokufakelwa kwe-genome kwiimpawu zezofuzo zeeseli, ezigxilwe kwi-nucleus yazo. Ama-antigens alungeleyo ashiya indawo yawo "yokuzalwa" aze aphume emlonyeni. Ekubeni zenziwe kwiinuclei zamaseli ezamkelekileyo, izixhobo ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuba yenyukliya. Kuza kubekho, iintlobo ezinhlanu zama-antigen anjalo ayaziwa. Ngenxa yokuxilongwa kwabo, kusetshenziselwa izifundo ezikhethekileyo ze-hematological.

I-Epstein-Barr igciwane - unyango

Kwinqanaba eliphambili lesi sifo, ikhosi ehleliweyo inconywa. Emva kokuba igciwane le-Epstein-Barr lisetyenziswe kwisimo esingasebenzi, kuqhubeka ukufumana imfuyo emakhaya ekhaya. Kunconywa ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-mononucleosis:

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kufuneka kube nzima. Injongo yalo kukuthintela intsholongwane, ukuqinisa amandla omzimba nokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kweengxaki. Nantsi indlela yokuphatha unyango lwe-Epstein-Barr:

Kwimeko nganye, xa isifo se-Epstein-Barr sifumaneka, unyango ngamnye lukhethwa. Ubude bonyango buxhomekeke kubunzima bokubonakalisa kwesi sifo kunye nesimo somzimba wesigulane. Ukuba eso sifo sidlulile kwifomu esingapheliyo kwaye sihamba kunye nokubonakaliswa rhoqo kweenkqubo zokuvuvukala, akukho ndlela ekhethekileyo yokulwa nayo. Unyango kulolu hlobo luyancitshiswa ekuqiniseni umzimba.

Ingaba isifo se-Epstein-Barr sinokuphiliswa?

Ayikwazi ukunqoba ngokupheleleyo eso sifo. Nangona unyango lusebenzisa izidakamizwa zezizukulwana zanamhlanje, i-virus ye-herpes 4 iyaqhubeka ikhona kwi-B-lymphocytes. Lapha ligcinwa ubomi. Ukuba umntu unesigxina esinamandla, intsholongwane eyenza isifo sika-Epstein-Barr singasebenzi. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukhuseleko lomzimba luyancipha, i-VEB idlulela kwisigaba sokuxhatshazwa.

Igciwane lesifo se-Epstein-Barr - unyango kunye nezilwanyana zabantu

Ulunye unyango olulodwa lunikeza iziphumo ezibonakalayo. Isetyenziswe ngokubambisana namachiza akhethwe kakuhle kwaye phantsi kweliso logqirha. Ipropolis yenye yeendlela zonyango. Icandelo elincinci (ukuya kuma-5 mm ububanzi) kufuneka lichithe kuze lichithe ngokupheleleyo. I-Epstein-Barr intsholongwane yemifuno ibonisa ukusebenzisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukuba: