Iiplatelet zincinci zamaseli ezincinci ezijongene nokucima i-biological fluid. Ba nxaxheba:
- ekumiseni ukuphuma (i-hemostasis);
- ekondleni iindonga zemithambo yegazi.
Inkqubo yokuhlanganiswa kweplatelet ivela njani?
Ngokukhawuleza xa sifumana umncinci omncinci, umzimba ubonisa ingxaki. I-Thrombocyte igijimela kwiinqanawa ezonakalisiweyo, eziqala ukuqokelela kunye. Eli nyathelo libizwa ngokuba yi-aggregation. Kwenzeka kwizigaba ezimbini:
- Okokuqala, iiplatelet zihlanganiswe ndawonye - le yinqanaba lokuqala lokubunjwa kwe-thrombus.
- Emva koko baqhotyoshelwe kwiindonga zeempahla.
Emva koko kwi-clot yeeplatelet ezinye izinto, iiplatelets ziyakumathela, kwaye ngenxa yoko i-thrombus ikhula ize ivalwe iindonga eziqhekekileyo zeemithwalo yegazi ukuze igazi lingadluli. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ingozi esongela ukwakhiwa kwamacangci egazi - ezi ntliziyo, ukubetha.
Naluphi na ukungaqhelekanga, nceda uqhagamshelane neengcali.
Uvavanyo lwegazi lokucima
Ukufundwa kwe-platelet aggregation kuyimfuneko ukuthatha uvavanyo lwegazi:
- Ukuba kukho imivimbo ephazamiseka kakhulu, amanxeba awaphilanga kakuhle, kaninzi kukho igazi elivela ekhaleni - oku kuwuphawu lokuba i-coagulability yegazi iyancitshiswa.
- Ukuba kukho ukuvuvukala - ngokuchaseneyo, i-coagulability yanda.
Uhlalutyo luqhutyelwa ngokuzisa i-inducer ye-aggregation kunye nokujonga ukuphendula. Njenge-inducer, izinto ezenziwe ngama-clot-forming substances, ezikufutshane ngokubunjwa kwizinto zendalo, zisetyenziswa.
Ukuhluthwa kweeplatelet kuhlolwe ngoncedo lwabafundi abafana nale:
- adrenaline;
- izixhobo zodonga lwe-vascular: i-adenosine diphosphate (ADP);
- ristocetin (ristomycin);
- i-collagen;
- serotonin.
Ukudibanisa ngokukhawuleza kweeplatelets kunqunywe ngaphandle kwee-inducers.
Ngaphambi kokuthatha uvavanyo, kufuneka ulungiselele ngokucokisekileyo ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuba kuchaneke. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ulandele le mithetho:
- Ngaphambi kokuthatha uvavanyo, yeka ukuthatha zonke izidakamizwa ze-aspirin (dipyridamole, i-indomethacin kunye nabanye) kunye nezidandlululo.
- Uhlalutyo kuthathwa kwisisu esingenalutho, iiyure ezili-12 emva kokutya kokugqibela, ngokukodwa akufuneki ukutya ukutya okunamafutha.
- Musa ukuziqhayisa ngokwemvelo, zilawule.
- Ngosuku olungasayi kusela ikhofi, iziyobisi, ukuba ungadli igalikhi kwaye ungabhiyi.
- Ukuba umzimba uphuthumayo inkqubo, uhlalutyo kufuneka luhlehliswe.
- Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ngexesha lokuya esikhathini, ukuncipha kwegazi kuphawulwa kwabasetyhini, kwaye oku kunokuchaphazela umphumo wohlalutyo.
Isiqhelo se-platelet aggregation
Isixa esiqhelekileyo seeplatelet egazini kuthetha ukuba umntu unempilo ephuculweyo, izicubu kunye nezitho zinikezwa nge-oksijini kunye nentsimbi ngokwaneleyo.
Isiqhelo somxholo weeplatelet sisuka kwi-200 ukuya ku-400 x 109 / l. Kwakhona, kwi-laboratory yokufunda iswatchwatch lilinganisa ixesha apho amaqela amaninzi aseplatelet akha khona. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokubunjwa limizuzwana eyi-10 ukuya kweyesi-60.
Ukwandiswa kweplatelet aggregation
Ukuze uqonde uhlobo luni lwesimo, xa ugcino lweplatelet linyuka, kufuneka uqaphele oku: igazi likhulu, lihamba kancane ngeemithanjeni yegazi, lugxotha. Oku kubonakalisa njengengqondo yokugada, ukuvuvukala. I-thrombocytosis enjalo yenzeka xa:
- i-atherosclerosis yeemitha zegazi;
- isifo soxinzelelo;
- isifo sikashukela;
- leukemia;
- umdlavuza wesisu okanye iintso;
- lymphogranulomatosis ;
- emva kokususwa kwepeni;
- sepsis.
Igazi elininzi linobungozi kwiimeko ezinjalo ezimbi:
- i-myocardial infarction;
- i-thrombosis yemilenze yemilenze;
- ukubetha ;
- Ukufa ngokukhawuleza ukususela kumathuba omhlaba we-aorta yi-thrombus ekhethiweyo, njl.
Ukunciphisa ukwanda kweeplatelets
Ngenani elincinci leeplatelets kwimimandla yegazi iba yi-brittle, ukuphuma kwamanzi kuyama ngxaki.
Ukuba i-platelet aggregation yancitshiswa, kufuneka:
- Kuphephe ukulimala.
- Qaphela ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunye notywala.
- Ukutya ngokuchanekileyo, ukuphelisa ukutya okunesonka kunye nosawoti.
- Kukho ukutya okunotye ngesinyithi (iibhunge, ii-apula, i-buckwheat, inyama, intlanzi, i-parsley, i-pepper, i-nut, isipinashi).