Ingubo ye-thyroid iyona nxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu, ekusebenzeni kwayo kuxhomekeke kwimeko kunye nomsebenzi wazo zonke iistim zomzimba womntu. Yiyo le gland evelisa izinto ezikhethekileyo zezinto eziphilayo-i-hormone ezichaphazela ukukhula kwamaseli omzimba kwaye zilawulwe iinkqubo zesisombululo. I-pathologies ye-thyroid gland iquka iintlobo eziphazamisayo kwizinto ezibalulekileyo zendalo yonke.
I-Hypoplasia (hypoplasia) ye-thyroid gland isifo esizalwe ngumzimba esibonakalayo emva kokuzalwa. Le ntsholongwane iqala ukuphuhliswa kwayo ngexesha lokubeleka kwaye linokudityaniswa nomxholo ongenelisekile we-iodine emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelweyo, kunye ne-thyroid gland ekhoyo kuye. Ukongezelela, ukuphuhliswa kweengxowa zomzimba wonke kudlalwa ngokugqithiseleyo, nangona i-hypoplasia yenxalenye yengxaki ye-thyroid (umzekelo, i-lobe ekhohlo) ngamanye amaxesha idibana nayo.
Ukuba ezo mpazamo zifunyenwe (kwinqanaba), zifunyanwe kubantu abadala, zibizwa ngokuba yi-atrophy ye-thyroid gland. Nangona kunjalo, igama elithi "hypoplasia" lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza eso sifo. Indlela yokwenza i-atrophy ye-gland ihambelana nokunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe kwimiqulu yamathambo ayo asebenzayo ngenxa yokufa kwee thyrocyte - iiseli zengqungquthela ze-thyroid, ukuvelisa ama-hormone. Ngenxa yokungahambi kwamahomoni, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypothyroidism ikhula.
Iimbangela ze-hypoplasia ye-thyroid gland kubantu abadala
Masigxininise izizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-orrophy ye-thyroid:
- izifo ze-pituitary gland, apho i- hormone ye-TSH , echaphazela umsebenzi we-thyroid gland, ayivelwanga;
- ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-thyroid ze-genesis yokuzimela;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lemithi ye-thyreostatic evimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwamahomoni e-thyroid;
- unyango nge-iodine yama-radioactive, ubuninzi be-iodine emzimbeni;
- ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kwiinkcuphu zegland;
- izicubu ezibi zesifo se-thyroid.
Iimpawu ze-hypoplasia ye-thyroid gland
I-Pathology ikhula kancane, ngoko iimpawu ze-hypoplasia ye-thyroid gland ayibonakali ngokukhawuleza. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypoplasia kunoku:
- ubuthathaka, ukukhathala;
- ukukhubazeka kwememori;
- ukudandatheka;
- kunciphisa umnqweno wesini;
- isikhumba esomileyo;
- izipikili ezibuhlungu , ukulahleka kweenwele;
- ukushisa komzimba;
- ukungabi nesidlo ngokusesikweni sokwanda kwesisindo;
- ukuthuthumela komzimba;
- ininzi kwaye ihlala ixesha elide.
Kwinqanaba eliphambili, uphawu oluphawulekayo luyi-edema yamanqwanqwa angaphantsi, ehamba kunye neempembelelo zengqiqo. Kukho ukukhukhula okuqinileyo kobuso, ubuqhophololo beentloko zeebhokhwe, iingxowa phantsi kwamehlo, ukungabikho kwintetho yobuso.
I-Echopriznaki hypoplasia ye-thyroid gland
Qinisekisa ubungakanani obuchanekileyo begciwane le-thyroid, ngaloo ndlela uqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-hypoplasia, kunokuthi kwenziwe kuphela nge-ultrasound. Ukulinganiswa kobukhulu besigqeba kwenziwa kwaye kuqhathaniswa neeparitha ezifunyenwe kunye nemimiselo yobudala. Isalathisi esona sikhulu
Unyango lwe-hypoplasia ye-thyroid gland
Unyango lwe-hypoplasia ye-thyroid gland ixhomekeke kwisilinganisi se-pathology (esilinganiselweyo, esinzima, njl.), Inani leenguqu ezingenakuguquka kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, izizathu zokuphuhliswa kwayo. Ukubuyiselwa kweeseli ze-gland akunakwenzeka, ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba kuthathe imishanguzo yokuphelisa okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu zesifo. Kukho isidingo sokudla rhoqo kwezidakamizwa ze-hormone (indawo yonyango). Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukungenelela kwindlela yokunyangwa kuyimfuneko.