I-Meningitis kuthetha ukuvuvukala kweembrane zengqondo. Isizathu sesifo sinokuba yiintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya kunye nefungi, ngoko-ke i-meningitis ingazibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngendlela yokuyiqonda eso sifo kwisigaba sokuqala kunye nexesha lokufuna uncedo lwezonyango, siza kuxela kweli nqaku.
Impawu zokuqala ze-meningitis kubantwana
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-pathogen, iimpawu ze-meningitis kubantwana zifana kakhulu. Esi sifo sibonakaliswa nobukho beempawu ezixhaphakileyo, ezingabakho kwezinye izifo. Isifo siqala ngentsholongwane, kwaye ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa komzimba kunye ne-meningitis kungafikelela kwi-39-40 ° C, ehamba kunye nentloko yesimo esiqhekezayo. Abantwana baba yi-lethargic, okanye, ngokuchasene noko, banelisekile kakhulu. Xa i-meningitis ibonwa, intlungu yesisu kunye nokuhlanza amaninzi.
Unokumisela i-meningitis ngemiqondiso emininzi ethile, efana nale: ukubonakala kweendawo ezipinki ngosuku lokuqala lwesifo. I-Rash ne-meningitis isasazeka kulo lonke umzimba kwaye ibonakala ngokubonakala kwamaphuzu amancinci egazi. Xa i-meningitis iphimbo eligqithisileyo leentlobo ze-occipital - umntwana akakwazi ukugoba entanyeni ukwenzela ukuba isilwane sakhe sifinyelele esifubeni. Kwakhona, iimisundu zomda ziphela. Ukufumanisa le mpawu, isigulane sifakwa emqolo wakhe kwaye umlenze ugobile kwii-angles ezifanelekileyo ukuya kwinqumlo kunye nokuguqa ngamadolo. Xa ungalugxina umlenze, akunakwenzeka ukuguqa umlenze emadolweni. Kubantwana bonyaka wokuqala wobubomi, kukho ukugqithisa kwepeyinelthi enkulu kunye nokukhangela kwentloko.
I-virus ye-viral and deadly bacterial meningitis inempawu ezifanayo, ngoko okokuqala uphawu, kha wuleza i-ambulensi. Ukuxilongwa kwe-meningitis kumele kwenziwe kuphela ngugqirha, kuthatha intonga yomgcini.
I-meningitis enobuchopho kubantwana
I-menigitas e-Viral iqhubela rhoqo kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi zibangelwa yi-enteroviruses (i-Coxsackie virus kunye ne-ECHO), kaninzi kuninzi ngeentsholongwane ze-mumps, i-herpes, i-mononucleosis okanye i-encephalitis ephawulwe ngamakethi. Ukukhulelwa kubakho ngoqhagamshelwano nabantu abagulayo kunye nokungena kokuphuma kwabo emlonyeni, impumlo, i-anus ekhaleni nasemlonyeni. Iintsholongwane zingena kuqala kwi-nasopharynx kunye namathumbu, ize ifike egazini. Ngokutsho koogqirha, ukuba nomntu ogulayo kukhuselekile, ngelixa ulandelelanisa ngokucophelela imithetho yokucoceka. Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu abantu abanomdla wokugqithisa ngokwemfuza.
Kuze kube namhlanje, oogqirha baye baphikisa ngokupheleleyo inkolelo yokuba i-meningitis ingagula kwi-hypothermia. Kwakhona, awukwazi ukufumana i-meningitis kwinto yokuba kwixesha elibandayo akudingeki ugqoke ihappy - usulelo luhlala luhlala kwigumbi elifudumeleyo.
I-meningitis ye-Viral ibizwa ngokuba yi-serous meningitis (aseptic), iimpawu zabo kubantwana abanjengobanda obubandayo. Esi sifo sihlala malunga neveki kwaye sidlula zonke izifo zentsholongwane ngokwazo, ngaphandle kokufuna unyango olukhethekileyo.
I-meningitis ye-bacteria kubantwana
I-bacterium (purulent) ye-meningitis ibangelwa ibhaktheriya (intonga ye-hemophilic, i-pneumococcus, i-meningococcus). Ama-Pathogens adluliselwa ngamaconsi aphuma emoyeni ngamagqabhoko enqabileyo emqaleni kunye nasopharynx. Ezi zifo-mzimba zikhona kwi-nasopharynx yomntu onempilo kwaye ayilimazi nantoni na, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zichaphazela ingqondo ngenxa yesizathu esicacileyo okanye phantsi kwefuthe kwezinye izinto:
- ubukho bentsholongwane kufuphi neembande zeengqondo - sinusitis, purulent otitis;
- ukuvutha komzimba emzimbeni, apho i-pathogen engena egazini - i-pneumonia, umqala womqala, isondo;
- i-craniocerebral trauma, xa ama-microbes angene kwiimbombo zeengqondo ngokuhamba kwegazi;
- ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa komzimba womzimba.
I-meningitis ye-bacterium isifo esiyingozi kakhulu esidinga ukunakekelwa kwangoko unyango. Kuza kube yimhla, umlinganiselo ophezulu weprophylaxis ngokubhekisele kwi-bacterial meningitis ugonyo.