I-Nephrit syndrome iyinkimbinkimbi epheleleyo yeempawu kunye neempawu ezithile ezibonisa inkqubo yokuvuvukala ezintso. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifunyanwe kwizigulane ezine-glomerulonephritis. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-pathology ebonakalisiweyo ivumela ukuqala ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngexesha leyeza unyango kwaye uphephe imiphumo emibi.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-nephrotic syndrome kunye ne-nephritic syndrome?
Ezinye izigulane aziboni umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini-ziinkomfa, kodwa kukho ukungafani. UJade uguqulwa kweentso, kwaye i-nephrosis kukutshatyalaliswa kwabo. Lo mboniso unobonakaliso obanzi. I-Nephrosis inokuquka ukuvuvukala kancinci ezintsheni nasekufeni kwazo. Ezi syndromes zihluke kakhulu. Ukwahlukana kubonakaliswe kwizizathu kunye neendlela zokuphuhliswa kwezifo.
I-Nephritic ne-nephrotic syndrome yeentlukwano zinjalo:
- Indawo yokutshatyalaliswa. Kwi-nephritis, iziganeko ze-pathological phenomena zijoliswe kwi-renal glomeruli. Ezi nkalo ziye zavutha, ngenxa yoko, umlambo ubanjwe emzimbeni. Kwi-nephros, ukunyuka kwama-protein-lipid iimveliso kwiiseli ze-epithelium kuyabonwa. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukuphulwa kweenkqubo zokuxilonga.
- Shintsha ekubunjweni kwegazi. Nge-nephrotic syndrome, ukuxilongwa kwe-albumin kwintlupheko ebalulekileyo iyancipha. Ukongeza, i-coagulability yegazi iyanda.
- Hematuria. I-nephritic syndrome ihamba kunye nobukho bamaseli obomvu kumchamo. Oku, ngokwenene, uphawu oluphambili lwalo mzimba.
Ukuba sicinga indlela i- nephrotic syndrome ne-nephritic syndrome ehluke ngayo, umahluko phakathi kwabo ubonakaliswa ngokubaluleka kokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo. Kwimeko yokuqala, isifo sinokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza siphumelele kwaye ngokukhawuleza kunokukhokelela kwingxaki yeengxaki. Ngokwesibini ukuhluka, iimpawu zesifo zibonakaliswa emva kweveki ezi-1-2 emva kwefuthe le-factor factor in the body.
I-Nephrit syndrome - i-pathogenesis yeembonakalo zayo eziphambili
Izizathu zeso simo sisifo. Ukunikezelwa kwe-pathogenesis yezi ntlobo zesifo:
- eziphambili - zinxulumene nenkqubo ye-pathological eyenzeka ezintsheni;
- okwesibini - lesi sifo senzeke kwinani lezitho ezisemgangathweni, kwaye ke iya kwi-apparatus ye-glomerular.
I-Nephritic syndrome pathogenesis inale:
- izifo zentsholongwane (i-hepatitis, mononucleosis , herpes);
- izifo ezizimelayo ( scleroderma , lupus erythematosus, vasculitis);
- izifo ezibangelwa yi-bacteria (i-meningitis, i-typhoid yesisu, i- endocarditis );
- isifo se-streptococcal;
- impendulo yokugonya;
- irradiation yomzimba;
- i-thrombosis yeemvini ze-renal;
- isifo sikashukela ;
- ifuthe kumzimba wezinto ezinobuthi kunye neetyhefu.
Ukongeza, le syndrome inefom elandelayo:
- bukhali;
- engapheliyo.
I-nephritic syndrome
Le fomu yesifo ibonakaliswe ngolu hlobo olunzulu lwee-tissue ze-glomerular. Ukongezelela, i-nephritic syndrome ebonakalayo ibonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza kwamazinga okuphuhliswa. Zonke iimpawu zayo ziyakwazi ukwahlukana ngokwemigangatho ibe yinto engacacanga. Kwinqanaba lokuqala leempawu, apho i-nephritic syndrome ephawulekayo, inokuthi:
- ubukho bamaseli obomvu kumchamo;
- Ukuvuvukala ubuso ukusuka kusasa kunye neenyawo ukuya kusihlwa;
- Ukwandisa izinga lentliziyo kunye nexinzelelo lwegazi;
- unengqondo enzulu yokoma kunye ne-oligoanuria;
- ukuwohloka kwemithambo yegazi.
Ukuze i-nephritic syndrome ephawulekayo impawu ezingabonakaliyo ziyimpawu:
- intlungu;
- ukwanda kancinci kumbindi womzimba;
- i-malaise jikelele, ihamba neentloko ezinzima;
- inzuzo;
- ukwehla kwintsebenzo.
I-nephritic syndrome engapheliyo
Enyanisweni, oku kungenxa yesimo sengqondo sokunyaniseka kwimpilo yakhe. Ukuba i-nephritic pathology ayifuni ukufumana uncedo lwezonyango, isigulo siya kudlulela kwifomu engapheliyo. Ukulwa nezifo kule nqanaba kunzima kunokuba kunqanaba lokuqala. Kwimeko engapheliyo yesifo, ugqirha akayi kuphelisa kuphela le meko, kodwa "uhlambulule" imiphumo yakhe. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, xa okokuqala kubonakaliswe ngokucacileyo uphawu olubonisa ukuba i-nephritic syndrome iqala ukuvela, yileyilitye ye-urinary, kufuneka uhambe kugqirha. Ukuziqhelanisa kunokusongela ubomi!
I-Nephritic syndrome - ukuxilongwa
Ngaphambi kokukhetha indlela yokonyango, ugqirha uya kumisela isigulane kwibhubhoratri kunye nokuhlolwa kwezinto. Ukuxilongwa kwe-Nephrotic ne-nephritic syndrome kungaqinisekisa. Iquka ezo zixhobo:
- vavanyo lwegazi;
- CT;
- Ultrasound;
- i-smear evela emqaleni;
- i-angiography;
- urinalysis;
- coagulogram;
- i-biopsy yeeseli zeentso.
I-Nephrit syndrome - urinalysis
Ngenxa yokuhlanjululwa kweentso, i-oliguria iyaqatshelwa (inani lokukhutshwa komnxeba liyancitshiswa libe yi-0.5 ilitha ngosuku). Ngelo xesha, ubuninzi bomchamo bunyuke. Ukongezelela, ukuba kukho isikrokro se-nephrotic nephritic syndrome, umxholo ophezulu weprotheni uyabonakala kwi-fluid ihoxiswe emzimbeni. Kwiintsuku zokuqala zesifo, esi sibonakaliso sinokuba ngama-40-90 g / l.
Kwakhona, ukuqinisekisa i-nephritic nephritic syndrome ye-urinary, isigulane sinokubelwa iimvavanyo zomchamo ze-laboratory:
- Uhlalutyo lukaNechiporenko;
- uviwo lwezinto ezincinci;
- Uvavanyo lukaReberg;
- nkcubeko;
- ityala ngoZimnitsky.
Nefritic syndrome - unyango
Ulwaphulo lwenziwa esibhedlele, ngoko ugqirha unokukwazi ukujonga imeko. I-nephritic syndrome iphilisa, kwaye kwangaphambili isigulane siya esibhedlele, inkqubo elula kwaye yulezi yokuphulukisa iya kuba. Ukulungiswa kwamachiza kwangexesha elilodwa kwenziwa kwezi zikhokelo ezilandelayo:
- ngokuqhelekileyo kwiprotheni egazini;
- ukuthintela ukuqhubeka kwesifo;
- ukuzinza kwengcinezelo yegazi;
- ngokuqhelekileyo kwe-diuresis.
I-Nephritic urinary syndrome iphathwa ngolu hlobo lonyango:
- I-Antibiotics (i-Erythromycin, i-Cephalosporin okanye i-Penicillin) isetyenziselwa ukulwa nezifo zesifo.
- Ukuphucula i-microflora yephepha lokugaya, misela i-probiotics (i-Hilak forte, i-Acipol, iBifidumbacterin).
- Ukucima inkqubo yokuzimela, i-glucocorticosteroids (ngokuqhelekileyo iPrednisolone) isetyenziswa.
- Ukwandisa ukuxhatshazwa komzimba kumaziko atshabalalayo kuncedwa ngama-immunostimulants (Cytovir, Immunal).
- Ukunciphisa i-edema, i-diuretics isetyenziswa (Hypothiazide, Trigrim, Furosemide).
- Qinisa umzimba kunye nevithamini zakhiwo (Vitrum, Selmevit).
I-Nephrit syndrome kwi-diabetes mellitus
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo kulula ukuyiphatha. Ukuba emva kokuba iinkqubo zokuxilonga ziqinisekisile i-urinary syndrome kwisifo sikashukela, unyango luyenziwa ngokwesikimu esikhethekileyo. Unyango kulolu hlobo luquka oku:
- Ukumiswa kwe-glucose egazini.
- Ukuthatha ulawulo loxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ukwenziwa komlinganiselo we-cholesterol.
- Unyango ngokuqeshwa kweSudedexide (kabini ngonyaka).
Nefritic syndrome nge glomerulonephritis
Ekulweni nalesi sifo, unyango lweziyobisi luhlanganiswe nononophelo lwangonyango. Ezi zilandelayo ziquka ukungqinelana nolawulo kunye nenkqubo yokutya okhethekileyo. I-urinary syndrome kunye ne-glomerulonephritis inokutshatyalaliswa ukuba umntu unamathela kwisondlo esinjalo:
- Ukunciphisa inani lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
- Ungabandakanyi ukutya kokutya okucoca, iziqholo, utywala, ikhofi kunye ne-tea eqinile.
- Nciphise ukusetyenziswa kwetyuwa.