Izifo ezichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumula kwaye zithunyelwa ngamaconsi aphuma kumntu ukuya kumntu zidibaniswe zibe yiqela elifanayo le-SARS, iimpawu zazo zingahluka, kodwa ziqhube kwiinqanaba eziliqela. Elandelwe ngethuba elifutshane lokunyusa. Ukubonakaliswa kwezonyango kuyafana, nangona banesicatshulwa esahlukileyo kwaye umntu ngamnye udluliselwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Yintoni i-ARVI?
Kwinqanaba lezifo, ii-agents ezibangelwa yi-DNA kunye ne-RNA-containing containing viruses, zibandakanya iintsholongwane ezingama-200. Zihlangene negama eliqhelekileyo: ukutheleleka kwentsholongwane yentsholongwane yokuphefumula (njengokuba isigama esivunyelwe ngokuqhelekileyo sigqityiweyo). Ezi zezifo eziqhelekileyo kubantu bonke ubudala. Kulula ukusuleleka, ukukhanya kubonakaliswa unyaka wonke, kodwa ixesha eliyingozi kakhulu likwindla-ebusika.
Izigulana ezenza i-infused respiratory infections
Izifo zokuphefumula zidala i-proxyyrilar living organisms prokaryotes: ibhakteria, chlamydia, mycoplasmas. Ukungena kwiiseli ze-epithelium, baqala ukuwachitha. Uninzi lwezilwanyana eziphilayo ziqulethe i-ribonucleic acid, ngaphandle kwe-DNA, kwaye yonke i-genetic information idibene kwi-RNA. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentsapho zeentsholongwane zikhupha i-ARVI, isifo sinokubangela iintlobo ezinjalo zegciwane njenge:
- i-rhinoviruses kunye ne-reoviruses (ngaphezu kwe-110);
- umkhuhlane weentlobo ezintathu (A-C);
- i-parainfluenza (iindidi ezi-4);
- ii-adenovirus (ngaphezu kwe-40);
- I-RSV (2 serotypes);
- i-enteroviruses njengeCoxsackie, i-ECHO nabanye
Ukusasazwa kwezifo eziphefumulayo zentsholongwane
Ukuba awuhambisani nokutyunjwa kunye namanyathelo okukhusela, iziganeko ze-ARVI zingafikelela kuma-30% okanye ngaphezulu. Ngamaxesha amaninzi, zidlula zonke ezinye izifo emhlabeni kwaye zixhaphaze kakhulu. Usulelo ludluliselwa emoyeni: xa ukukhwehlela, ukukrazula, ukuthetha, ukukhulula iincinci ezincinci zamathe kunye ne-mucus (umzekelo, xa ukhala). Kwakhona, intsholongwane ingangena emzimbeni ngezandla ezingcolileyo, ukutya, izinto zendlu. Unamandla ngakumbi omzimba wokuzivikela, ukungathinteki kangako: ukuba usuleleko luya kwenzeka, umntu uya kubuya ngendlela elula.
Ukutheleleka kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane yokuphefumula - iimpawu
Kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana, iimpawu ze-ARVI zifanayo. Izifo zeCatarrhal ziqala nge-malaise encinci, ukufihla, ukunyuka kunye nomqala omzimba , kunye nomkhuhlane. Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zentsholongwane yentsholongwane yokuphefumula kwintsholongwane kwisigaba sokuqala:
- coryza;
- ukuxubha amehlo, iinyembezi;
- ukukhwehlela, ukukrazula;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- i-lymph nodes;
- ukunyanzeliswa kwama-herpes angapheliyo;
- utshintsho kwizwi.
Emva koko, uhlobo olunjalo lubonakalisa njengamaqatha kumalungu, iintloko, iintlanzi, intlungu ephezulu emqaleni, njl. Ezi ziimpawu ezifana nokuqala kwesi sifo, ukuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo, iziganeko ezihambelanayo ze-catarrhal (i-edema, impumlo, umqubu, njl.). Ukuxilongwa kwimeko yesifo esenziwa ngugqirha kwaye kubeka unyango olufanelekileyo lwezonyango ukususa iimpawu ezingundoqo.
Usulelo lwe-Adenovirus - iimpawu
Ngamanye amaxesha izifo zentsholongwane zihamba kunye nomkhuhlane ophezulu (ukusuka kwi-37.5-38 degrees), ehamba ngokukhawuleza, ekwazisa ngentsholongwane, kwaye ihlala iintsuku eziliqela - ukusuka kwi-4 kuya kwe-10. Ngoko i-adenovirus ibonakalisa, iimpawu zazo ngaphezu kokubanda okuphezulu:
- ukuhlanza okanye isifo sohudo, kuba intsholongwane iyathintela isondlo sesisu;
- i-edema yeenkophe kunye nokukhala;
- i-conjunctivitis;
- ukukhwehlela - owomileyo owomileyo, owomileyo, kunye nokukhulelwa kwe-sputum;
- ukudibanisa kwendoda;
- ukukhukhuma kweetoni;
- intlungu xa uginya.
Ukuphefumula kwama-Syncytial Infection - Izibonakaliso
Isifo esiyingozi se-viral nature, isifo sokuphefumula sisifo, sisoloko sichaphazela iphepheni yokuphefumula. Intsholongwane iyanda kwindlela yokuphefumula, ngoko ke igama layo. Inxalenye ephambili ye-PC-infection yiyo yokuba ukuba awufumani unyango olufanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuhlakulela i-bronchitis okanye i-pneumonia. Kwixesha lokuphuhliswa kwesifo, bazibonakalisa ngakumbi nangaphezulu. Olu hlobo lwe-SARS luboniswa yimpawu:
- imeko engumzekelo - ukwanda kwenyameko kwindleko yokushisa kwezinye iidridi, kungekho 37,5-38;
- ukukhwehlela okomileyo okungaphazamisekiyo;
- umkhuhlane, utshintsho lwezwi;
- ukukhutshwa kwamanzi empumleni;
- amandla entloko.
I-Rhinovirus isifo - iimpawu
I-agent causative yale pathology yintsholongwane encinci, engapheliyo. Iyakwazi ukuxhathisa kwizinto zangaphandle, kodwa iphinda yanda ngokukhawuleza kwimeko ebandayo yomshushu, ngoko i-inclinate incidence iwela ekwindla, ebusika, entwasahlobo. Ukusuleleka kwe-Rhinovirus kuthinta i-mucosa yamanzi. Umkhuhlane wamanzi uqala ukwahlukana, uze udibanise. Iimpawu zilandelayo:
- ukuphosa;
- ukwanda kancinane kwimobushushu;
- ukukrazula;
- Ukuxininiseka kwamanzi kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla;
- ukulila;
- ukuguqulwa kwamalungu.
Ubungakanani obushushu bokugqibela be-ARVI?
Xa intsholongwane ingenele emzimbeni, ukuphendula okukhuselekileyo kubangelwa. Ukushisa okubanzi kwi-ARVI kwanda, ukuchasana nosulelo, ngokuqhelekileyo, idigri ezimbalwa - igcinwe ngaphakathi kwe-37 oC. Kodwa umkhuhlane unako ukwandisa, izibonakaliso ziza ku-39-40 ° C. Yonke into incike kumandla omzimba, iminyaka yobugulane (ubushushu buphezulu kubantwana), uhlobo lwegciwane. Ezinye iintlobo zomkhuhlane azibangeli. Xa isifundo sesi sifo siqhelekileyo, kunye ne-ARVI ubushushu buhlala iintsuku ezingama-2-3. Kwezinye iimeko zide:
- Umyinge weentsuku ezingama-5 kunye nomkhuhlane.
- Iintsuku ezingama-7 nge-adenovirus.
- Ukufikelela kwiintsuku eziyi-14 ngeparinfluenza.
Ubuhlungu ku-ARVI
Izifo zentsholongwane zichaphazela iphepheni, kodwa iimpawu zingabonakalisa ngokuhlukileyo, kubangela ukungahambi kakuhle nokubuhlungu, kunye nama-aches kumalungu. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-heady dizzy and head head in ARVI, oku kungenxa yokunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye nokuxiliswa komzimba. Intlungu ikomeleza emva kokukhawuleza okukhuselekileyo, ukuguqulwa kwentloko. Ukuba isigulo siyaphula ngokukhawuleza, ukuphumla kombhede kunele ukususa iimpawu ezingathandekiyo. Ngomkhuhlane kunye nokuxhatshazwa kakhulu, kufuneka kube nemilinganiselo embi ngakumbi: ukuhlamba impumlo, ukunyuka kwamaqabunga, ukuhlalisa iintempile.
Yintoni enokuyenza no-ARVI?
Ukutheleleka kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane yentsholongwane yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqala unyango ngexesha, ukuphelisa iimpawu kunye nemiphumo, ukuze kungabangeli iingxaki. Iimbono eziqhelekileyo ukuba zonke iindawo ezibandayo zihamba ngokwalo ngeveki ayilunganga, usulelo lunokuchaphazela ezinye izitho. Ngoko ke, intsholongwane kufuneka ibe phantsi kolawulo. Ukuchaphazela imbangela yokusuleleka, umntu unceda umzimba ukujamelana nawo. Indlela yokuphatha i-ARVI? Ngoncedo lwe-anti-viral agents kunye neziyobisi ezikhuthaza ukuveliswa kweprotheni ye-immune, i-relief of symptoms.
Yintoni endiyenzayo ukuba ndiyenayo impawu zokuqala ze-ARVI?
Iimpawu zokuqala zentsholongwane yentsholongwane yokuphefumula ayinzima ukuyibona. Ukudibanisa kwe-Nasal, intlungu yomlomo, ubuthathaka, imfiva yonke imiqondiso yokuba umzimba ulwa nesulelo. Kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokuthintana nomntu osulelekileyo ubonisa ukutheleleka kwintsholongwane yokuphefumula komzimba, unyango kufuneka luqale ngokukhawuleza. Ukujamelana nayo kwinqanaba lokuqala kuya kunceda iindlela ezinjalo:
- Gcina ikhefu lokuphumla. Umzimba udinga ukuphumla kunye nobushushu obuhle.
- Umoya egumbini kufuneka uhlaziye kwaye unomanzi. Ukuhamba esitratweni kuvunyelwe ukuba akukho mkhuhlane.
- Ukutshisa inani elikhulu le-eti-liquide, i-juice efudumeleyo, i-compotes, iziphuzo ziselo, ubisi.
- Ukubonelela ukutya okunempilo okubandakanya ukunciphisa amanqatha, ukutya okunesonka.
- Zama ukuhlahla izinga lokushisa , ungadluli kwi-38-38.5 degrees.
- Gweba uze uhlanjululwe isigxina somnxeba ngesisombululo se-furacilin, i-chamomile okanye ityuwa.
- Thatha iziyobisi zokulwa neyeza-Ergoferon, Kagocel nabanye.
Izifo ezithintekayo zokuphefumula kwintsholongwane - ukuthintela
Kulula ukukhusela eso sifo kunokuphelisa imiphumo yaso. Isihloko sichaphazeleka ngokukhethekileyo ngexesha lokuqubuka kwiinyanga ezibandayo. Uthintelo lwe-ARVI luqala ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha. Ukukhusela ukusuleleka, ikakhulukazi kwixesha eliyingozi, kufuneka ulandele isilumkiso, ugweme ukunxibelelana nezigulana kwaye ukwandise ukhuseleko lwakho kunye nokuchasene nokusuleleka. Njengoko abantwana banomdla kakhulu kwiintsholongwane, ezi zilandelayo zikho iingcebiso kubo (ingakumbi ngexesha lokuqubuka):
- Ncipha umnxibelelwano nabantu abaninzi.
- Yeka ukuya echibini kunye neklinikhi ngaphandle kwesidingo.
- Ukuba uqhagamshelana nesigulane kuthethwa ukuba, gqoka i-gauze yokugqoka, imaski.
Iintlobo ze-Viral zifa kwindawo enobungozi kwaye zihlala zisebenza kwindawo eyomileyo, eshushu, apho kukho uthuli oluninzi. Ngoko ke kuncedo ukuhlala uvuselela igumbi, ugcwalise umoya omtsha, uqaphele umgangatho wobuncwane, yenza ukucoca kwaye ungakhohlwa ukuhlamba izandla zakho. Ezi ndlela zokuthintela zisebenza ngokugqithiseleyo kunee-gauze masks. Uncedo lokujamelana neentsholongwane kunye nee-oyile eziyimfuneko, ukutshabalalisa umoya, imisebe ye-ultraviolet.
Kwixesha elibandayo, izifo ezibangelwa umoya, ii-ARVI ziba zixakeke ngokukodwa, iimpawu zazo ezifunyenwe ngumntu ubuncinane kanye kanye. Isifo se-pathological sibonakala ngobuthathaka, ukunqotshwa kwenkqubo yokuphefumula, umkhuhlane. Akunabo bonke abantu abawela esi sifo kalula, iingxaki zinokwenzeka, ingakumbi ukuba ungeyonto enzulu malunga nokubonakalisa kokuqala kubanda kwaye uqalise ukuphuhliswa kwesifo ngokwawo. Uphulo olufanelekileyo ngexesha olufanelekileyo nolungileyo luqinisekisa isiphumo esheshayo.