Xa umntwana osweleyo eqala ukugula esibhedlele, oogqirha abazange bavumile i-alamu. Oku kuyinto eqhelekileyo kunye neyendalo, ebolekisa unyango olukhawulezayo. Nangona kunjalo, ekudala, amehlo kunye nolusu oluphuzi lunokubangela ukuba abazali bakhathazeke. Ziziphi iimpawu ze-hepatitis kwaye kufuneka ndiyenze ntoni xa ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa? Masizame ukuqonda lo mbuzo.
I-hepatitis kubantwana - iimpawu
Ngokukhawuleza xa umntwana efika ehlabathini kwaye esesibhedlele, kubalulekile ukubeka iigcino ezimbini: enye isifo sofuba (oko kuthiwa yi-BCG), kunye nesibini-ngokuchasene ne-hepatitis B. Ingqwalaselo enjalo kwi-virus ayikho ingozi. Kubantu abadala, esi sifo senziwa ngeempawu zobungqina, kwaye kubantwana zikwazi ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Yingakho kwiinyanga ezintathu neenyanga ezintandathu, abantwana babuyiselwa kwakhona. Isitofu sokulwa nesifo se-hepatitis A sinikezelwa abantwana abaneminyaka engama-3 kwaye baphinde baqaliswa kwiminyaka emithathu nesiqingatha. Nangona kunjalo, akusoloko isifo sengcinezelo esinyanzeliswa kumzimba womntwana, sinceda ukuphepha isifo. Ngoko ke, ngamnye umzali kufuneka azi ukuba uyayiqonda njani impawu zeentlobo zintathu ze-hepatitis kwinzala yakhe:
1. I- Hepatitis A. (isifo sikaBotkin). Unokungena emlonyeni kunye nokutya, kunye nesigulane kunye nale ntsholongwane okanye kunye nezandla ezingcolileyo. Ifomu eqhelekileyo ye-hepatitis. Ukuqala kwesi sifo kubonakaliswe ngumkhuhlane ophezulu, iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane (ubuthathaka, izibilini, intloko, iintsimbi zomzimba wonke). Emva koko isibindi kunye nesigxina sesisu seqala ukulimaza. Kubantwana, ezi zibonakaliso ziya kuqondwa. Umntwana unokukhononda ngentlungu kunye nobunzima kwi-hypochondrium yesinqweno kwaye anqabe ukutya. Uhudo kunye nokuhlanza kuya kwenzeka. Ebusuku, umntwana unokukhathazeka ngolu vavanyo lwesikhumba. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kunokwenzeka ukuba umbala umchamo kumbala webhiya, kunye neendwangu zichazwe.
2. I- hepatitis B. (i-serum hepatitis). Unobungozi ngaphezu kweentlobo zangaphambili. Unokudluliselwa ngotata lomama, igazi, ummatha kunye neinyembezi. Iimpawu ze-hepatitis B kubantwana zinzima kakhulu ukuzimisela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngumbuzo wale fomu yesifo, ngoko kuyafaneleka ukubeka ingqalelo kwizikhalazo ezilandelayo kunye nezikhombisi:
- ukuphuma kwegazi kunye neengxaki zomsindo;
- ukwanda kwesibindi, i-pancreatic ne-bile ducts;
- ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa;
- intlungu esecaleni eliphezulu lesisu
- ukukhawuleza kwesikhumba.
3. I- hepatitis C. Ifomu eyingozi kakhulu yesifo. Intsholongwane inempahla ehlala ishintsha, ivumela ukuba iphile iminyaka emininzi yomzimba womntu. Impawu eziphambili zentsholongwane: ubuthathaka, ukukhathala, ukungabikho kokutya, ukubala kwesikhumba ephuzi, kumnyama komchamo kunye nokucaciswa kwamagqabi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngesifo, kunokuvela ukuphuculwa okucatshulwayo, apho kuma-80% amatyala akhokelela ekubeni i-hepatitis engapheliyo ingenzeka. Kubantwana, inokuba yinto enobungakanani okanye yobumnene.
Naluphina uhlobo lwesifo luphathwa ngokuphumla kombhede kunye nokutya okuqulethwe yimifuno yemifuno, iiprotheni, i-carbohydrate engcolileyo, imifuno entsha, izithelo kunye neentshisi. Ngokuphucula ukuphucula impilo kunye nokuphucula, amalungiselelo okukhetha kunye namachiza okuphucula iinkqubo zesisombululo seeseli zesibindi zongezwa kunyango. Kwimeko yesifo se-hepatitis B, izidakamizwa ze-anti-virus zingongezwa. Ukukhulelwa kwe-hepatitis kubantwana kuphathwa ngendlela efanayo, kodwa ukugcina ukutya okufanelekileyo kuyimfuneko ebomini.