Isizathu siquka inkqubo yokukhuthaza umntu kumsebenzi othile ukwenzela ukufezekisa iinjongo, zombini kunye nentlangano. Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi, kubalulekile ukuchaphazela iminqweno yabo kwaye bavumele ukuba bafezeke emsebenzini. Kuza kubekho, kukho iimbono ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngabaphathi beenkampani ezahlukeneyo.
Iingcamango zanamhlanje zokukhuthaza
Iinkqubo ezicetywayo ngabafundi bezengqondo zephondo ekudlulileyo kunokuba zingabalulekanga, njengoko uluntu luhlala luqhubeka. Abaphathi banamhlanje ngokugqithiseleyo basebenzise iinjongo zenkqubela-mfundiso eziqwalasela iimfuno njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokuziphatha ehambelana nemeko ethile. Umntu, ukufezekisa injongo ethile, usasaze umzamo kwaye ukhethe uhlobo oluthile lokuziphatha. Kukho iingcamango zamanqaku ezinje ezikhuthazayo ekulawuleni.
- Ukulinda . Ubonisa ukuba umntu ufanele akholelwe ukuba ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kuya kukuvumela ukuba ufumane oko ufuna.
- Ukubeka iinjongo . Uchaza ukuba ukuziphatha komntu kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi.
- Ukulingana . Isekelwe kwinto yokuba ngomsebenzi umntu ufanisa izenzo zakhe nabanye abantu.
- Ulawulo lokuthatha inxaxheba . Ubonisa ukuba umntu onomdla uthatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi we-intra-organization.
- Ukukhuthaza ukuziphatha . Isekelwe ekusebenziseni izizathu zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo.
- Isibonelelo senkcazelo . Kuthetha ukusetyenziswa kweemali ezikhuthaza imali.
Isiseko esiyintloko sesishukumisayo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iingcamango ezisusela ekuhloliseni iminqweno zisetyenziselwa ukufundisisa izinto ezikhuthaza abantu. Ukuqonda iindlela zokushukumisela umsebenzi othile, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimpawu eziphambili zomxholo kunye nemeko yenkqubo. Iingcamango ezisisiseko zabasebenzi abakhuthazayo ekulawuleni zibonisa ukuba inzuzo ebalulekileyo kumntu iimfuno zakhe zangaphakathi, ngoko ke abaphathi kufuneka bafunde indlela yokuyiqonda kakuhle. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ezininzi iinkqubo ezikhoyo zifuna ukuphuculwa ukuze zisebenze kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje.
Imfundiso yeHerzberg yokukhuthaza
Njengomphumo wezifundo ezininzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, i-psychologist yaseMerika yabona ukuba abantu abaninzi umvuzo omhle akuyona nto ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni umsebenzi wokuzonwabisa, kodwa kubangelwa ukuba bangabikho. Iingcamango ezimbini ze-Herzberg ekulawuleni zichaza ezimbini iindidi ezibalulekileyo, eziza kubakho abantu abakhuthazayo.
- Izinto ze-Hygien . Eli qela liquka izizathu ezibalulekileyo kumntu ukuze angafuni ukuyeka: isimo sezenhlalakahle, intlawulo, umgaqo-boss, ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu kunye nezimo zokusebenza.
- Izizathu zokukhuthaza . Oku kubandakanya ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba benze imisebenzi yabo. Zibandakanya: ukukhula kwamathuba emisebenzi, ukuhlonishwa kwamagunya, ubuchule bokuvelisa kunye nempumelelo. Ukwaneliseka kwazo zonke iinkcukacha ezichaziweyo kuvumela ukukhuthaza umntu ukuba asebenze.
Imfundiso kaMaslow ye-Motivation
Le ngenye yeendlela ezichanekileyo kunye neendlela ezipheleleyo zokuhlenga iimfuno zomntu. Ngokwe-psychologist eyaziwayo, umgangatho wobomi ngokuthe ngqo uxhomekeke ekubeni abantu banelisekile njani babe neenjongo zabo. Imfundiso yeMaslow ekulawuleni isetyenziswe kaninzi kunezinye. Iipiramidi ezikhethekileyo zaphuhliswa, ngokusekelwe kwizidingo ezibalulekileyo zomzimba.
UMaslow ukholelwa ukuba ukuqhubela phambili phezulu kwinqanaba kuyimfuneko ukwanelisa iimfuno zesinyathelo ngasinye. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba umbhali ugxininise ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba kwimbono yakhe yokukhuthazwa kwipiramidi yenza umntu anqwenele uluntu, kwaye kungekhona umntu othile, kuba bonke abantu ngabanye, kwaye, njengoko kwaziwa, kukho ukungafani nomgaqo obalulekileyo.
Imfundiso kaMcClelland yokukhuthaza
I-Psychologist yaseMerika incomo yakhe imodeli yeminqweno yabantu, eyahlukana ngamaqela amathathu: umnqweno wamandla, impumelelo nokubandakanyeka. Zivela ebomini ngenxa yokufumana amava, ukusebenza kunye nokuthetha nabantu. Imfundiso kaMcClelland ekulawuleni ibonisa ukuba abantu abafuna ukufumana amandla bafuna ukukhuthazwa, banike inkxaso ngemali kunye namanyathelo okufezekisa injongo, ukuzithemba ngamakhono abo kunye nobuchule babo, kwaye banomdla kwiinjongo zeqela lonke.
Iphuzu lesibini kwimfundiso ye-motivation ekulawuleni nguMcClelland yimfuneko yokuphumelela. Kubantu abazama ukuphumelela, kanye inkqubo yokufezekisa injongo ibalulekile, kodwa noxanduva. Xa befumene umphumo, babala ngokukhuthaza. Iqela lesithathu ngabantu abanomdla kwiintsebenziswano, ngoko ke ngenxa yokukhuthaza kwabo ukuba banomdla ebomini babo.
Inkolelo yesizathu sikaFreud
U-psychoanalyst owaziwayo wayekholelwa ukuba umntu ebomini bakhe unqandezela ezininzi iiminqweno, kodwa azizange zinyamalale kwaye zibonakalise ngexesha xa umntu engazilawuli, umzekelo, ephupheni okanye ekukhunjweni. Ngenxa yoko uFrud iphetha ukuba abantu abakwazi ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo iinjongo zezenzo zabo, kwaye ngokubanzi kunxulumene nokuthenga.
Iingcali zolawulo zifuna ukufunda iinjongo ezingabonwayo zabathengi, ukuzama ukubonakalisa iimfuno zabo ezinzulu, kunye nokungaboni into ephezulu. Imfundiso kaFreud ye-motivation ibandakanya ukusebenzisa iindlela ezilandelayo zophando: iintlangano zamahhala, ukutolika kwemifanekiso, imidlalo yokudlala kunye nokugqitywa kwesigwebo esinika ulwazi olubaluleke ngaphezu kweemvavanyo eziqhelekileyo.