I-kholera yisifo esiqatha, esenzeka ngohlobo lweentsholongwane zamathumbu. Izizathu, iimpawu zekholera, kunye neendlela zokonyango kunye namanyathelo okuthintela izifo zinikezelwa kwizinto ezichaziweyo.
Iingxaki zeKholera
Ukukhulelwa komntu ngekholera kwenzeka xa uphuze amanzi okanye ukutya kunokungcola nge-cholera vibrios. Ijusi yesisu ibulala inxalenye ye-bacilli, kodwa enye inxalenye yayo ingaqala ukuphindaphinda kwiphepha lesisu. Ekungcoleni kweemveliso ngekholera vibrios, iimpukane ezithwala ukususela ekukhutsheni kwesigulane zibaluleke kakhulu. I-kholera isasazeka kwizandla ezingcolileyo ekudibanisaneni nabathwali be-vibrio okanye abantu abagulayo.
Iimpawu zekholera
Ifom ejwayelekile (algal) yekholera iqala emva kokuxubusha kweentsuku ezingama-2-3. Ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliswe iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:
- izihlandlo eziqhelekileyo kunye ezininzi (amaxesha amaninzi ngemini) yerayisi yokunquma okanye i-slope inyama;
- isicupunu, ukuhlanza;
- kuncipha kwiqondo lokushisa lomzimba ukuya kuma-degrees 34-35;
- ukuxiliswa komzimba ngokubanzi , kubonakaliswe ngendlela yokudibanisa, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wenhliziyo.
Ngenxa yokudalwa kwamanzi amaninzi, ukubonakala kwesigulane kuyatshintsha:
- ulusu lufumana umthunzi we-cyanotic, luba lukhuni, lulahlekelwe lukhulu;
- zibukhali;
- amehlo abukeka angenanto.
Isikhathi sesifo sisuka kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-15.
Nceda nceda! Inobungozi ngokukhethekileyo yindlela yokoma (eyomileyo) yekholera. Iphuma ngaphandle kokuhlanza kunye nesifo sohudo, esichazwe yimeko enzima yokungazi. Ukufa kungenzeka kwiiyure ezimbalwa.
Unyango kunye nokukhusela i-kolera
Ukwelashwa kwekholera kunzima kwaye kubandakanya:
- ukuxhamla kwangaphakathi kunye nokunciphisa umzimba wesisombululo somzimba esifudumeleyo;
- ijoyi e-intravenous ye-5% isisombululo se-glucose;
- ukuqhuba unyango lwe-antibiotic.
Iintlobo ezimbini zokuqala zenkqubo zijoliswe ekukhuseleni ukungcola umzimba.
Ukongeza, isigulane sinokuthi:
- ukudluliselwa kwegazi okanye i-plasma ihlanjululwe ngesisombululo saline;
- ukuqaliswa kwe-ephedrine, i-camphor kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezijolise ekubuyiselweni kwenkqubo ye-cardiovascular system;
- Ukufudumala umzimba ngokufudumala nokuhlamba okufudumele.
Isigulane ngekholera sidinga ukunakekelwa ngononophelo kunye nococeko. Phakathi kohlaselo lokuhlanza, iindawo ezincinci zinikwa ukusela. Xa ukuhlanza kumisiwe, isigulane sinikwa ukutya okulula. Imenyu ibandakanya:
- ipayipi yelwelo;
- isobho;
- i-kisels;
- imifuno ngesimo sezambatho ezifihliweyo.
Ukuthintela ukwakhiwa kwekholera kwenziwa kwinqanaba likarhulumente kwaye kubandakanya imisebenzi elandelayo:
- Ukulawulwa kobutyebi kumda.
- Ukubeka iliso lwamanzi.
- Lawula phezu kwentlangano yokutya karhulumente.
- Qinisekisa ukuthunyelwa kwexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokulahla inkunkuma, ngokukodwa ukutya.
- Ukubhedlelelwa kwezigulane, ukusekwa kwesigxina.
- Ukugonywa kwabemi xa kuthe kwafunyanwa izifo zesifo.
Ukuthintela ukungcola, kubalulekile ukugcina ingqalelo imimiselo yococeko lomntu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kweemeko zangasese.