Ukwanda okwexinzelelo lwegazi (BP) ukuya kwi-220/120 mm. gt; Ubugcisa. kwaye ngasentla kuthiwa yingxaki ephezulu. Ingxamiseko kwaye idinga ukunakekelwa kwangoko kunyango. Uninzi lwamaxesha amaninzi ubunzima bunokubangelwa ngabantu abanexinzelelo - abantu abaneengcinezelo zegazi ezixinzelelekileyo.
YoNcedo lokuqala
Ngokutsho kwimizila yokuphuhliswa kweempawu, le nkathazo ichazwa ngamaqela amabini:
- Ikhula ngokukhawuleza (i-3 ukuya kwi-4 iiyure), ebonakalisa ukuxhamla kwi-systolic (phezulu) iimpawu kunye neengxaki zemifuno: ukugqithisa kunye nokusazela, ukujuluka, ukuthuthumela, i-tachycardia, intlungu e-nape, ubomvu, i-nudea, i-chills, "izimpukane" ezikhanyayo phambi kwamehlo, uxinzelelo kwietempile.
- Ikhula kancane (iintsuku eziliqela) kwaye, ngokusemthethweni, kwizigulane ezixinzelelekileyo "ngamava". Ihluke ngokungena kwi-diastolic (ngaphantsi) uxinzelelo. Isigulane sibhekene nentloko, uziva unesisindo kwaye udinwe.
Unyango lweengxaki zexinzelelo oluphezulu kufuneka luqale ngokubonelelwa ngoncedo lokuqala:
- Beka isigulane.
- Ukubonelela ngeemvakalelo, kungekhona nje uxolo lomzimba.
- Faka isicelo sokubanda kumqolo wentloko ukuze ukhulule intlungu.
- Ukubeka kwi-back and caviar plaster plaster.
Ukuba ikhefu lekhabhinethi ine-hypotensive (ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi), kufuneka ithathwe ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphandle koko, balinde ugqirha. Abasebenzi abaphuthumayo bavame ukujoba kwaye bayeke iingcebiso zokunyamekela isiguli.
Kwiimeko ezinzima, ingxaki ephezulu yonyango kufuneka iphathwe esibhedlele-oku kulungile nakwi-abizwayo. ifom ehambelanayo, ihamba ne-stroke, i-edema ye-pulmatic, i-downrochmark, i-eclampsia, i-eclampsia, i-eclampsia, i-eclampsia, kunye neemeko eziphuthumayo ezibangelwa kukutshatyalaliswa kwamalungu athile (iinjongo, intliziyo, ingqondo) phantsi kwefuthe legazi eliphezulu. Emva koxinzelelo lwe-hypertensive, okwenzeka okokuqala ebomini bam, unyango luchithwa esibhedlele.
Ifom engahambelananga ibonakaliswe ngurhulumente oqhelekileyo wezitho ezijoliswe kuyo, kwaye ngoko umgangatho wonyango lwangoku lweengxaki ezixinzelelekileyo unomlinganiselo wokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngamachiza omlomo.
Unyango lweengxaki eziyinkimbinkimbi zexinzelelo
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngeengxaki ezilukhuni, ezi zi yobisi zisetyenziswa:
- I-Clonidine - iipilisi okanye i-droppers;
- Iifayile ze-Nifedipine phantsi kweelwimi; xa ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga kunye nokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo qaphela;
- i-nitroprusside ye-sodium-injection drip, ukuba ingxaki ihamba kunye nokungaphumeleli kwe-renal , i-aneurysm ye-aorta, i-hypertensive encephalopathy;
- Iipaptopril - iipilisi phantsi kolwimi (nge-stenosis yamarridi enamaqhekeza, ukutshatyalaliswa kwezintso kunokuba nzima);
- Amaconsi okanye iinjenge ze-labetalol; lifanelekileyo ukungafezeki kwamathambo kunye nokuxhalabisa;
- I-Fentolamine - ilawulwa ngokusesikweni kwonyango lexinzelelo oluphezulu, okwenzeka ngaphandle kwemvelaphi ye-pheochromocytoma;
- I-Enalapril-intravenous infusions (injections) kunye nokuxutywa kwe-glucose; isicatshulwa sifanele ukunyanzeliswa kwesifo senhliziyo senhliziyo, ukuxhalabisa, ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo.
Ulwaphulo lwenziwa phantsi kolawulo lugqirha, isigulane siboniswa ukuphumla kombhedlele oqinileyo.
Unyango lweengxaki ezingathandekiyo ezingqongqo
Ngomgangatho onzima, ukulawulwa ngomlomo (ngokusebenzisa umlomo) weziyobisi ukwenzela unyango lweengxaki zexinzelelo oluphezulu, okanye ukuba iinjongo ze-intramuscular ziyadingeka ukuba zenzeke ngokukhawuleza.
Amayeza angcono amaCaptopril, iClopheline (clonidine), i-Nifedipine.
Isikhumbuzi! Ukunciphisa izinga loxinzelelo lwegazi kufuneka libe ngokufanelekileyo - 10 mm Hg. Ubugcisa. ngeyure. Ukuba i tonometer inika amaninzi amaninzi, akufanele unganqikaze ukubiza i-ambulensi. Ingaba kuyimfuneko ukuya esibhedlele, kuphela ugqirha ugqiba!