Izinyo zobulumko - zonke iimpawu zokukhula kunye neyonyango ezisibhozo

Umhlathi womntu ugqitywa ekupheleni kweminyaka eyi-22-27. Ngalesi sikhathi kufuneka abe ne-32 molar, 16 ngaphezulu nangaphezulu. Imikhosi yesithathu okanye "ezisibhozo" iqhuma emva koko, ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-17-18. Ngenxa yoko, bafumana igama labo elidumile.

Iyintoni inyoya yokuhlakanipha?

Zonke i-molar zinesakhiwo esifanayo kunye nomyinge ofanayo. "Eyesibhozo", inyosi yokuhlakanipha ayikho into. Iqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

• iingcambu kunye neengcambu zengcambu;
• kwigumbi lepalp;
• Uluhlu lweentente;
• koqweqwe lwawo.

Ukwahlukana kuphela phakathi kwezinyo "ezisibhozo" kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo lixesha lokuqhuma kwalo. Iqala ukudala kwiminyaka engama-6-7 kwiminyaka yomhlathi. Kancinci inyosi yokuhlakanipha ikhula ngobukhulu (ngokuyinxalenye isithsaba inxalenye kunye negumbi le-pulp). Ngeminyaka eyi-15-17, iingcambu ziqala ukwenza, ngenxa yoko kukukhula okuthe ngqo.

Bangaphi amazinyo obulumko umntu analo?

Ngo-92% wabemi behlabathi, i-4 molar molars yenziwe, 2 kwimigca ephezulu nangaphezulu. Abanye abantu (malunga ne-0.1%) banama-6 okanye ngaphezulu "aphakamisa", ngamanye amaxesha abayiyo yonke into (malunga ne-8%). Ngangaphi amazinyo obunzima obuya kukhula, achaphazela:

• uhlanga;
• ukuzalwa;
• ubukhulu bomhlathi.

Ngaba ufuna amazinyo obulumko?

Abadokotela bamazinyo abaqhubela phambili baye baqinisekisa ukuba iziko ezicatshangelwayo zizitho zangasese. Kwiminyaka yanamhlanje, i-adentia eyintloko ye-molars yesithathu iyaqhubeka ibonakalayo-imeko apho zonke iingcambu zezinyo zobulumko kunye neengxenye zayo ze-coronal azikho. Oku kungenxa yenguqu ekudleni kwabantu. Ngaphambili, abantu babefanele badle ukutya okunokutya okuqinileyo kunye okuqinileyo, okwakudingeka ukwandise ubukhulu bomhlathi. Ukuphuhliswa kwempucuko kubakhokelela kwimimandla yeesitya ezinokudityaniswa kunye nezicatshulwayo, ezingadingi umgangatho wokuhlafuna ongezelelweyo.

Inyo lokuhlakanipha yimihla yokuhlala, eyayiyimfuneko kubantu basekuqaleni, kodwa sele ilahlekile imisebenzi yayo. Akasayi kuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokuhlafuna, ngoko akuyona into ebalulekileyo yesoxhobo zokusebenza. Iingqungquthela, "ezisibhozo" zinokuba luncedo kwi-prosthetics njengenkxaso yebhuloho , ukulungisa umhlaseli okanye ukubetha. Ngokuqhelekileyo isistim sesithathu sisuswe ngenxa yengozi eyingozi apho ukukhula kwayo kuhambelana khona:

• ziqeshwe ;
• iinkqubo ezivuthayo (pericoronaritis);
• ii-cyst kunye nezinye iiplastiki;
• ukufuduka kweso dazinyo, ukuxhamla;
• izifo zelungu le-temporomandibular;
• indawo ;
• isifo semisipha yomzimba;
• iingxaki zeengxaki kunye nezinye iingxaki.

Amazinyo obulumko akhula njani?

Ukulungiswa kwezinto "zokuphakama" kwenzeka ngamnye ngamnye kumntu ngamnye. Yonke into emithathu yesithathu iyakhula ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kaninzi ibonakala enye ngexesha. Ukuba izinyobulumko zobomi zinqunyiwe, iimpawu ezininzi ezingamnandi zivakalelwa, abaninzi abantu baneengxaki ngendlela yokuvuvukala kunye nokuxhaswa kwegum. Ngenxa yokuphela kokukhula komlenze we "ukuphakama" kukho igumbi elincinci, ngoko ke ukubonakala kwazo kuhamba kunye nesifo esibuhlungu besifo.

Amazinyo okuhlakanipha aqala ukukhula nini?

Umlinganiselo osemgangathweni apho ukukhuphuka kwemikhosi yesithathu kwenzeka khona iminyaka eyi-17-18. Ngamanye amaxesha inye enye inzingo yobulumko ikhula ngexesha elichaziweyo, kwaye ezinye zivela emva koko, ukuya kwiminyaka engama-27. Kamva i-G8 ayifuni. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-molar yesithathu ididekile kunye ne-pericoronitis, eyavela kwimvelaphi yomonakalo kwi-hood ye-coocutaneous ngaphezu kwesithsaba esifumanekayo.

Indlela izinyo zokuhlakanipha ezikhula ngayo - iimpawu

Ukulungiswa kuhambelana neempawu ezingamnandi, ukukhuthaza umntu ukuba afune uncedo lwamazinyo. Izimpawu zezinyo zokukhula zilandelayo:

• ukuvuvukala nokubomvu kweentlobo;
• intloko;
• ukungabi nesidlo;
• intlungu emlanjeni, kummandla weesekisi, ukunika itempile, umqala, intamo, indlebe;
• ukwanda kweqondo lomzimba;
• ubunzima xa uzama ukuvula umlomo wakho.

Ukuba inqwelwe yesithathu ye-molar ("ezisibhozo", ubulumko) ayiphumeli ngokupheleleyo okanye ingalunganga, kukho iingxaki ezinobungozi:

• i-pericoronaritis (ukuvuvukala kwe-gum);
• ziqeshwe;
• umonakalo esihlathini;
• uxinzelelo kwiingcambu ze-molar kunye nabanye.

Kutheni kungabikho ukuhlakanipha kwamazinyo?

Abanye abantu abazange bahlangabezane neengxaki ezibhalwe ngasentla. Iinkcazo, kutheni ungakhuli amazinyo obulumko kubantu abadala, kuphela ezimbini. Ikhetho lokuqala li-adentia ye-molars yesithathu. Kule meko, i-G8 ayizange ibe yinto ebuntwaneni. Ukungabikho kwazo ngokupheleleyo kunqabile kakhulu, ikakhulu kubantwana abazalwa emva ko-2000. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho imitha emi-2 kuphela (phezulu okanye ephantsi).

Isizathu sesibini esenza ukuba izinyo zobulumko zingakhange ziqhubekele ukugcina okanye ukugcina. Kule meko, ekugqibeleni i-G8 yakhiwa, kodwa ayikwazi ukukhula. Oku kungenxa yendawo yabo engafanelekanga kwisigxina somhlathi okanye ukungabi nendawo yokukhulula kwi-dentition. Olu hlobo lokuphuhliswa kweziganeko lubonwa njengengozi, kuba i-third molar molars ibangela ukutshatyalaliswa kweengcambu ezingumakhelwane, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, ukubonakala kweengcambu kwiintlobo, izifo ze-neurological and other pathologies.

Inyoya yobulumko ibuhlungu - yintoni enokuyenza?

Iimvakalelo ezingathandekiyo ngexesha lokukhuphuka kweG-8 zingahlelwa ngokwasemthethweni zibe zilula kwaye ziyingozi. Ukuba inyolo yokuhlakanipha ibuhlungu, izizathu zilandelayo:

• ukuvutha okuncane kwegum ngenxa yokuphulwa kwentembeko yayo;
• uxinzelelo kwizinyo ezikufutshane;
• i-puricent pericoronaritis.

Uzinyo bulumko bukhula kwaye bubuhlungu

Uphawu oluchazwe luhlala luhamba kunye nokukhuphuka kwe-third molar ngenxa yokuphulukana kwezicubu ze-gingival. Xa izinyathelo "ezisibhozo" zinyuka, zivuvuka ziphenduke zibe zibomvu, kunokuba negazi elincinci. Ukuba ukuvuvukala kubuthakathaka kwaye akukho nzopho, jongana neengxaki ezinikezelwe ngokulula nakwikhaya:

1. Nciphisa umthwalo kwizinyo ezikhulayo, zama ukuhlafuna ukutya okuqinileyo ukusuka kwicala apho usika khona.
2. Ngentsasa, phakathi kwemini kwaye ngokuhlwa, supha umlomo ngesisombululo seClorhexidine ngomzuzu 1.
3. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokunyangwa kwe-antiseptic, gcoba i-gum ngeGELISAL gel.
4. Ngenxa yesifo esibuhlungu sisifo, thatha i-analgesic engekho-steroidal - i-Nimesil, i-Ketanov okanye nayiphina isilwanyana esifanayo.

Ngamanye amaxesha iziphakamiso eziluhlu aluyikunceda ukulahla iimpawu ezingathandekiyo. Ngeemeko ezinjalo, intlungu ingabangelwa kuphela ukuvuvukala kwe-gingival, kodwa kunye noxinzelelo oluvela kwi-G-8 kumazinyo athile. Ukuba kukho ukukrokrelwa kule ngxaki, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nangoko nongcali. Isilungeleko esingalunganga sesithsaba sesithathu se-molar sikhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni kweengcambu ezingumakhelwane.

Izinyo zobulumko sele zivuke

Xa ukukhula kweG-8 kuqhubeka ngokude kakhulu kwaye kubuhlungu, i-pericoronaritis iqala ngokuqhelekileyo. Oku kukhwabanisa okukrakra kwe-hood hococutaneous ngaphezu kwe-third molar, ehamba kunye nokukhululwa kwemali enkulu. Iinto ezintle zobulumko, ngokubhekiselele ekukholeni, ziyakuchukumisa imiphumo emibi, ukuya kwi-sepsis. I-Pericoronaritis igqitywe kuphela ngudokotela wamazinyo, akunakwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nayo yodwa.

Izinyo "ezisibhozo" kufuneka ziphathwe okanye zisuswe?

Iingcamango zoogqirha malunga nombandela onokuqwalaselwa zahlula. Isigqibo sokuba kususwe inyosi yezobubume kwimeko ethile iyakwamkelwa kuphela ngugqirha ofanelekileyo ngemvume yesigulane, ngokusekelwe kwezi zilandelayo:

• indawo "yesibhozo";
• impembelelo yokukhula kwezinyo leengxaki kuwo wonke umgca womhlathi;
• ingqibelelo kunye nemeko jikelele yesithsaba neengcambu;
• Isidingo sokugcina i-molar yesithathu yokusetyenziswa kwi- prosthetics .

Oogqirha banamhlanje abakwenzayo kumazwe athuthukileyo aseYurophu naseUnited States banempendulo engalunganga kumbuzo nokuba i-Dzino le-G-8 liyaphathwa. Phakathi kwala mazinyo aqhubekayo avunyelwa ukuba bathabathe ngokukhawuleza ukuphuma kweyesithathu emva kokuqhuma kwabo, ngokuqhelekileyo bonke ngexesha elinye ngexesha le-anesthesia jikelele. Kukholelwa ukuba i-G8 inobungozi obungaphezulu kunezinto ezibonwayo.

Ubulumko bezinyo ukukhutshwa

Inkqubo echazwe yinkqubo efanelekileyo kumsebenzi wamazinyo. Kukho ukususwa okulula kunye okunzima kwezinyo zeG-8. Uhlobo lokungenelela ngoncedo luxhomekeke ekubeni i-molar yesithathu iye yaqubuka ngokupheleleyo, ngokubhekiselele kwiingcambu zayo ezinesono kwaye zinde, isithsaba sonke. Ukukhupha amazinyo aphantsi ahlala ewona mkhulu kunezona ziphezulu. Eyona "dibhozo" yesibindi "uhlale" emlonyeni, kaninzi unemizila engqambileyo kunye neengcambu.

Ungasusa njani inyolo yokuhlakanipha?

Ukuba le nkqubo ilula, iqhutyelwa kwizigaba ezi-3:

1. Uhlolo. Ugqirha uvavanya imeko ye-third molar, yenza i-anamnesis ukuba iphendule ngokunyamekela kunye nokunyamezela kwamachiza athile.
2. Anesthesia. Ngoncedo lwejoyi kwi-gum, oyingcali i-anesthetizes kwindawo yokusebenza. Le yodwa ixesha xa umntu ephosakeleyo, ixesha elizeleyo isigulane ayiva nantoni na. Ukuba inyosi yokuhlakanipha isezantsi isuswe, isiza kufuneka sivunyelwe ukuma malunga nekota ngeyure. Xa ususa umgangatho wesithathu we-molar - 4-5 imizuzu.
3. U kucinywa. Ngendlela yokuphakanyiswa okanye i-tongs, udokotela wamazinyo udonsa "ezisibhozo". Umthombo uphathwe nge-antiseptic kunye ne-hemostatic agent, ngamanye amaxesha uvaliwe nge-swab oyinyumba.

Kwimeko yeenkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kulungiswa ngokucophelela. Unokususwa njani kwezinyo zeG-8 phambi kokugcinwa, ukuvuvukala okanye ezinye iingxaki:

1. Ii-ray kunye ne-anamnesis. Ukuxilongwa kwenzelwa ukuseka indawo ekhoyo ye-molar yesithathu, ubungakanani, ukujikeleza kunye ne-plexus yeengcambu zayo.
2. Anesthesia. Kule meko, i-anesthetic isetyenziselwe ukunyuka, kuba usebenzo lunokugqibela malunga neeyure ezingama-2.
3. U kucinywa. Xa kususwe kanzima kufuna ukuba kunqunywe iintlobo, ukubola kweethambo zenyama. Xa kutholakala izinyo zobulumko ezifuthiweyo, ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukukhupha i-molar ecaleni ukuze ufumane ukufikelela mahhala.
4. U kunyango olusemva. Udokotela wamazinyo uhlambulula isilonda nge-antiseptic kunye ne-sutures.

Emva kokususwa kwezinyo zokuhlakanipha

Iilonda elibunjiweyo lifuna ukunakekelwa ngononophelo, iingcebiso ezicacileyo zinikezelwa yingcali. Iintlobo emva kokususwa kwezinyo zentliziyo ziya kuphilisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba ulandela isiluleko sogqirha ngokucacileyo:

1. Ngemizuzu engama-20, gcina i-swab engumzimba oyinyumba emgodini ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi. Emva kwexesha elibiweyo, kufuneka lisuswe ukuze isilonda singenasifo.
2. Kwaphela iiyure eziyi-2-3.
3. Phuza kuphela iziphuzo ezifudumeleyo.
4. Ungathathi iintshukumo zokutshisa iintsuku ezimbalwa, ungenzi ukufudumala kuphephe, kungabangela ukuvuvukala.
5. Ukuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala kuze kube yilapho inxeba iqalisa ukuqinisa.
6. Yeka ukutshaya okungenani iiyure ezingama-4 ukuya ku-5.
7. Ungachukumisi isiseko nge iminwe yakho kunye nayiphi na into, ingaba yinyumba.
8. Zama ukuvula umlomo wakho ngokubanzi.
9. Musa ukuhlafuna kwicala le-remote molar.
10. Iibhati kunye neenambini ziyavunyelwa kuphela ukuba zichazwe ngugqirha. Ngaphandle koko, akuvunyelwe ukuba enze njalo. Ezi nkqubo zinokubangela ukuhlamba ngaphandle kwegazi eliphuma kwilonda, okuyimfuneko yokuphilisa.

Xa i-gum kunye nomhlathi zibuhlungu emva kokususa izinyo, kuyanconywa ukuba usebenzise i-ice compresses kwisitramu (utshintshe yonke imizuzu eyi-10, amaxesha ama-3-4). Ukuba ubanda abunakunceda, kufuneka uthabathe i-analgesic engeyona i-steroidal:

• Ketanov ;
• Pentalgin;
• Nyz;
• Ibuprofen;
• Nimeslide kunye neempawu.

Kwimeko ye-purulent gingival ukuvuvukala, udokotela wamazinyo uya kumisela umntu wexesha elifutshane (iintsuku ezi-4-6) zonyango, kuquka:

• i antibiotics;
• ii hormone ze-corticosteroid;
• unyango lwe-antiseptic kunye nonyango lwe-antimicrobial of the well.

Emva kokususa "amazinyo ezisibhozo" ezinqabileyo ezinamazinyo

Inkqubo echazwe ngokuqhelekileyo ihamba kunye nokukhathazeka okukhulu. Isigulane siva intlungu emva kokususa inyosi yokuhlakanipha, kungekhona kwinqanaba elivulekileyo, kodwa nakwiindawo ezakhelene nazo, ngamanye amaxesha umhlathi wonke "uphawula". Esi sibonakaliso senzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezibini:

1. Ukulimala kwizinsini kunye nokucima indawo elinzakeleyo kunye neengcambu zemimandla engummelwane. Kule meko, intlungu iya kubonakala yodwa kwiintsuku eziliqela, inokumiswa kunye nama-analgesiki kunye nokubanda okubandayo.
2. Inkqubo yokuvutha. Xa umthombo usulelekile, uqala ukuxhaswa. Oku kukukhokelela ekukhuphukeni, ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa komzimba kunye nentlungu engenakubekezeleka. Kule meko, kufuneka uqhagamshelane ngokukhawuleza nodokotela wamazinyo.