Izixhobo kunye neenzuzo zeDiaskintest, phambi kovavanyo lukaMantoux
Uhlobo oluphambili phakathi kwezi zonyango zimbini kukuba uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo sofuba lusabela kokubili ukugonywa kwe-BCG kunye nokuthinteka kokuthintela emva koku, oko kutheni iMantou idla ngokubonisa imiphumo emihle (60 ukuya kuma-80%). Uvavanyo lwangoku lubonisa ukuba umntwana uyagula okanye uphilile, nge 90% enokwenzeka.
Abazali abaninzi banenkxalabo malunga nokuba umntwana wabo unokufumana isifo sofuba xa ethatha isiza. Nangona kunjalo, akukho sizathu sokukhathazeka: kwi-Diaskintest ayikho i-agent ekhuselekileyo yesi sifo, ngoko akukho ncinane ithuba lokusuleleka ngegciwane. Ngokuchasene noko, lo vavanyo luvumela ukubonisa eso sifo ngokuchanekileyo kwinqanaba lokuqala kunye neyo kuthiwa yintsholongwane yinyani, kuba iqulethe i-antigens CFP10 kunye ne-ESAT6 edibeneyo, efumaneka kwiintlobo ze-mycobacterium isifo sofuba ngokwabo.
Namhlanje i-Diaskintest isetyenziselwa ukukhunjulwa kwesifo sofuba kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Ngokuqhelekileyo umiselwe ukuba uvavanywe ukuba uvavanyo lweMantoux lunikeze umphumo olungileyo okanye olungileyo. Iintsana ziyakunikwa lonyango, ukuqala ngomdala oneminyaka elilodwa.
Kufuneka kukhunjulwe malunga nokuchasene nalo vavanyo. Ezi ziquka ukuhluthwa nezifo ze-dermatological, izibonakaliso ezinzulu zokugula, izifo ezahlukileyo. Kwimeko apho umntwana osandul 'ukutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane yentsholongwane yokutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane, iisampuli imiselwe kungaphaya kwenyanga enye emva kokuphulukana ngokupheleleyo. Kwakhona, awukwazi ukugoma i-Diaskintest ngexesha lokutyunjwa xa umntwana ehamba esikolweni okanye enkulisa.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uvavanyo lweDiaskin lubekwe phambi kwegciwane lokukhusela, kwaye kungekhona emva kwabo. Ukuba uvavanyo lubonakalisa umphumo ongekho, unokugoma umntwana ngokuphepha.
I-Diaskintest: ibe yintoni umphumo?
Oko uvavanyo oluboniswayo lufanele luhlolwe ngugqirha okanye ngunyango oqeqeshiwe ngokukhethekileyo. I-check is done 72 iiyure emva kokugonywa: kwimeko yamaphepha okanye i-hyperemia kwisayithi yokujola, zilinganiswa ngombusi obala kunye namaqela angama-millimetric.
Iziphumo ze-Diaskintest kwisifo sesifo sofuba zichazwa kubantwana ngendlela elandelayo.
Ukungalungi ngumphumo we-diaskintest kwimeko yokungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwamaphepha kunye ne-hypermia. Kule meko, i-reddening encinci ye-2 mm ububanzi ithathwa njengamkelekileyo (oko kuthiwa "ukutshintshisa").
Isiphumo esihle se-diaskintest kukuba ukuba isigulane sinesigxina saliphi na isayizi. Inokufikelela kwi-2 ukuya kwi-15 mm, kwaye konke oku kubonisa ukuba isigulane sinokusuleleka. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zeDiaskintest azikafumaneki ngugqirha, ngaphandle kokuba kufuneka zilinganiswe emva kweeyure ezingama-72 kwaye zingekho ngaphambili. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba abazali bomntwana, xa bebona umqulu wakhe, bekwesaba, kwaye uphela ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokulinganisa.
Umphumo ongathandabuzekiyo we-diaskintest yindlela yokwakhiwa kwe-hyperemia, oko kukuthi, ubomvu. Kule meko, umntwana kufuneka ahanjiswe kwi-TB ngophando olongezelelweyo ngesifo sofuba .
Ukongezelela, ngamanye amaxesha umntwana unomngcipheko kwisiza sokungenwa, esichaphazela nomphumo weDiskintest. Ugqirha unokukwazi ukutolika ngoku, nangona loo matyala aqhelekile kwaye athetha ukuba kuphela inaliti ingene kwisitya esincinci segazi phantsi kwesikhumba.