I-Legionellosis (isifo seLgionnaires, i-Pittsburgh pneumonia, i-Pontiac fever) isifo esiphezulu sokuphefumula okubangelwa yi-Legionella bactteria. Isifo ngokuqhelekileyo sihamba kunye nomkhuhlane, ukuxiliswa komzimba, ukulimala kwinkqubo yeentlungu, imiphunga, indlela yokutya. I-Legionella ingabangela kwaye izilonda ezahlukeneyo zendlela yokuphefumula - ukusuka ekukhunjini komzimba kuya kwi-pneumonia.
Imithombo yesifo
I-Legionella yi-microorganism ekwabiwa ngokubanzi kwimvelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-legionella ifumaneka kumabutho amanzi amanzi kwaye iphindaphinda ngokunyuka kwiqondo lokushisa lama-20 ukuya kuma-45 degrees. Ukukhulelwa komntu kubangelwa yi-aerosol, ngokufuthwa kwamaconsi amancinci amanzi ane-legionella bhakteria, kodwa ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kumntu omnye ukuya kwesinye, ukusuleleka kungagqithwanga.
Ukongezelela kumthombo wemvelo wamanzi (amanzi), kwihlabathi lanamhlanje kukho niche eyenziwe ngokukodwa, eneemeko ezizinzileyo kule microorganism. Le nkqubo yonikezelo lwamanzi elinesimo esifanelekileyo sokushisa amabhaktheriya, iinkqubo ze-air conditioning kunye ne-humidification, ivalwe kumjikelezo omnye, amachibi okubhukuda, i-whirlpools, njl njl.
Enyanisweni, igama lesi sifo - i-legionellosis okanye "i-Legionnaires disease" - livela ekugqibeleni kokuqala kwesibalo, okwenzeka ngo-1976 kwintlanganiso ye "American Legion." Umthombo wentsholongwane yinkqubo yokumelana nomoya ehotele, apho idilesi yabanjwa khona.
Kwi-air conditioners yasekhaya, umswakama akanalo ixesha elaneleyo lokuqokelela ukuze abe ngumthombo wokungcola, ngoko isongelo sincinci ngapha nangapha. Iingozi zingaboniswa ngabahlaziyi bomoya, ukuba abayi kutshintsha rhoqo amanzi.
Legionella - iimpawu
Ixesha lokuxubusha kwesifo, kuxhomekeke kwifom, livela kwiiyure eziliqela ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10, ngeentsuku ezi-2-4 iintsuku. I-symptomatology yesifo ne-Legionella ukusuleleka akufani nenye impawu ye-pneumonia ebangelwa ezinye izinto. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zesifo sele ziqaphele:
- buthathaka;
- imisipha ebuhlungu;
- ubuthathaka karhulumente.
Emva koko ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kokushisa kuqala, ukuya kuma-degrees angama-40, obuthakathaka okanye akusiyo yonke into enokumelana ne-antipyretics, i-chills, i-headaches inokwenzeka. Okokuqala kukho ukukhwehlela komzimba obuthakathaka, okwenza ngokukhawuleza kwande, ekugqibeleni kube ngamanzi, mhlawumbi ukuphuhliswa kwe-hemoptysis. Okungaqhelekanga iimpawu ezongezelelweyo, ezifana:
- intlungu kunye nentlungu;
- isicefe
- isifo sohudo;
- intlungu esiswini.
Iingxaki eziphambili zesifo zibandakanya ukuphuhliswa kokuphefumula okuphefumulayo, okwenzeka malunga nama-25% yezigulana ezifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele.
Legionella - ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa
Ukufumanisa i-legionellosis, njengaye nayiphi enye imiphunga ye-pneumonia, ayilula. Uhlalutyo olujoliswe ngqo ekuchongeni i-legionella bactrium inzima kakhulu, ide kwaye iqhutywe kuphela kwiibhubhile ezizodwa. I-Diagnostics isebenzisa iindlela ze-serological
Nangona kukho ubunzima bokuxilongwa, lesi sifo sinokuphathwa ngamachiza omzimba . I-Legionella iyanelisekile kwi-erythromycin, i-levomycetin, i-ampicillin, ayifuni kwi-tetracycline kwaye ayinakuyiqonda ipenicillin. Ukuphucula impembelelo yekhosi ye-antibiotikthi ngokuqhelekileyo idibanisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-rifampicin.
Ukunyangwa kwe-legionellosis kwenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezimileyo, ngokuqwalasela ubunzima bekhosi yesifo kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka. Ukubhedleleka kwesigulane ngokungapheliyo kwesigulane kunokukhokelela kwisiphumo esibulalayo.