Izifo zesifo se-Flu zisuka kwixesha elibandayo phantse kuwo onke amazwe aseNyakatho yeNtlabathi, ngoko kufuneka imfuneko esiphuthumayo imfuno yokugonya umkhuhlane.
Oogqirha baninzi bavumelana ukuba ukugonywa kukuvumela ukuba uqinisekise ukukhusela umkhuhlane kwiimeko ezingama-90% - kusebenza kakuhle. Ukugonywa malunga nomkhuhlane akukhuseli kwiindawo ezibandayo (i-ARVI - adenoviruses, i-rhinoviruses, njl.), Kodwa iya kuphakamisa i-immune yabantu kwiintsholongwane ngokubanzi. Yaye ngenxa yokuba izigulane ezigonywayo zibamba ubanda kakhulu kwaye zikwazi ukunyamezela esi sifo. Abantu abangama-10% abagonywe ngumkhuhlane abajonganga neengxaki kwaye bahlawule ngokukhawuleza.
Ndifanele ndifumane nini umkhuhlane?
Njengomthetho, ixesha lokugonywa liqala ngo-Oktobha-Novemba. Ukungakhuselekanga kuphuhlisiwe sele iiveki ezimbini emva kokugonywa, nangona oogqirha bancomela ukuba kwenziwe phambi kwesifo esiyingozi.
Izigulane ezisengozini (umzekelo, abantu asebekhulile abanomlando we-myocardial infarction, okwandisa ubunzima beengxaki ezinzima zentsholongwane), ukukhutshwa kwexesha eliphuthumayo kunokwenzeka ngexesha lobulwelwe, kodwa i-quarantine iyadingeka kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
Isitofu sithengiswa kwikhemistiki, kodwa awukwazi ukuyinqumla ngokwakho - yenziwe kuphela kwisiko lonyango emva kokubonisana ngokugqithisileyo nodokotela, tk. Inoculation malunga ne-influenza ineenkalo ezingqinelanayo nesigulane esingazi ngako.
Inkqubo kufuneka yenziwe ngonyaka.
Iintlobo zokugonya
Izizukulwana zokuqala zokugonya i-influenza - ezibizwa ngokuba yi-virion-vacrium epheleleyo: enye iqulethe ii-virus eziphilayo, i-second-killed.
Oku kugonywa kwe-influenza kunika imiphumo emibi kwi-headaches, imfiva kunye nempilo ebuthakathaka jikelele, kodwa inika umzimba okhuseleyo. Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-18 abavunyelwe ukwenza oku kugonywa, njengokuba izigulane zinexinzelelo,
Olunye uhlobo luyi-split vaccine, equlethe ama-antigens ahlambulukileyo kwintsholongwane ye-influenza, kodwa kungekhona i-agent echaphazelayo. Imiphumo emibi kule meko ayichazwanga kangako, iqondo lokushisa alikhuphuki, kodwa ukuvuvukala kungenza ifom ye-injection.
Ukwahlula iigonti akukwazi ukulawulwa ngabantu abanomdla wokunyuka kwiprotheni kunye nalabo abanezifo ezingapheliyo kwisigaba esichukumisayo.
Uhlobo oluthile lwamanje lokugonywa kumkhuhlane lusebenzisa isitofu sokugonywa kwe-subunit, eliqukethe kuphela iphrotheni yomhlaba yesifo sengculaza. Ngenxa yokuhlanzeka kwayo, ukugonya akubangele ukuhlaselwa kwezempilo (kubomvu kuphela kwisiza sokungenwa kwesoyile) kwaye kunokusetyenziswa ukugonya abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.
Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi kwindlala yokugonya
Inkoliso yokugonywa kubangelwa yintsholongwane ngenxa yempendulo ye-antibiotiki okanye iprotheni yenkukhu-yingakho ikhabhinethi yenkqubo ihlala ibuzwa malunga nale mpendulo.
Ngelo xesha, kwanomntu onyamezelayo izinto ezi ngasentla unokuziva embi emva kokugonywa. I-allergies ivakalelwa emva kwemizuzu embalwa okanye iiyure ngohlobo lwe-urticaria, i -edema ka-Quincke kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-anaphylactic. Nangona kunjalo, loo matyala ayingqabile kakhulu, nangona kunjalo, ukuphendula kwisitofu sokugonywa ngumntu ngamnye kumntu ngamnye.
Eyona nto inobungozi yintsholongwane ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye isitofu sokukhusela i-influenza kulo mzekelo siklanyelwe ukukhusela umama ozayo, okhuselweyo lwakhe luba buthathaka. Ngaphambi kokugonywa kubalulekile ukuba ufumane imvume yogqirha wesibini.
Ukugonywa malunga nomkhuhlane we-avian
Ukusuka kwindlela ebulalayo yomkhuhlane, obizwa ngokuba yi-avian, ngokukhawuleza uza kukwazi ukukhusela isitofu sokugonya esifanayo-okokuqala
Kubalulekile ukuba kuqaphele ukuba iqela elincinci lokuchasana sele seluqalile kuluntu: bayaphikisana neendlela ezixhasa ukugonywa nokugxininisa ekufundeni kwezi ziyobisi, kunye nomxholo wezinto ezinobuthi kuzo ezilimaza impilo ngaphezu kokusuleleka. Ingaba ukugonya okanye akunjalo ukhetho lwawo wonke umntu, kodwa sisona sisona siphephelo esiphezulu kwisifo: ukhuseleko olukhuselekileyo, olufanele luqiniswe ngokuqina , ukutya okunomsoco, ukwenza umsebenzi kunye nombono ontle kwihlabathi.