Ubumbano lufana nokuziphatha komntu wokuziphatha, imilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye nemilinganiselo, kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha kuluntu olujikelezile. I-socialization yenziwa ngokubanzi ngokuqhagamshelana, kwaye ukususela ekubeni umntu wokuqala oqala ukuthetha naye kunye nomntwana ukuba unyanzele ukuba ngumama (okanye umntu uyayitshintsha), intsapho isebenza njengeziko lokuqala kunye neyona nto "eyintloko" yentlalo.
Ukuhlalisana kwezingane zasenkulisa kuyinkqubo ende kunye neenkcukacha ezininzi. Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo endleleni yokungena kwihlabathi elingaphandle - lingabonakali kwaye lingaqhelekanga. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimpumelelo yenkqubo yokulungelelanisa, umntwana ngokunyanisekileyo uthatha indima ebantwini, ufunda ukuziphatha ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yoluntu, uhlala ehamba ngokulinganisa ngokulinganayo kunye nezidingo zabo. Ezi zixhobo kwi-pedagogy zibizwa ngokuba zizinto zentlalo.
Izinto zokubambisana nobuntu bomntwana osenkulanga
- izinto ezingaphandle - misela umxholo kunye nefom ye-socialalization yabantwana besikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, ukuchonga abavakeli ngokuphuhlisa kwabo phambili. Ezi zibandakanya intsapho ekhankanywe ngentla, umzekelo, kwintendelezo, kumaziko okuphuhlisa okuqala, iiklabhu zentlalo, iikholeji, kunye nenkcubeko nenkolo yoluntu;
- Izinto zangaphakathi - iimpawu zomntu ngamnye, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukubunjwa komfanekiso wakhe wehlabathi kwaye zikhethe indlela yokufumana ubudlelwane obunxulumene nabo.
Ingxaki yobudlelwane bebuntwini bezingane zasenkulumeni yenye yeengxaki ezisisiseko ekufundiseni nasekufundiseni kwengqondo, kuba impumelelo yayo ibeka amandla omntu ukuba asebenze ngokupheleleyo kuluntu njengomxholo osebenzayo. Ukususela kwisantya sokuhlalisana koluntu kuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni ngokuvisisanayo umntwana okhuselekileyo, kuya kufana neendlela zokuqala zenkqubo yokuhlalisana kwemimiselo nemigangatho yokubaluleka ekufuneka ibe yilungu elipheleleyo nelinganayo kwintlalo yakhe yoluntu.
Iimpawu zentlalo yabantwana beminyaka yobudala
Iindlela kunye neendlela zokuhlalisana kwabantu ngokuzimela ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba leminyaka lokuphuhliswa kwaye zichongwa ngolu hlobo lomsebenzi okhokelayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala, into ephambili ekuphuhlisweni komntu ngokwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Kubantwana ukuya kunyaka obaluleke kakhulu kukunxibelelana phakathi kwentsapho. Kungenxa ye-prism yobudlelwane beentsapho kunye neempawu abazibonayo kunye nokwenza ulwazi olusisiseko malunga nehlabathi langaphandle, ukwakha iipatheni zokuziphatha;
- emva konyaka ukuya kwiminyaka engama-3, abantwana badinga ukunxibelelana kwiqela lezingane. Yingakho kubalulekile ukudala iimeko zokuba unxibelelwano oluzeleyo-olukuthi, ukuthatha umntwana kumaqela okuphuhlisa kwangaphambili, ukuya kwindawo yokudlala, ukuya kwintsimi . Apho, abantwana bafunda ukuthetha kunye nohlobo lwabo, bafundise omnye nomnye imimiselo elula yokuhlalisana kuluntu, umzekelo, imfuno yokuba ngabahlobo , ukwabelana, ukuvalelana;
- ukususela kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweyesi-6, iindlela eziphambili zokuqaphela umhlaba ngomntwana intetho yakhe: ufunda ukubuza imibuzo, ukwakha ingxoxo, nokuhlalutya ulwazi olufunyenwe ngomlomo.
Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba nakunoma yiphi iminyaka ubudala, ukuhlalisana kwentlanga-ntloko kwenzeka ngokubanzi ngokudlala. Yingakho iindlela ezintsha zokuphuhliswa zihlala ziphuhliswa kwaye ziphuculwe, zijoliswe ekuboneleleni ngolwazi ngendlela elula, efikelelekayo, edlalwayo-leyo, eyona nto iya kubakho umdla.
Ubulili bezenzo zabantwana basenkulanga
Ubulili bobulili besentlalo, ngoko ukuhlalisana ngokobulili yintlalo yinkcazo kwinkqubo yentlalo yoluntu kunye nolwabiwo lweendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha.
Ukuhlalisana ngokobulili kwisigaba sokuqala esikolweni kuqala kwintsapho, apho umntwana ehambelana nemisebenzi yoluntu yowama (umfazi) kunye noyise (amadoda) kunye neeprojekti ngokwabo ubudlelwane babo. Umzekelo omhle wokuhlalisana ngokwesini kunye nabantwana basesikolweni sangaphambi kwesikolo ngumdlalo othi "Abantombi-oomama", oluhlobo lwenkcazo yemigangatho yendima yokufunda ngesondo.