Ukujikeleza kwegazi lomntwana

Yonke into efunekayo ekukhuleni kwe-intrauterine nokuphuhliswa kwengane iza kuyo, ngokuthe ngqo kwigazi lomama ukusuka kwi-placenta, apho kuthethwa khona iinkqubo zegazi ezimbini - unina nomntwana -. Ukujikeleza kwi-placenta kuqala ngokukhawuleza kwinyanga yesi-2 yobomi bentsholongwane. Kule meko, ukujikelezwa kwegazi kwe-fetus kuneempawu zayo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokujikeleza kwegazi kumntwana?

Ngoko ulawulo, igazi eliphethe i-oksijini kumntwana, liza kuye ngqo ukusuka kwi-placenta nge-veillical vein. Le misonto kwintambo yesibindi, kunye nemibhobho emibili yegazi, ithwala igazi kwi-fetus.

Emva koko, emzimbeni wesisu, i-veillical vein ihlukaniswe ngamasebe amabini: i-venous (arantzium), ehambisa igazi elichaphazelekayo ngqo kwi-downsta vena cava, apho idibene khona; kwisebe lesibini - igazi likaMama ligeleza kwi-portal vein system ngqo kwi-fover's fetus, apho ihlambulukileyo yezinto ezinobuthi.

Ngenxa yoko, ukujikeleza kwegazi e-placental of fetus, igazi elixutywe kwi-downena vena cava lingena kwi-right ofrium yengane, kwaye i-venous one ivela emthanjeni ophezulu. Ukusuka kwi-atrium elungileyo ukuya kwi-ventricle efanelekileyo ifumana inxalenye encinane yegazi, eya kwiyangqa encinane yokujikeleza nge-trum pulmonary. Nguye onika izicubu zomphunga, tk. imiphunga kwisibeleko sikamama ayisebenzi.

Ziziphi iifom zikhoyo kwinkqubo yokujikeleza yobomi?

Emva kokuba uhlolisise icebo lokujikeleza kwegazi lomntwana, kuyimfuneko ukukhankanya ubukho kuyo kwindlela ethile yokusebenza, leyo umntwana ozelweyo ngokuqhelekileyo engekhoyo.

Ngoko kwi-septum, ephakathi kwe-atria, kukho umngxuma - iwindi elingu-window. Kuye, igazi elidibeneyo, idlulisa isangqa esincinci, liwela ngokukhawuleza kwi-atrium ekhohlo, apho iphuma khona kwi-ventricle yangasese. Emva koko ukuhamba kwegazi kuya e-aorta, kwisangqa esikhulu. Ngaloo ndlela kukho umyalezo weesekondari ezi-2 zomjikelezo we-fetal.

Kwakhona kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwe-fetus, ukubunjwa okusebenzayo kuyahluka, njengemfazwe ye-duct. Udibanisa i-tron pulmonary trunk kwi-arch ye-aorta, kwaye uyongezela inxalenye ethile yegazi elixutywe. Ngamanye amagama, ibhetta ye-duct, kunye nefestile ye-oval, ikhulula umjikelezo omncinci wegazi, uqondise igazi ngqo kwisibonda esikhulu.

Inkqubo yokujikeleza ishintsha njani emva kokuzalwa?

Ukususela kumzuzwana wokuphefumula kokuqala komntwana, ekuzalweni kwakhe, isangqa esincinci sokujikeleza kwegazi siqala ukusebenza. Emva kokuzalwa komntwana kuboshwe ngentambo yomlomo, inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi lomntwana kunye nomama iphelile. Kule meko, ukusabalalisa kwe-placental kugxininiswe kwaye i-veillical vein ayinanto. Oku kukukhokelela ekunciphiseni okubukhali kwixinzelelo kumgca we-atrium elungileyo kunye nokwanda kwirejista yekhohlo, njengoko. kukho apho igazi lithunyelwa kwisangqa encinane. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yoluhlu loxinzelelo, i-valve window ye-oval igawula yona. Ukuba oku kungenzeki, ke umntwana ufumaneka ukuba unesifo sokuzalwa, ngenxa yokuba kukho umxube wegazi elimnyama kunye negazi, ngenxa yoko izicubu kunye namalungu athola igazi elixutywe.

Ngokubhekiselele kumathanga aseBatalov naseArancian, ayenokujikeleza kwe-intrauterine ye-fetus, ngokukhawuleza, ngokubhekiselele ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala yobomi, iimvumba. Ngenxa yoko, umntwana, njengomntu omdala, uqala ukusebenza iibondari ezi-2 zokuhambisa. Nangona kunjalo, nangona kunjalo, usana lube nolunye uhlobo lweenkqubo zejikelezayo, ezihambelana nokusebenza kwamalungu kunye nezicwangciso. Ngoko ke, inkqubo ye-cardiovascular crumbs, enye yeyokuqala emva kokuzalwa, ihlolwe yi-ultrasound.