I-pre-eclampsia yimeko apho abesetyhini abakhulelweyo banengcinezelo ephezulu yegazi ngexesha elide, behamba kunye neeprotheni eziphakamileyo kumchamo. Ukongezelela, izigulane ezinokuxilongwa zibonakaliswa ukuvuvukala kwemida. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-preeclampsia kunye ne-eclampsia zenzeka ekupheleni kweyesibini okanye ekuqaleni kwekota yesithathu, oko kukuthi, kwisiqingatha sesibini sokukhulelwa, kodwa kunokuqatshelwa kwangaphambili.
I-Eclampsia yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo yiyona nxalenye yokugqibela ye-preeclampsia, ifom yeyona ndlela ibuhlungu kakhulu eyenzekayo xa kungekho nonyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha. Iimpawu ze-eclampsia ziquka zonke ezo zenzeka nge-pre-eclampsia, kunye nokuxinwa kungenzeka. I-eclampsia ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuyingozi kumama kunye nomntwana, kuba kungabangela ukufa okanye zombini. Kukho imeko ye-postlash eclampsia.
Iimbangela ze-preeclampsia kunye ne-eclampsia yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo
Iingcali zangelo xesha azizange zifike kwiimbono ezifanayo malunga nokuba zeziphi izizathu zezi zifo. Kukho iingcamango ezingama-30 zeziganeko ze-eclampsia, kubandakanywa nentsholongwane ye-eclampsia.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto zibonwa njengezingcangcazela:
- inani elidlulileyo lamanqatha emzimbeni womama okanye ukukhuluphala;
- isondlo esingenanelisayo;
- ukuhamba kwegazi okubuthathaka kwi-uterus;
- ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili;
- Umama uneminyaka engaphezu kwe-40;
- ingozi engapheliyo yengozi;
- iimeko zangaphambi kwe-eclampsia ngaphambili;
- imfuza;
- ukukhulelwa okubanzi;
- ubukho besifo sesifo, isifo sikashukela, isifo se-rheumatoid okanye i-lupus erythematosus.
Impawu eziphambili ze-preeclampsia
Ukongeza kwingozi yexinzelelo, i-edema yezandla kunye neenyawo, iprotheni kumchamo, iimpawu ze-pre-eclampsia zi:
- ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni;
- ukwanda ngokukhawuleza komzimba;
- intlungu yesisu;
- ezintle iintloko ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphakamileyo;
- kuncipha kumthamo womchamo;
- utshintsho lweengcamango;
- rhoqo utywala;
- ukunyamezela okukhulu kunye nokuhlanza amaninzi.
Imiphumo ye-eclampsia, isiphumo sayo kumntwana
I-pre-eclampsia isongela umntwana ukuba aphule ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-placenta, ngenxa yokuba umntwana angakwazi ukufumana ingxaki enkulu yokuphuhliswa kwaye azalwe engaphuthunyanga. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-pre-eclampsia ingenye yezizathu ezibalulekileyo zokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kwangaphambili kunye neentsholongwane ezinzulu zeentsana ezinjenge-stroke, ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral, ukuvalelwa komzimba kunye nokukhubazeka kombono.
I-Eclampsia yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo - unyango
Indlela yodwa yokuphatha i-eclampsia kukuzala umntwana. Kuphela ngesantya esincinci sesi sifo, sihamba kunye nenani elincinane leprotheni emcinini kunye nexinzelelo lwegazi ukuya kuma-140/90, lunyango luvunyelwe ngendlela yokuthintela komsebenzi wesifazane okhulelweyo. Kodwa ngomngcipheko wabasebenzi ngaphambi kwekota, i-pre-eclampsia idinga unyango oluthile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunye ne-eclampsia, i-calcium gluconate kunye nokuphumla komabhedlana.
Ukuthintela i-eclampsia kuquka:
- ukulawulwa kokungena kwamanzi;
- ukusetyenziswa kwe-magnesia ukukhusela ukukhawuleza nokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydralazine kunye nezinye iziyobisi xa kufakwa kwi-hypertension.
Nge-éclampsia, ihamba kunye neenkampu, uncedo oluphuthumayo olufunekayo. Owesifazane okhulelweyo kwi-trimester yokugqibela eneendlela ezinzima ze-eclampsia kufuneka azalwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukunyameka kwiimeko ezinjalo kubangelwe umphumo obulalayo.
Emva kokufunyanwa kwe-eclampsia ekukhulelweni kokuqala, unyango kunye nokuhlolwa okupheleleyo kwenziwa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, umama kunye nolwazi oluphuculweyo lwamava. Oogqirha bahlala bezama ukubambelela kude kube lixesha apho kuya kwenzeka ukuba kuqhutywe icandelo lesiganeko.