Abantwana abaselula kakhulu bahlala bechaphazeleka ngubanda. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubanda okanye umkhuhlane uhamba kunye nomkhuhlane. Ukuba ekuqaleni kwesi sifo kunomkhuhlane owomileyo, ngoko ude usondele ekupheleni kwesi sifo unokwazi ukugcina oko kubizwa ngokuba ngumkhuhlane omanzi, oogqirha ababiza ngawo. Oku kubangelwa ukuba ukukhutshwa kwe-sputum kubantwana kubonisa ukubuyiswa, njengoko i-mucus ekhanyeni i-bronchi ihamba kunye nekhwehlela.
Ngaba ku soloko kuyimfuneko ukuphatha ukukhwehlela okumanzi kumntwana?
Kufuneka kuvezwe ukukhwehlela okumanzi njengempawu yesifo esingaphantsi okanye ukukhwehlela imihla ngemihla, okuqhelekileyo ukuba ngumntwana ukuya kumaxesha angama-15 ngosuku. Oku kubangelwa kukuba umntwana usekho ukukhula okuphantsi kwaye ngezantsi kukuqokelela uthuli kunye namanye ama-microparticles angangena kwi-larynx ngexesha lokuphefumlelwa. Isiqhamo kule meko yindlela yokulahla uthuli oluqokelelweyo. Ininzi idla ngokukhwehlela iintsana, apho i-mucosa ingaphelelanga kwaye iphinde ibe nefuthe kwiingxaki zangaphandle: ubisi buhamba bubi, iinyembezi okanye i-snot igeleza ukuya kwindawo yomlomo. Xa ukhula, umntwana unomthamo omkhulu wemali, engabangela ukukhwehlela rhoqo. Ngenxa yobunzima bokufumanisa ubukho be-pathological disability from one physiological, kuyimfuneko ukubonisana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuphilisa ukukhwehlela okungenakuba uphawu lwesifo.
Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhoqhoqhoqhoqhoqhoba emntwaneni
Kukho inani leempawu ezifuneka ziqwalaselwe xa umntwana ekhwehlela:
- Ingqungquthela ibonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye ayigqiba ixesha elide;
- ukuphefumula okufutshane;
- ukwanda kwipshisa lomzimba ngaphezu kwama-38 degrees;
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwesidlo okanye ukugatya ukutya;
- ubukho bokuxubusha ngegazi okanye ngaphandle kwayo;
- luhlaza;
- ukukhwehlela kwavela ngenxa yesifo eside somntwana (ngaphezulu kweeveki ezintathu);
- ukukhwehlela, okudlulayo iinyanga kwaye ayidluli nangona kukho unyango.
Kuphela kukho ubukho bezimpawu kubalulekile ukuba udibane nodokotela kwaye uphathe okokuqala oko kungabi ngumkhwehlela ngokwawo, kodwa imbangela yaso yangaphambili yisifo esibangela ukukhwehlela okumanzi. Ukuba umntwana usasebenza, uyadla kakuhle kwaye akave ekhululekile emini, ngoko ukukhwehlela kule meko akudingi uncedo lwezonyango.
Kuthiwani ukuba i-sputum ihluphekile kumntwana?
Kubantwana besikolo esincinci kunye nesesikolweni isizukulwana sesigxina ngokuzibandakanya ngokwaneleyo okwenza ukuba kuhambisane nokuhamba kwayo. Ukuququzelela inkqubo yokuchithwa kwezinto kunye nokucoca i-sputum kubantwana basebenzisa imali ekhethekileyo ye-expectorant kunye ne-mucolytic, ekubeni i-muscus eqokelelweyo kwi-bronchi iyona mthombo owongezelelweyo wophuhliso lwe-bacteria ye-pathogenic, enokunyusa inkqubo yokonyango. Abaxhasi bahlukeneyo baba ngamaqela amabini:
- imvelaphi yemifuno (uDkt Mama, i-Alteyny isiraphu, i-bronchicum, i-bronchocine, i-glyceram, i-pectusin, i-solutane, i-thermopsis, i-terpinhydrate, i-tussin);
- imvelaphi yokwenziwa (ATSTS, mukobene, mukonist, fluviert, bisolvon, solvyn, flegamin, lazolvan, medovent, i-frog in-neckgh, pulmozim).
Ukusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana zeqela lokuqala kunokuhlala kunomdla ongaphantsi kwaye kubangele ukuphazamiseka komntwana. Ngoko ke, oogqirha bezilwanyana bahlala befuna izidakamizwa zokwenziwa.
Eyona ndlela isebenzayo kakhulu i-inhalation. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokucophelela ukuphatha abantwana abancinci (unyaka owodwa). Emva kokuba umntwana efundile indlela yokuphumelela ngokukhawuleza, i-inhalation iyacinywa.
Ukuphatha ukukhwehlela okumanzi kwiintsana, ungasebenzisa umsila kunye nesifuba ngokususa indawo. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukulawula umlinganiselo wexinzelelo ngexesha lokuxilisa, ukuze ungalimazi umntwana ngomxinzelelo ogqithiseleyo.
Indlela yokuphilisa umntwana umkhuhlane omanzi kunye nezilwanyana zomntu?
Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kweyesithandathu banokunika itheji ye-herbal okanye ukumnika kathathu ngosuku, kungekho ngaphezu kweyipuni. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba unyango, nangona izilwanyana, kufuneka zilawulwe ngugqirha. Kukho iinombolo zokupheka ezinokuphumelela ukususa i-sputum kwi-bronchi yomntwana:
- basele ubisi kunye nejisi ye-birch kunye nokongeza komgubo okanye isitashi;
- ijusi ye-anyanisi kunye nobusi;
- busuku unganika umntwana ukuba athathe amanzi ashushu kunye nokudibanisa kwamaconsi ambalwa e-iodine tincture;
- emva kokuvusa ukunciphisa i-expectoration kuya kunceda ukunqunyulwa kwegalikhi, isiraphu yeswekile kunye nesitashi;
- ukumnika i-radish nobusi.
Kwimeko yonyango olukhethiweyo ngokukhawuleza ixesha, umntwana uyaphonononga ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukukhwehlela okumanzi. Ukuba akukho kuphuculwa okubonakalayo kubonakalayo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukutyelela ugqirha we-pulmonary kwaye unikeze iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo zegazi, wenze i-radiography kunye ne-bronchoscopy ukwenzela ukuphepha iingxaki emva kwesifo se-catarrhal.