Ukuziphatha ngokwempawu ngenye yeengcamango ezininzi ezifunyenwe kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi. Iindidi zendlela yokuziphatha ngokwempawu zisetyenziswa ngokusisigxina kwizengqondo kunye neengongoma zendlela zokusebenzisana neqiniso lomthengi kwiprogram ye-neurolinguistic (NLP).
Yiyiphi imodeli?
Ukulinganisela (i-Latin modus-inclination, indlela, umlinganiselo) - imo yesenzo okanye ulwalamano, oluchazwe kwisenzo. Ukumgangatho - eliqhelekileyo elisetyenzisiweyo ekuqaleni kweelwimi ngeCharles Bally kwaye luchaza ukuhlola okuzimeleyo (imo) ngokumalunga ne-dictum (izinto, itekisi, ibinzana). Kamva, imbono yokuziphatha iqale isetyenziswe kwisengqondweni ukuze ichaze iindidi zesistim somntu kunye nefilosofi njengembonakalo yeendlela zokuba zikhona, iziganeko. Ukumodareyitha kusetyenziswa nakwiindawo ezifana nale:
- Iinkqubo zekhompyutheni - iprogram yeefestile ezininzi, apho enye yeefestile iphambili, igxininisa umsebenzisi.
- Umculo - usebenzisa i-modal scale, okuphuma kuyo ezinye i-frets.
- YezoLuntu. Kwimeko yoluntu yoluntu-umntu oyimodeli okanye ubuntu obunjani, lo luhlobo oluthile lukhulu kuluntu olunikeziweyo.
Ukuziphatha ngendlela yefilosofi
Uhlobo lokuba luxhomekeke kwiimeko ezinjalo. Kuthetha ukuthini ukuziphatha ngendlela yefilosofi? Lo mbandela waphathwa nguProfesa waseRashiya wefilosofi MN. Epstein. Ngomsebenzi wakhe "Ifilosofi yenokwenzeka. Imilinganiselo ekucingeni nasenkcubeko "isayensi inqwenela ukwahlula imilinganiselo kwiintlobo ezi-3, kuxhomekeke kwiziganeko ezisetyenziswe kwintetho:
- I-Optical (kuba) - "inako" kwaye "ibe." Ezi zi-degrees zamandla ahlukeneyo malunga nokuba (mhlawumbi kwenzeka, okanye ayikwazi kwaye ayiyi kwenzeka).
- Ubungqina (ubunako) - indlela yokuziphatha: "inako" - "ayikwazi" (ayikwazi ukuyidla, ayikwazi ukusela, ayikwazi ukudlala isixhobo)
- Ukwahlukana (ingqiqo) - yenziwa ngamaqhinga "anokukwazi" kwaye "uyazi." Izahlulelo zeModare zefilosofi zakudala zamaGrisi: uSocrates "Ndiyazi ukuba andiyazi nto" kunye noPlato "Ndiyazi into engazange ndiyazi (ayengazi)" ibonisa intsingiselo yendlela yokuqonda kwengqondo kwifilosofi.
Ukuziphatha ngokusesikweni kwi-Psychology
Inkqubo yommeli yoluntu imelwe ngamashishini okujonga okanye abafumana iimvakalelo. Ukuziphatha ngokusesikweni kwimiba yeengqondo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi kolwazi olufunyenweyo ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezithile zengqondo. Kwiprogram ye- neurolinguistic (NLP) - inkcazo yendlela yokuziphatha yomntu ibalulekileyo kwisithuba sokunikezelwa ngempumelelo kwenkcazelo kumxhasi.
Indlela yokujonga
Kukho iindlela ezilandelayo zokujonga ngeengqondo:
- imodeli yokuqonda (ukusebenza kwengqondo);
- isithinteli (ukuthintela, ukunyakaza kwendawo, iinzame zentsimbi );
- uphicotho (uphicotho);
- ezibonakalayo (ezibonakalayo).
Ukulinganiswa kwemizwa
Zonke izinto eziphilayo zendalo zinobubele. Ukumodareka kwemvakalelo yeengqondo kuyifumana ulwazi kwilizwe langaphandle ngokusebenzisa abahlalutyi bokuqonda:
- amehlo (umbala kunye nokukhanya);
- ukuva (ukutshatyalaliswa kwamaza omsindo);
- ukuthintela (uxinzelelo, ubushushu obushushu, ubushushu, intlungu);
- ivumba (iphunga);
- ukunambitha (umgangatho wokutya).
Umntu ngamnye uyingqayizivele, kodwa kukho izinto eziqhelekileyo ezivumela ukunika umntu kwiqela elithile okanye uphawu oluchazayo. Iingcali zengqondo, emva kokuqhuba izifundo ezininzi, zathi umntu ngamnye unesistim esichukumisayo senzululwazi, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa:
- Ulwazi lokungenelela ngolwazi luye luhlalutyeke ngakumbi ngabahlalutyi abaphicothiweyo. Loo mntu usoloko usebenzisa igama elithi "Ndivile ukuba ...", "kuzwakalisa ukulingwa / okumangalisayo", "kutyhola indlebe", "andifuni ukuphulaphula!".
- Imbonakalo - ucinga ngemifanekiso. Uhlobo olubonakalayo lisebenzisa amagama anxulumene nezenzo ezibonakalayo, icebo lombala: "elikhanyayo / elomileyo / elibalabala / elimnyama", "kubonakala ngathi," "waphawula / wagxila."
- Ukuthinteka komzimba kunye nokuthintela kubaluleke kakhulu kuhlobo lwe-kinesthetic. Impawu kunye nesimo sobuso babantu abanjalo batyebi kakhulu. Kwiintetho unokuva amagama: "enhle", "efudumele", "inqabileyo" "kungenakulihlambalaza kum".
Indlela yokuCinga
Umgaqo wendlela yokucinga yikhono lokucinga kwiiparitha ezahlukeneyo. Ngomntu, indlela yokujonga kunye nokucinga ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ibandakanyeka rhoqo. Ukwahlulelwa kwemilinganiselo ye-Ya. Ukuqala kokucinga ngeentlobo:
- Imilinganiselo engqinelanayo - iquka uluhlu lwe "okwenyaniso-buxoki". Ingqiqo yenyaniso isetyenziswe njengesihluzo ekukhetheni, ukulungiswa nokuguqulwa kolwazi.
- Imilinganiselo yobuchule - imifanekiso yezandla. Ukubunjwa kweemifanekiso kwenzeka kwiimeko zengqondo, ngoko kuboniswa kwihlabathi lezendalo ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi yobugcisa, uncwadi.
- Imodareyitha ye-Instrumental - ukuphathwa kwezinto kwihlabathi lomzimba nangengqondo. Izakhono ezinxulumene nomsebenzi, ukuhlanganiswa kwamava ancedo kunye nokuhlukana kwezinto ezingenamsebenzi.
- Iimpawu zobunengqondo - ukucinga okungenangqiqo, kugxile kwiimpawu, imiqondiso, imimangaliso. Ingozi eyenzekayo kule meko ibonisa ukuba ukuchaneka kwemigwebo yakhe, ngenxa yokubonakala.
- Indlela yokuziphatha - ukuziphatha, iinjongo kunye nezimo zengqondo zabantu. Intsebenziswano-yesifundo. Nasiphi na isenzo okanye injongo ihlolwe kwisimo semimiselo eyamkelwe luluntu. Iingcamango zokuziphatha "zicinga" kwiindidi: "okuhle-okubi," "kulungile."
Ukuziphatha kweemvakalelo
Iimvakalelo zivame ukuhlukana zibe zizinto ezintle, ezimbi kunye nezibizo (ezingabonakaliyo). Ukumodareka ngokomzwelo ngumvakalelo ojongene nesifundo. U-K. Izard (isazi sezengqondo saseMerika) uphuhlise imfundiso yeengcamango zokuqala ngokwahlukileyo:
- uvuyo - isimo sengqondo esihle kwihlabathi kunye nawe;
- umdla - ukukwazi ukuqonda nokwenza ulwazi;
- ngaliswa - utshintsho oluzelelwe;
- intlungu - amava anxulumene nokulahlekelwa yinto yokwanelisa iimfuno;
- ukunyaniseka - umvakalelo wokugatywa;
- umsindo - ukuzimisela ukuhlasela ngokuphendula;
- ukungcikiva - umqondo wokuphakama, ukuhlaziywa komnye umntu;
- iintloni - amava okuhlaselwa;
- ukwesaba - udibaniso oluxhomekeke kwiimeko zengozi, ukuzimisela ukubaleka;
- unetyala - ukuzithobela kunye nokugwetywa ngenxa yokungaziphathi kakuhle.
Inkumbulo yeModal
Indlela yokuziphatha yomntu ayithethi ukuba akayisebenzisi ezinye iziteshi zengqondo. Zonke iinkqubo zibandakanyeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngoluhlobo lweendlela ezisisiseko zokujonga, kukho iintlobo zememori:
- Ukubonakala - ukukhumbula imifanekiso ebonakalayo engenayo.
- Uphicotho - ukhumbula izandi ezingenayo, izandi, umculo.
- Ukudla - umntu ukhumbula izinto ezahlukeneyo zokuthanda.
- Intsimbi - imemori yemifanekiso, ukulondolozwa nokuveliswa kwezenzo / ukunyakaza;
- Iimoto - ukubunjwa nokukhumbula ngezakhono zamandla.
- I-Olfactory - imemori yevumba.
- Uvakalelo - khumbula zonke iimvakalelo neemvakalelo .
Ulwaphulo-mthetho luhluke njani kumanqanaba?
Ingcamango yokuziphatha komntu kwisimo sengqondo isingqungquthela kwizidalwa ezininzi ngaphakathi komntu. Ukuxhomekeka komntu kubambisene nemisebenzi yomntu: intlalontle, ubuchwepheshe, intsapho, kwaye iquka, ngokwengqiqo yabo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuziphatha komntu ngesimo sokuziphatha, kuyafaneleka ngakumbi ukusebenzisa ixesha eliqhelekileyo. Ukuthotyelwa kunye nokuxhomekeka komzimba kukungqinelana ngokufanayo. Ngokungafani nemimiselo, iziganeko ezingezantsi zizinto ezinobungakanani kunye nokwahlukana phakathi kwendlela ethile yokumodareyitha: i-light-darker, i-sonerous-sonorous, i-static-motion.