Umbuzo wendlela yokukhetha ikhambi lokukhwehlela ngempumelelo kubantwana kungekudala okanye kamva kubonakala kubo bonke abazali. Ufuna ukulahla umntwana usuka kwi-spasm ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga iyeza, kufuneka uqonde imvelaphi yesifo. Oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuya kwi-pharmacy, kufuneka uhlale uqhagamshelana nodokotela wezilwanyana kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uphando.
Kutheni umntwana ekhwehlela?
Ikhuko liphawu. Ngoncedo lwezithuba zomoya, umzimba uzama ukususa iphefumula kunye ne-bronchi kwizinto ezahlukeneyo. Isilungiso esiphumeleleyo sokukhupha abantwana singasidinga ukuxazulula iingxaki zendalo yonke. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokukhwehlela izifo: i-physiological and pathological. Olu hlobo lokugqibela lugcinwa kwiintlobo ezininzi zezifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu nezantsi:
- ARVI ;
- sinusitis;
- angina;
- laryngitis;
- i-tracheitis;
- pharyngitis;
- rhinitis;
- bronchitis ;
- pneumonia.
Ukukhwehlela komzimba kuthathwa njengesiqhelo kwimpilo yobomi bentsana. Ngombulelo kwizinto ezinjalo, i-airways ikhutshwa kwi-sputum kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zangaphandle. Isisombululo esiphumeleleyo sokukhwehlela komzimba kubantwana kukuba akukho mfuneko yokuthabatha, kuba, njengommiselo, lixesha elifutshane, aluhambelani nayiphi na enye impawu kwaye idlula ngokwayo. Konke abazali kufuneka bayenze ukujonga imeko yomntwana kwaye rhoqo ukulinganisa iqondo lokushisa.
Kukho ezinye izizathu zokukhwehlela kumntwana. Phakathi kwazo:
- ukungahambi;
- izifo zesigxina sesisu;
- izidumbu ze-parasitic (ezinye iindidi zeebhubu ziyakwazi ukungena emphefumlweni wokuphefumula kwaye ziqhube ukuhlaselwa kwesibalo sokuqina esomeleleyo kakhulu);
- ukuxhatshazwa kwe-bronchi;
- izinto zangaphandle kwindawo yokuphefumula.
Yintoni enokuyiphilisa ukukhwehlela komntwana?
Ukuba le ngxaki iqhubeka iintsuku eziliqela, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nenzululwazi. Udokotela wezingane uya kucebisa ukuba unokukhupha umntwana, umntwana omdala, umntwana omdala. Ngaphambi kokudibana nogqirha, abazali bangathatha amanyathelo alandelayo:
- Impembelelo ephezulu kakhulu yokukhupha abantwana yomoya omtsha, kuba egumbini apho umntwana ehlala khona, kufuneka udale imozulu efanelekileyo-epholile kwaye enomanzi. I-home steam humidifier iya kunceda kule nto.
- Ukuba umntwana ukhwehlela, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo akanalo umkhuhlane, kuyimfuneko ukuhamba naye kwisitalato. Oku kuya kuncedisa ekuphuculeni umoya wokuphefumula.
- Ukunciphisa i-viscosity ye-sputum kunye nokukhawuleza inkqubo yokubuyiswa kuncediswa isiselo esininzi.
Isiraphu yokutya kubantwana
Uluhlu lwezinto zokukhupha abantwana lukhulu. Uninzi lwabahlengikazi bavuma ukuba isiraphu yokukhwehlela kubantwana iyinombolo yempendulo ephumelelayo. Izidakamizwa kwifom yefayili ngokuqhelekileyo ziqhakazile, zithandeka kwinqabileyo, kuba abantwana banokuba lula ukukholisa ukuba bathathe. Wonke amayeza ahlukaniswe ngamaqela amathathu aphezulu:
- Antitussive. Ukusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwiziko lokukhwehlela, elisekhompileni. Bavala umkhuhlane we-reflex.
- Mucolytics. Zijoliswe ekunyameni kwe-mucus.
- Abaxhasi. Ukunciphisa i-viscosity of sputum, echaphazela isisu. Umsebenzi oyintloko kweli qela kukucoca i-bronchi.
I syrups ezithandwa kakhulu:
- Ambrogen;
- Travisil;
- Herbion;
- UDkt. Theiss;
- Fluidite;
- Umgqirha uMama;
- Sinecod;
- Alteika.
Iibhulile zabantwana ukukhwehlela
Iipilisi nazo ziyimpompo efanelekileyo yokukhupha abantwana. Kufuneka ukhethe ipilisi ngokuxhomekeka kwinto ekhwehlela ngayo umntwana - eyomile okanye emanzi. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela uhlobo kunye nemvelaphi yesifo esithintekayo. Ngoku kutshanje, i-assortment yamaphilisi aphikisayo azaliswe "ngama-pops". Ezi ziyobisi zekhwehlela kubantwana zibhekwa ngokugqithiseleyo, ziyakuthandeka kwinqabileyo kwaye zichithwe ngokupheleleyo emanzini. Nangona kunjalo, abancinci ukuya kwi-3 ubudala ubudala bayaphikisana.
Kwimeko ezininzi, oogqirha bezilwanyana bafuna uncedo ngeendlela ezinjalo:
- Terpincodu;
- Tusuprexu;
- Libexin;
- Omnitus;
- Ambroxol;
- Bromhexine;
- Ascoril.
Ukukhupha kwamanzi kubantwana
Unokufumana amayeza alolu hlobo namhlanje nakwephi na ikhemisi. Amaconsi asebenzayo kwaye akhululekile amayeza okukhwehlela abantwana. Inzuzo eyona nto kukuba iyakuncibilika kunoma yimuphi umbane okanye wongezwa ekudleni. Umntwana akayi kuqaphela ukuba unikwe iziyobisi, kwaye akayi kuhamba, kwaye kubazali abaninzi bavumelana nomntwana malunga nonyango - ingxaki enkulu enkulu.
Ezi zilandelayo zicetyiswayo:
- Bronchipret;
- Sinecod;
- Stoptussin;
- Bronhosan;
- ihlasi.
Amanyathelo omthonyama ekhwela umkhuhlane kubantwana
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezingekho zendabuko zokulwa nokukhwehlela. Uninzi lwabo lusebenza kwaye alulimazi umzimba womntwana. Ngaphezu koko, kwaye unyango olusebenzayo lwekhwehlela kubantwana abanezonyango zomntu lufumaneka kwiintsapho zemali eyahlukeneyo. Thatha u mzekelo, ityirha yonyango. Yonke into efunekayo kwiinkqubo - iipuni ezimbalwa zetyuwa lorwandle, zichithwa ngamanzi afudumele. Beka iidyski kwisisombululo uze uvumele abantwana badlale nabo ihafu yesure. I-Salt fumes ihlambulule i-airways kwaye iqinisa umzimba wokuzivikela, okhokelela ekuphuleni kwangaphambili.
Indlela eyaziwayo yokukhwehlela efanelekileyo yabantwana yiphunga lomsila omnyama kunye nobusi. Ukulungiselela olo hlobo lonyango lulula: nqumla ingcambu kwingcambu kwaye uhlambulule phakathi. Kwikomityi eyenza i-honey-top (okanye ithambisa ishukela). Vala umsila kwaye uvumeleke uqhubeke ubusuku. Ngomso ijusi iya kuqokelelwa kwindebe. Kufuneka uzinike isipuni sesipuni kathathu ngosuku.
Isisombululo esiphezulu kakhulu sokukhupha abantwana esikwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwesifo i-inhalation yezambane. Abazali bafanele bapheke izityalo ezimbalwa eziqingqiweyo - kukuhle ukupheka izitata ngendlela efanelweyo - kwaye ubeke ibhokhwe kuwo. Umntwana ufuna ukugoba phezu kwesitya, esivela ngasentla sihlanganiswe ne-cover box. Umlilo ofudumeleyo usebenza kakuhle emiphakeni kwaye ukhuthaze ukukhawuleza kwe-phlegm.
Iingcebiso eziphezulu zokukhwehlela
Umntwana ngamnye uncedwa yiziyobisi zakhe. Okukhethiweyo kuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi yokukhwehlela, izifo ezithintekayo, ubudala, impilo jikelele kunye nokuzikhusela. Ukulungiswa kwamachiza kunconywa ngabahlengikazi. Umkhwehlela ococekileyo kubantwana awuyabi kakhulu. Amanye amayeza akwixabiso elithengekayo, kodwa asebenzayo kwaye aphephile kwimpilo yabantwana.
Ukusebenza ngokubhekisele kumkhuhlane owomileyo kubantwana
Abantwana baluphi na ubudala kufuneka banyulwe ngokucophelela, kodwa ngononophelo olukhethekileyo kufuneka bakhethe iziyobisi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini. Kule minyaka abayaziyo ukuba baxhomekeke njani, ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, qhagamshelana nodokotela wezilwanyana. Iindlela ezintle zokukhwehlela oomileyo, kwiimeko ezininzi, zikhethwa kwiluhlu lwamachiza:
- Sinecod ;
- Lazolvan;
- Libexin;
- Doctor Theiss.
Ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokukhwehlela okumanzi kubantwana
Umntwana unyaka ukulungele ukuthenga ii syrups. Abantwana abakhulileyo baziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ukukhwehlela okumanzi ayikwazi ukuphathwa nge-mucolytics. Ukulwa nale ngxaki, iziyobisi ezivela kwiqela le-expectorant kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulungisa umkhuhlane omanzi:
- Mukaltin;
- Prospan ;
- Alteika;
- Gedelix;
- Herbion;
- Ambrogen;
- Ascoril;
- Isiraphu ye-althea;
- Ambroxol;
Kuthetha zonke iintlobo zokukhwehlela kubantwana
Amachiza asemhlabeni wonke anceda ukulwa nokukhwehlela kwemvelaphi eyahlukileyo. Ukuba imbangela ye-spasms iyingozi, umzekelo, abazali abakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwama-antihistamine-uLorano, uSrastin, uLoratidine nabanye. Iingxaki ze-bacterial, i-antibiotics iya kufuneka. Ezona zifanelekileyo zikhethwe ngabagadi bezingane, kuxhomekeke kwintsholongwane echaphazelekile umzimba wezingane.
Xa ukukhwehlela komntwana kungasuki, iingcali zikhetha ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kwezi ziyobisi:
- ATSTS;
- Umgqirha uMama;
- Broncholitin;
- Falimint;
- Bromhexine;
- I-Stoptussin (ivunyelwe kuphela ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-12);
- Fulpen;
- Bisolvon;
- Flegamin.