Ukunyamekela iikomkom evulekile - njani ukufumana isivuno esihle?

Akunandaba nokuba imifuno ihlwayelwe ngembewu okanye izityalo, ikhula kwimimandla esezantsi okanye kwimimandla ekhulayo, ukufumana isivuno esihle kwaye sininzi, ukunyamekela iikomkom evulekileyo kufuneka ichaneke, ifikeleleke kwaye ifike ngexesha.

Ukunyamekela izithombo zamakhukhamba

Iibhasi ezitshalwe ngokutsha, ezingabonakaliyo kwaye zingabonakali, zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhethekileyo kwaye zisengozini, ngoko ke xa ukhutshwe iicucumber kwindawo evulekile, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba izityalo zinyamekele. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubonelela iikomkom ngomhlaba ocebileyo-umhlaba kufuneka ukhululeke.

Emva kokuba izityalo zihluthwe kwaye zaqala ukukhula, ukunyamekela iikomkom ehlabathini evulekileyo kubonisa ukuba ukhula lwexesha eliqhelekileyo lomhlaba lukhula kokhula. Kodwa le nto ibulula kakhulu ukuyicombulula kanye kunye nexesha elide, nje ngokuba wenze i- mulching - oku kuza kusindisa ixesha lakho namandla. Ukuxubusha kuyimfuneko ukuhlwayela izityalo ngeengca, utshani obomileyo okanye i-sawdust - oku akuyi kuvumela ukhula lukhule ebhedeni.

Ukunyamekela izithombo zamakhukhamba

Inketho yesibini, indlela yokukhulisa ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile, imbewu yokutshala emhlabeni. Le nkqubo inokude kwaye inzima - inyaniso kukuba ukunakekelwa kwamahlumela amakhukhamba kufuna umhlaba ocolileyo kunye nocolileyo, owawuzaliswe ngaphambili kunye nezichumisi. Omnye umgaqo obalulekileyo wokukhula kwiimbewu - iikomkom kwiindawo zokukhula zibuhlungu kakhulu kubanda, kwaye kunye neqabunga elincinci lingakwazi ukutshabalalisa ihlathi. Ngoko ke, ukuba imvula yomsentyambo ingakhuthazi ukuzithemba, amahlumela kufuneka ahlanganiswe nefilimu okanye izimbiza.

Ungayinisela njani iikomkom evulekile?

Iikhukhamba zifuna amanzi amaninzi kwaye zinyusa zombini kwinqanaba lokukhula kunye nexesha lokulima. Nangona kunqongophala okuncinci ngexesha lokuqhamo kweso siqhamo kungonakalisa ukuvuna kwaye makuncede wonke umntu akhathalele kwaye akhathalele - ukhukhamba uya kuba buhlungu, kwaye akunakukwazi ukulungisa imeko. Ukucoca amakhukhamba ngelixesha lokukhula kubalulekile ngamanzi afudumele amanzi atshisayo kuya kubangela ukucinezelwa kophuhliso lwabo. Ngamaxesha amaninzi ukusela amakhukhamba kwindawo evulekile, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwehlathini - ngaphambi kokuba iikompu ziqubuze zifanele zinyunyiswe rhoqo iintsuku ezingama-6-8, kwaye ngexesha lokutshala - nganye intsuku 3-4.

Ukunkcenkcesha kungcono ukusebenzisa umbhobho wokuphalaza, akunakwenzeka ukwenza oku kusuka kwi-hose. Ukutyilwa kuyimfuneko kuphela umhlaba, isityalo ngokwawo asidingi amanzi okuthulula. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama emhlabathini emva kokutshala okanye ukuvela kwamahlumela, unokwenza i-mulching shrubs engavumeli ukuba ilanga lime umhlaba.

Ikhukhamba ekwindawo evulekile

Xa izityalo zihlanjululwe kwaye ziqala ukukhula, ikhukhamba ikhatywe emhlabathini ovulekileyo, okanye ifake. Kuveliswe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: onke amanyathelo, amaqanda kunye namahlumela, aphuma kumanqanaba amathathu okanye amane, kufuneka asuswe. Inkqubo enjalo iya kuqinisekisa ukusekwa kwenkqubo engcambu.

Ukuba ukhula imifuno ye-varietal, ukunyamekela iikomkom evulekileyo inemithetho yayo - kufuneka wenze i-pinch yesitshixo esiphambili emva kwama-5-7 amaqabunga. Oku kubangelwa ukuba iintlobo ezicokisekileyo zamakhukhamba zisoloko zinika iintyatyambo zendoda kuphela, kwaye le nkqubo iya kuqinisekisa ukuphuhliswa kwezibonda zentsimbi kunye neentyantyambo zowesibini, eziza kuqinisekisa ukuvelisa impova. Amakhukhamba ama-hybrid ase-prischipki ayimfuneko.

Ungondla njani ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile?

Isibambiso sempilo yezityalo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, isivuno esihle - ukunakekelwa kakuhle kunye nokutya okufike ngexesha, njengokuba ungasebenzisa zombini izichumisi ezikhethekileyo kunye nezindlela zabantu. Makhe siqwalasele ngokucacileyo indlela yokuququza iikomkom, kwaye yiyiphi indlela yokugqoka ephezulu ilungele ukuyisebenzisa.

Ikhukhamba - isondlo ngesonka

Ukuhluma imifuno, abaninzi bafuna ukukhetha indlela elula, engokwemvelo neyendlela yokuchumisa, kunye nokugqoka imvubelo yamakhukhamba kubhekisela kulolu hlobo. Amajuba afaka i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium ekubunjweni, oko kukuchaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo, kuphucula ukuxhathisa izifo, kwaye kukhuthaza ukuveliswa kweziqhamo ezinkulu.

Lungiselela ukugqoka isinkwa kwiikomkom lula, kufuneka uthathe i-10 g yemvubelo eyomileyo i-10 litres zamanzi uze ungeze iipunipoyi zeshukela. Ukuxhamla kufuneka kushiywe kwiiyure ezingama-2, uze uhlanjululwe ngama-50 ilitha amanzi. Unganisela amakhukhamba ngemvubelo ngaphezu kweyodwa kwiintsuku eziyi-10-15, ukuba wenza njalo, unokwenza okubi kakhulu kubo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba lolu hlobo lokugqoka oluphezulu aluyilo oluyisiseko, luyakhuthaza kuphela, ngoko alufaki ukukhetha ezinye izikhetho.

Ikhukhamba - isondlo ngesonka

Enye indlela enhle kunokuba iququze ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekile ngumxube wezonkwa ozenzayo, ngokufanayo kufana nemvubelo kwimpumelelo yayo. Kulula kakhulu ukuyilungisa - siwaphosa isonka sesonka kwisitya, sizalise ngamanzi, cinezela ngesigqubuthelo, ukuze isinkwa singaguquki, kwaye sivumele ukuba siphule iintsuku eziliqela. Isisombululo esiphumelayo singanisela izityalo zonke iintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwe-15, kunye nemvubelo.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamakhukhamba ngomlotha

I-Ashi yichumisi eyinkimbinkimbi esondla iikomkom ezininzi ze-microelements, ezenza enye yezona ndlela zikhethileyo zokugqoka ngaphezulu. Unokufefa iibhedi ngomlotha owomileyo, kodwa isiphumo esihle singatholakala ngokulungiselela isisombululo esisodwa. Yilungiselelwe imizuzu embalwa - i-10 ilitha yamanzi sithatha ingqungquthela yomlotha, siyivuselele, kwaye ukugqoka okuphezulu kukulungele, kusenokuba kunamanzi.

Ukukhupha iikomkom ne iodine

Inketho elandelayo efanelekileyo, kunokuba ukondle ukhukhamba kwindawo evulekileyo yonyango lwezithombo kunye ne-iodine. Kuyinto efanelekileyo yokuthintela izifo ezininzi, ngenxa yoko kufuneka ulungiselele iilitha ezili-9 zamanzi, ilitha enye ye-fat fat-made milk and drops 12 iodine. Ukongezelela, iodine ibangela isivuno esihle kakhulu samakhukhamba.

Iifomthi zeekomkom evulekile

Ukuze ukondle iikomkom, ungasebenzisa izichumiso ezenziwe ngokusemthethweni ezisetyenziselwa kwindawo evulekile. Ziyakwazi ukwahlula kumaqela aphezulu:

1. I-nitrogen - iyadingeka kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula, iikomkom. Xa ukhetha, umntu kufuneka akhethe okungafani ne-nitrate nitrogen.
2. I-Phosphorus - kufuneka isetyenziswe rhoqo, kodwa ininzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ngokuchanekileyo kuya kunceda iikomkom ziyaqhakaza ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye likhulu.
3. I-Potassium - ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwezondlo kwiinkqubo zengcambu, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okusemgangathweni kunye nokulima.

Xa ukhetha izichumiso, khumbula ukuba ukhukhamba ayithandi i-chlorine kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokucoca umbhede wonke, kufuneka uzame umxube kwiibhola eziliqela kwaye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ugcine imeko yembewu. Ukuba ubona i-dynamic eshukumisayo, unokusingatha ngokukhuselekileyo umyezo wonke. Ukuba, ngokuchaseneyo, izityalo aziphendulanga ngendlela engcono, kungcono ukuba ungabatshali.

Gucumber ikhukhamba kwindawo evulekile

Ingongoma ebalulekileyo ebonisa ukunyamekelwa kwamakhukhamba kunye nokubunjwa kwawo emhlabathini ovulekileyo i-garter echanekileyo, eveliswa xa isityalo sifinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-30. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokukhupha ikhukhamba:

1. Indlela ehleliyo. Iibini zenkxaso zifakwe kwicala eliphambene nombhede, phakathi kweyiphi intambo ezinamandla. Ngokwalo, iikomkom ziyakhula. Le ndlela ine-drawback ephawulekayo - izityalo zinzima kakhulu ukukhula kule ndawo, kwaye, sele zifikelele kumqolo omnye weentambo, kunzima ukuba zifikelele ezilandelayo.
2. Indlela efanelekileyo. Kule ndlela, inkxaso efana no-U ifakiwe. Kwinqanaba elincinci lalo linamathongelelo, okuza kubakhokela ukhukhamba, kulezi zingcongolo ezihlahleni ziphakanyisiwe. Le ndlela, ngokwemininzi, ilula kakhulu kwaye iyasebenza.

Izifo zekhukhamba kwindawo evulekile

Ingxaki enkulu apho umntu ohlala ehlotyeni angabonisana naye ngenkathi ekhathalela iikomkom evulekileyo yicala lekhukhamba, ezininzi zazo ezinokubulala sonke isityalo. Kodwa, ehlomile ngolwazi, uyayibona ngokucacileyo eso sifo kwaye uphumelele ngokuphumelelayo nayo. Izifo ezininzi zifayili, kwaye inqanaba elincinci lokukhusela lingabizwa ngokuba yikimu lokutsala elifanelekileyo (ukhukhamba akufanele ikhule ngokusondelene kakhulu), lawula umswakama kwaye ususe amaqabunga aqala ukwenza okanye aomile.

Xa ukhulayo ukhukhamba zikhona izifo ezinjalo:

1. Isifo sobunzima. Uphawu oluphambili luyi-white mealy yengubo kunye namacembe. Isi sifo sesinambuzane sichaphazela amaqabunga, ngoko sitshona. Ukuphatha i-powdery isikhumba sekhukhamba, ungasebenzisa izilwanyana zabantu-1 ilitha yobisi olumuncu, oluxutywe ne 1 ilitha yamanzi, ukutshiza kufuneka kwenziwe kanye ngeveki. Esinye isixhobo esisebenzayo sisisombululo se-50 grams ye-soda, ama-5 amagremu ensipho yokuhlamba iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi, izityalo ezifafazayo zonke iintsuku ezingama-5-7.
2. Ascochitis. Amacaka amnyama avela kwimida yamacembe. Iziqhamo zamakhukhamba a sulele zijika zibe zimnyama okanye zihlanganiswe ngethungelwano lwamachashaza amnyama. Ukunyanga i-Bordeaux 1% yamanzi, i-sulfate yethusi iya kunceda. Amanyathelo okukhusela aquka ukunyamekela okufanelekileyo, ukuphepha ukutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa kunye nokunkcenkceshela kwamanzi abandayo, ukulima komhlaba wonyaka - ukuthambisa nokuqhuma.
3. Anthracnose. Le yenye yezona zizathu eziqhelekileyo kuba amaqabunga ekhukhamba ajika ephuzi ngaphandle. Kwamaqabunga akhiwa amabala ajikelezileyo ombala obomvu obomvu. Kuphezulu kumanzi kwiindawo, iipinki zepinki zingenza - yiyo le fungus ibonakalisa ngayo. Esi sifo siphathwa ngeendlela ezifanayo nezi zichazwe ngasentla.
4. I-bacteriosis, okanye i-spotting spotting. Emaqabini phakathi kweemvini zivela kwiindawo ezinengqumbo, okokuqala zihamba ngamafutha, kwaye zifumana umbala omnyama obomvu. Emuva kweqabunga kwiindawo uza kubona ama-droplets of liquid, turbid kwi-accumulation of bacteria. Ngexesha lemvula okanye ukuthambisa ngaphantsi komxinzelelo, lo manzi ungasasaza kulo lonke umbhede, uhlasele yonke into ephilileyo. Ukunyangwa kwesi sifo kuqulethwe ngononophelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokususwa kwamaqabunga achaphazelekayo, ngoko unokusebenzisa izicombululo ezichazwe ngasentla.
5. Grey kubola. Esi sifo sibonakaliswa ngexesha lokuchuma okusebenzayo - kumaqabunga, iintyatyambo kunye namakhukhamba kubonakala isambatho esibomvu, esivame ukubonakaliswa kwiibhedi ezityalwe kakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bokuphuhliswa kwiimeko ezixinyiweyo. Ukubola kuphathwa ngokususa amaqabunga achaphazelekayo, iziqhamo, kunye namaxesha athile isiqithi sonke. Kwiziko lokususa, umxube we-potassium permanganate kunye nekhefu kufuneka kusetyenziswe.